Impact of intraoperative ischemia time on acute complications of head and neck microvascular free tissue transfer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To evaluate the relationship between intraoperative ischemia time with acute microvascular free tissue transfer (MFTT) complications in head and neck reconstruction.

Methods: A systematic review using PRISMA guidelines was performed. Inclusion encompassed all available studies published and indexed using PubMed, Medline, and Embase.

Tao Negatively Regulates BMP Signaling During Neuromuscular Junction Development in Drosophila.

The coordinated growth and development of synapses is critical for all aspects of neural circuit function and mutations that disrupt these processes can result in various neurological defects. Several anterograde and retrograde signaling pathways, including the canonical Bone Morphogenic Protein (BMP) pathway, regulate synaptic development in vertebrates and invertebrates. At the Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ), the retrograde BMP pathway is a part of the machinery that controls NMJ expansion concurrent with larval growth.