Correction to "Changes in cannabis involvement in emergency department visits for anxiety disorders after cannabis legalization: a repeated cross-sectional study" - The Lancet Regional Health - Americas 2024; 36: 100815.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.

Unintentional pediatric poisonings before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A population-based study.

Objectives: The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on unintentional pediatric poisonings is unclear. We examined changes in emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations for poisonings before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We compared changes in cannabis vs non-cannabis poisoning events given the recent legalization of cannabis in October 2018 and cannabis edibles in January 2020.

Inhibition of Ebola infection by anti-parasitic quinoline derivatives.

There continues to be no approved drugs for the treatment of Ebola virus disease (EVD). Despite a number of candidate drugs showing limited efficacy and/or in non-human primate studies, EVD continues to plaque certain areas of Africa without any efficacious treatments yet available. Recently, we have been exploring the potential for anti-malarial drugs to inhibit an model of Ebola Zaire replication using a transcription-competent virus-like particle (trVLP) assay.

Targeting ABL1 or ARG Tyrosine Kinases to Restrict HIV-1 Infection in Primary CD4+ T-Cells or in Humanized NSG Mice.

Background: Previous studies support dasatinib as a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 replication. However, a functional distinction between 2 kinase targets of the drug, ABL1 and ARG, has not been assessed.

Setting: We used primary CD4 T-cells, CD8-depleted peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from a treatment naïve HIV-1 patient, and a humanized mouse model of HIV-1 infection.

Extracellular histones identified in crocodile blood inhibit in-vitro HIV-1 infection.

Objective: It has been reported that crocodile blood contains potent antibacterial and antiviral properties. However, its effects on HIV-1 infection remain unknown.

Design: We obtained blood from saltwater crocodiles to examine whether serum or plasma could inhibit HIV-1 infection.

c-SRC protein tyrosine kinase regulates early HIV-1 infection post-entry.

Objective: We investigated whether HIV-1 inhibition by SRC-family kinase inhibitors is through the non-receptor tyrosine kinase pp60 (c-SRC) and its binding partner, protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta (PTK2B).

Design: CD4 T-lymphocytes were infected with R5 (JR-FL) or X4 (HXB2) HIV-1. We used SRC-family kinase inhibitors or targeted siRNA knockdown of c-SRC and PTK2B, then monitored effects on the early HIV-1 lifecycle.

A Rapid Screening Assay Identifies Monotherapy with Interferon-ß and Combination Therapies with Nucleoside Analogs as Effective Inhibitors of Ebola Virus.

To date there are no approved antiviral drugs for the treatment of Ebola virus disease (EVD). While a number of candidate drugs have shown limited efficacy in vitro and/or in non-human primate studies, differences in experimental methodologies make it difficult to compare their therapeutic effectiveness. Using an in vitro model of Ebola Zaire replication with transcription-competent virus like particles (trVLPs), requiring only level 2 biosafety containment, we compared the activities of the type I interferons (IFNs) IFN-α and IFN-ß, a panel of viral polymerase inhibitors (lamivudine (3TC), zidovudine (AZT) tenofovir (TFV), favipiravir (FPV), the active metabolite of brincidofovir, cidofovir (CDF)), and the estrogen receptor modulator, toremifene (TOR), in inhibiting viral replication in dose-response and time course studies.

Optimal attenuation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by intravenous immunoglobulin requires an intact interleukin-11 receptor.

Background: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) has been used to treat a variety of autoimmune disorders including multiple sclerosis (MS); however its mechanism of action remains elusive. Recent work has shown that interleukin-11 (IL-11) mRNAs are upregulated by IVIg in MS patient T cells. Both IVIg and IL-11 have been shown to ameliorate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS.

c-Src and Pyk2 protein tyrosine kinases play protective roles in early HIV-1 infection of CD4+ T-cell lines.

Background: During early HIV-1 infection of CD4 T-lymphocytes, many host protein tyrosine kinases become activated within minutes, including phosphoprotein pp60 (c-Src) and the focal adhesion kinase family member, proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2). Whether their activation facilitates or impedes infection remains to be determined.

Methods: c-Src kinase inhibitors (SU6656, PP1, and PP2), adenovectors [wild-type and dominant-negative (DN) c-src] or siRNA (targeting c-src or pyk2) were used to inhibit, compete with or knockdown c-Src in Jurkat C, Jurkat E6-1, Hut 78 or Kit225 T-cell lines.