Effectiveness of exercise intervention on mobility, postural control, and falls for older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Objective: To review and synthesize the effectiveness of exercise interventions on mobility, postural control, and falls in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Data Sources: This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023453320) and adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Embase, APA PsycInfo, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus were searched from inception until September 2024.

Receiving three doses of inactivated or mRNA COVID-19 vaccines was associated with lower odds of long COVID symptoms among people with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Hong Kong, China: a cross-sectional survey study.

High prevalence of long COVID symptoms has emerged as a significant public health concern. This study investigated the associations between three doses of COVID-19 vaccines and the presence of any and ≥3 types of long COVID symptoms among people with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Hong Kong, China. This is a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional online survey among Hong Kong adult residents conducted between June and August 2022.

High-intensity interval training for improving cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents: An umbrella review of systematic reviews.

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an emerging exercise strategy to improve health and fitness, but previous studies have evaluated HIIT interventions across different populations and outcomes. This review aimed to comprehensively synthesize published evidence on the effects of HIIT on key cardiometabolic health parameters in children and adolescents. We searched seven databases until February 2024.

Effectiveness of a game-based high-intensity interval training on executive function and other health indicators of children with ADHD: A three-arm partially-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: Children with ADHD demand for effective intervention with minimum side effect to improve executive function (EF) and health well-being.

Method: This study used a three-arm partially-blinded randomized controlled trial to test the effects of two different kinds of 8-week game-based training programs (game-based HIIT program, GameHIIT; and game-based structured aerobic exercise program, GameSAE) on EF and other health indicators of children with ADHD, which was compared with a non-treatment control group.

Results: A total of 49 children with ADHD completed the program.

The Overflow Effects of Movement Behaviour Change Interventions for Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.

Background: Considering the finite time within a 24-h day, the distribution of time spent on movement behaviours has been found to be associated with health outcomes.

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarise and evaluate the overflow effects of interventions targeting a single behaviour (physical activity, sedentary behaviour/screen time, or sleep) on other non-targeted behaviours among children and adolescents.

Methods: Six databases (MEDLINE [Ovid], PsycINFO [ProQuest], EMBASE [Ovid], PubMed, Web of Science and SPORTDiscus [EBSCO]) were searched for relevant studies published before 13 May, 2024.

Efficacy of oral nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation on glucose and lipid metabolism for adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials.

A surge of public interest in NMN supplementation has been observed in recent years. However, whether NMN supplements are effective in improving metabolic health remains unclear. The objective of the review was to assess the effects of NMN supplementation on fasting glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-C, and HDL-C in adults.

Efficacy of Interval Training in Improving Body Composition and Adiposity in Apparently Healthy Adults: An Umbrella Review with Meta-Analysis.

Background: Although the efficacy of interval training for improving body composition has been summarized in an increasing number of systematic reviews in recent years, discrepancies in review findings and conclusions have been observed.

Objective: This study aims to synthesize the available evidence on the efficacy of interval training compared with moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and nonexercise control (CON) in reducing body adiposity in apparently healthy adults.

Methods: An umbrella review with meta-analysis was performed.

The Effect of Time-Restricted Eating Combined with Exercise on Body Composition and Metabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Time-restricted eating (TRE) is increasingly popular, but its benefits in combination with exercise still need to be determined.

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of TRE combined with exercise compared with control diet with exercise in improving the body composition and metabolic health of adults.

Methods: Five electronic databases were searched for relevant studies.

The effect of different high-intensity interval training protocols on cardiometabolic and inflammatory markers in sedentary young women: A randomized controlled trial.

Few studies have reported the cardiovascular health effects of different high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols among sedentary young women. We investigated the impact of a traditional HIIT programme and a high-intensity circuit training (HICT) programme on lipid profiles and inflammatory cytokine levels in sedentary young women. Forty-two women were randomly assigned to HICT (body weight-based training), HIIT (cycling-based training), or control groups ( = 14 each).

Effects of intermittent dieting with break periods on body composition and metabolic adaptation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Context: Intermittent dieting incorporated with break periods (INT-B) has recently been promoted as an alternative dietary approach for optimal weight management.

Objective: This study assessed the effectiveness of INT-B compared with that of conventional continuous energy restriction (CER) for improving body composition and attenuating metabolic adaptation.

Data Sources: A systematic search was conducted on 6 databases using all available records until July 2023.

