Single-Mitochondrion Sequencing Uncovers Distinct Mutational Patterns and Heteroplasmy Landscape in Mouse Astrocytes and Neurons.

Background: Mitochondrial (mt) heteroplasmy can cause adverse biological consequences when deleterious mtDNA mutations accumulate disrupting 'normal' mt-driven processes and cellular functions. To investigate the heteroplasmy of such mtDNA changes we developed a moderate throughput mt isolation procedure to quantify the mt single-nucleotide variant (SNV) landscape in individual mouse neurons and astrocytes In this study we amplified mt-genomes from 1,645 single mitochondria (mts) isolated from mouse single astrocytes and neurons to 1. determine the distribution and proportion of mt-SNVs as well as mutation pattern in specific target regions across the mt-genome, 2.

Mindfulness meditation use in Britain during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to examine the prevalence and associations of mindfulness meditation use and also its perceived mental health effects during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Using repeated cross-sectional data from broad online samples weighted to be representative of the adult population in Britain, we estimated the prevalence of mindfulness meditation use and employed logistic regression models to investigate sociodemographic and political associations of mindfulness meditation use and also its perceived mental health effects during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results: The findings suggest that 16 percent of adults in Britain had learnt to practice mindfulness in 2021.

CHEX-seq detects single-cell genomic single-stranded DNA with catalytical potential.

Genomic DNA (gDNA) undergoes structural interconversion between single- and double-stranded states during transcription, DNA repair and replication, which is critical for cellular homeostasis. We describe "CHEX-seq" which identifies the single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) in situ in individual cells. CHEX-seq uses 3'-terminal blocked, light-activatable probes to prime the copying of ssDNA into complementary DNA that is sequenced, thereby reporting the genome-wide single-stranded chromatin landscape.

Systematic Sampling of the Female Reproductive System for Molecular Characterization.

As part of the National Institutes of Health Human BioMolecular Atlas Program to develop a global platform to map the 37 trillion cells in the adult human body, we are generating a comprehensive molecular characterization of the female reproductive system. Data gathered from multiple single-cell/single-nucleus and spatial molecular assays will be used to build a 3D molecular atlas. Herein, we describe our multistep protocol, beginning with an optimized organ procurement workflow that maintains functional characteristics of the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes by perfusing these organs with preservation solution.

Mindfulness in Politics: A Qualitative Study on Mindfulness Training in the UK Parliament.

Objectives: While mindfulness in the workplace has received substantial scientific attention in the past decades, it is not yet well-understood if, under what circumstances, and in what ways mindfulness training may be helpful for individuals working in political environments. The aim of this study was to explore the experience of mindfulness training among British politicians, as well as mindfulness facilitators who had taught mindfulness to politicians in the UK Parliament.

Method: Between September and November 2021, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with British politicians ( = 18) who had experience of mindfulness training and mindfulness facilitators ( = 4) who had taught mindfulness to politicians in the UK Parliament.

Subcellular omics: a new frontier pushing the limits of resolution, complexity and throughput.

We argue that the study of single-cell subcellular organelle omics is needed to understand and regulate cell function. This requires and is being enabled by new technology development.

Effects of an 8-Week Mindfulness Course on Affective Polarization.

Objectives: The European Union Brexit referendum has split the British electorate into two camps, with high levels of affective polarization between those who affiliate with the Remain side (Remainers) and the Leave side (Leavers) of the debate. Previous research has shown that a brief meditation intervention can reduce affective polarization, but no study has thus far investigated the effects of an 8-week mindfulness program on affective polarization. This is what will be examined in this study.

Effects of an eight-week, online mindfulness program on anxiety and depression in university students during COVID-19: A randomized controlled trial.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had adverse mental health effects for many groups in British society, especially young adults and university students. The present study reports secondary outcomes (i.e.

Water quality performance of wetlands receiving nonpoint-source nitrogen loads: Nitrate and total nitrogen removal efficiency and controlling factors.

Nonpoint-source nitrogen (N) loads in the U.S. Corn Belt are a major concern both for local impacts on receiving waters and for contributing to hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico.

Percutaneous CT guided bone biopsy for suspected osteomyelitis: Diagnostic yield and impact on patient's treatment change and recovery.

Aim: To evaluate the utility of percutaneous CT guided bone biopsy (PCBB) for suspected osteomyelitis (OM) and its eventual impact on patient management and recovery.

Material And Methods: Patients who received a PCBB for suspected osteomyelitis from years 2012-2018. Patient demographics, lesion location, ulcer grade, signs of toxemia, serology, wound and blood cultures, bone biopsy and cross-sectional imaging results were recorded.

miRNA Profiling of Magnetic Nanopore-Isolated Extracellular Vesicles for the Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer.

Improved diagnostics for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) to detect the disease at earlier, curative stages and to guide treatments is crucial to progress against this disease. The development of a liquid biopsy for PDAC has proven challenging due to the sparsity and variable phenotypic expression of circulating biomarkers. Here we report methods we developed for isolating specific subsets of extracellular vesicles (EV) from plasma using a novel magnetic nanopore capture technique.

Coordination of olfactory receptor choice with guidance receptor expression and function in olfactory sensory neurons.

Olfactory sensory neurons choose to express a single odorant receptor (OR) from a large gene repertoire and extend axons to reproducible, OR-specific locations within the olfactory bulb. This developmental process produces a topographically organized map of odorant experience in the brain. The axon guidance mechanisms that generate this pattern of connectivity, as well as those that coordinate OR choice and axonal guidance receptor expression, are incompletely understood.

PIVOT: platform for interactive analysis and visualization of transcriptomics data.

Background: Many R packages have been developed for transcriptome analysis but their use often requires familiarity with R and integrating results of different packages requires scripts to wrangle the datatypes. Furthermore, exploratory data analyses often generate multiple derived datasets such as data subsets or data transformations, which can be difficult to track.

Results: Here we present PIVOT, an R-based platform that wraps open source transcriptome analysis packages with a uniform user interface and graphical data management that allows non-programmers to interactively explore transcriptomics data.

Pathology-radiology correlation of common and uncommon computed tomographic patterns of organizing pneumonia.

Organizing pneumonia (OP) is a common pattern of lung injury that can be associated with a wide range of etiologies. Typical and not-so-typical imaging features of OP occur, as both common and rare lung pathologies can mimic the same imaging pattern as that of OP. This article will attempt to describe the difference between confusing terminologies that have been used in the past for OP and existence of primary versus secondary OP.

Enucleation or exenteration in two dogs with previous parotid duct transposition: parotid duct ligation versus reverse parotid duct transposition.

Two dogs with previous parotid duct transpositions presented with unrelated ocular disease. In both cases, ophthalmic examination revealed the need for enucleation or exenteration. In case 1, systemic coccidioidomycosis was diagnosed with panuveitis and secondary glaucoma of the left eye.

Fate of triazoles in softwood upon environmental exposure.

Determining the fate of preservatives in commercial wood products is essential to minimize their losses and improve protective impregnation techniques. The fate of triazole fungicides in ponderosa pine wood was investigated in both outdoor and controlled-environment experiments using a representative triazole, tebuconazole (TAZ), which was accompanied by propiconazole (PAZ) in selected experiments. The study was designed to mimic industrial settings used in window frame manufacturing.

Symptomatic Parietal Intradiploic Encephalocele-A Case Report and Literature Review.

Encephalocele is a rare condition that consists of herniation of cerebral matter through openings of dura and skull. A majority of encephaloceles are congenital and manifest in childhood. We present a case of a 45-year-old man presenting with contralateral hemiparesis and found to have an extremely rare phenomenon of a symptomatic posttraumatic parietal intradiploic encephalocele (IE) manifesting 36 years following pediatric traumatic head injury.

Primary Cell Culture of Live Neurosurgically Resected Aged Adult Human Brain Cells and Single Cell Transcriptomics.

Investigation of human CNS disease and drug effects has been hampered by the lack of a system that enables single-cell analysis of live adult patient brain cells. We developed a culturing system, based on a papain-aided procedure, for resected adult human brain tissue removed during neurosurgery. We performed single-cell transcriptomics on over 300 cells, permitting identification of oligodendrocytes, microglia, neurons, endothelial cells, and astrocytes after 3 weeks in culture.

Assessing characteristics of RNA amplification methods for single cell RNA sequencing.

Background: Recently, measurement of RNA at single cell resolution has yielded surprising insights. Methods for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have received considerable attention, but the broad reliability of single cell methods and the factors governing their performance are still poorly known.

Results: Here, we conducted a large-scale control experiment to assess the transfer function of three scRNA-seq methods and factors modulating the function.

Tumor Enhancement and Heterogeneity Are Associated With Treatment Response to Drug-Eluting Bead Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: Treatment response to drug-eluting bead chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) is well established for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, few studies have evaluated tumor imaging characteristics associated with treatment responses. The aim of our study was to identify imaging characteristics associated with treatment responses and overall survival after DEB-TACE of HCC.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of 33 tumors in 32 patients who underwent DEB-TACE for inoperable HCC in a single, large academic medical center.

Clinical impact of magnetic resonance neurography in patients with brachial plexus neuropathies.

Objective: To study the impact of brachial plexus MR neurography (MRN) in the diagnostic thinking and therapeutic management of patients with suspected plexopathy.

Methods: MRN examinations of adult brachial plexuses over a period of 18 months were reviewed. Relevant data collection included-patient demographics, clinical history, pre-imaging diagnostic impression, pre-imaging treatment plan, post-imaging diagnosis, post-imaging treatment plan, surgical notes and electrodiagnostic (ED) results.