Association of Sedentary Lifestyle with Risk of Acute and Post-Acute COVID-19 Sequelae: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Evidence suggests that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors could experience COVID-19 sequelae. Although various risk factors for COVID-19 sequelae have been identified, little is known about whether a sedentary lifestyle is an independent risk factor.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 4850 participants self-reported their COVID-19 sequelae symptoms between June and August 2022.

Effects of increasing light versus moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on cardiometabolic health in Chinese adults with obesity.

Increasing daily physical activity (PA) is a practical way to decrease the risk of cardiometabolic diseases, while the studies on exercise intensity remain limited. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effects of increasing light PA (LPA) or moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) for 12 weeks on cardiometabolic markers in Chinese adults with obesity. Fifty-three adults were randomly assigned to the 1) control group, 2) LPA group, and 3) MVPA group in free-living settings.

Temporal trends in the physical fitness of Hong Kong children aged 6-12 years between 2003-04 and 2015-16.

Low physical fitness in childhood is linked with poor health now and in later life. This study estimated temporal trends in physical fitness for Hong Kong children aged 6-12 years from 2003-04 to 2015-16. Objectively measured body size and physical fitness data for 27,513 children were obtained from four population-representative surveys of Hong Kong primary school students.

Acute Physiological and Perceptual Responses to Whole-Body High-Intensity Interval Training Compared with Equipment-Based Interval and Continuous Training.

Low-volume, time-efficient high-intensity interval training (HIIT), which involves whole-body (WB) callisthenics exercises, has gained worldwide popularity in recent years. However, the physiological and perceptual impact of WB-HIIT in comparison to specialised, equipment-based training is relatively less studied. This study compared the acute physiological and perceptual responses to a single session of WB-HIIT, ergometer-based HIIT (ERG-HIIT) and conventional moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT).

Effect of Physical Exercise-Based Rehabilitation on Long COVID: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: The number of persons living with post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) conditions or long COVID continues to rise worldwide; however, the etiology and the treatment of long COVID remain nebulous. Therefore, efficient, feasible, and cost-effective therapeutic strategies for a large population with long COVID remain warranted. Physical exercise-based rehabilitation is a promising strategy for long COVID, although its therapeutic effects remain to be determined.

Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews on Bodyweight Management Strategies for Children and Adolescents.

Introduction: Systematic reviews (SRs) synthesize empirical evidence from randomized controlled trials, to answer a research question. Methodological flaws in SRs can, however, reduce the trustworthiness of conclusions, subsequently hindering decision making. We aimed to appraise the methodological quality of existing SRs on bodyweight management strategies for children and adolescents.

Moderate-vigorous physical activity attenuates premature senescence of immune cells in sedentary adults with obesity: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Despite the well-known senolytic effects of physical exercise on immune cells in older adults, the effect of physical activity (PA) on premature immune senescence in sedentary adults with obesity remains largely unknown. This pilot study aimed to investigate the role of objectively measured physical behaviors and Fitbit watch-based free-living PA intervention in premature senescence of immune cells in sedentary adults with obesity. Forty-five participants were recruited in the cross-sectional analysis, and forty of them further participated in the randomized controlled trial.

A novel physical functioning test to complement subjective questionnaires in chronic low back pain assessments.

Background Context: Lifting disability commonly affects patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) and may not correlate with the existing lifting-related physical assessment tests, such as the loaded forward reach (LFR) test.

Purpose: The Lift and Place (LAP) test was developed to assess lifting disability in CLBP based on known risk factors. The LAP test was compared with established physical assessment test, including the LFR test and self-reported disability questionnaires.

The Associations Between Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity Levels and Mental Health in Children and Adolescents with Intellectual Disabilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

To examine the associations between physical activity (PA) levels and mental health in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities (IDs) during the COVID-19 pandemic, 117 participants aged between 6 and 17 years with IDs from 10 Hong Kong special schools were included. There were positive dose-response associations between PA (i.e.

Effects of Wearing a Mask During Exercise on Physiological and Psychological Outcomes in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Wearing face masks in public is an effective strategy for preventing the spread of viruses; however, it may negatively affect exercise responses. Therefore, this review aimed to explore the effects of wearing different types of face masks during exercise on various physiological and psychological outcomes in healthy individuals.

Methods: A literature search was conducted using relevant electronic databases, including Medline, PubMed, Embase, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials on April 05, 2022.