Art Therapy for Paediatric Pain: A Scoping Review.

Pain is common in paediatric populations and is best treated with a multi-disciplinary approach. Art therapy interventions are gaining popularity in paediatrics; however, there is limited evidence on its impact on pain outcomes in children and adolescents. The objective of this scoping review is to map current research on art therapy's impact as an intervention in paediatric populations experiencing any type of pain (i.

A circumpolar study unveils a positive non-linear effect of temperature on arctic arthropod availability that may reduce the risk of warming-induced trophic mismatch for breeding shorebirds.

Seasonally abundant arthropods are a crucial food source for many migratory birds that breed in the Arctic. In cold environments, the growth and emergence of arthropods are particularly tied to temperature. Thus, the phenology of arthropods is anticipated to undergo a rapid change in response to a warming climate, potentially leading to a trophic mismatch between migratory insectivorous birds and their prey.

Why do avian responses to change in Arctic green-up vary?

Global climate change has altered the timing of seasonal events (i.e., phenology) for a diverse range of biota.

Elicitation of domain knowledge for a machine learning model for paediatric critical illness in South Africa.

Objectives: Delays in identification, resuscitation and referral have been identified as a preventable cause of avoidable severity of illness and mortality in South African children. To address this problem, a machine learning model to predict a compound outcome of death prior to discharge from hospital and/or admission to the PICU was developed. A key aspect of developing machine learning models is the integration of human knowledge in their development.

Development of artificial neural network models for paediatric critical illness in South Africa.

Objectives: Failures in identification, resuscitation and appropriate referral have been identified as significant contributors to avoidable severity of illness and mortality in South African children. In this study, artificial neural network models were developed to predict a composite outcome of death before discharge from hospital or admission to the PICU. These models were compared to logistic regression and XGBoost models developed on the same data in cross-validation.

Don't judge a book by its cover: Exploring low self-reported distress and repressive coping in a pediatric chronic pain population.

Repression has been linked to greater illness, somatic symptoms, and poorer physical health, both in adult and pediatric populations. The current study examined psychological and pain profiles of children with chronic pain who may under-report levels of psychological distress at a first interdisciplinary chronic pain assessment. Children and their caregiver completed measures of psychopathology and pain intensity, while clinicians rated their levels of disability.

Resolution of post-traumatic chronic testicular pain in a pediatric patient after microsurgical denervation of the spermatic cord: a case report.

Purpose: Chronic scrotal content pain, chronic orchialgia, or testicular pain can present after trauma, vasectomy, and hernia repair, among other triggers. Microsurgical denervation of the spermatic cord is an option for definitive pain control. While this practice is established in adult urology, access to diagnostic intervention and definitive denervation surgery is limited in the pediatric population.

Rapid mobilization of a virtual pediatric chronic pain clinic in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Studies have been conducted describing the potential for using virtual care software during disasters and public health emergencies. However, limited data exist on ways in which the Canadian health care system utilizes virtual care during disasters or public health emergencies.

Aims: Due to the need for social distancing and reduction of nonessential ambulatory services during the COVID-19 pandemic, the SickKids Chronic Pain Clinic sought to transition care delivery from in person to virtual.

Sensory Function and Psychological Factors in Children With Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type 1.

Objective: To assess thermal-sensory thresholds and psychosocial factors in children with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type 1 (CRPS-I) compared to healthy children.

Methods: We conducted quantitative sensory testing on 34 children with CRPS-I and 56 pain-free children. Warm, cool, heat, and cold stimuli were applied to the forearm.

Oral Immunotherapy With Human Secretory Immunoglobulin A Improves Survival in the Hamster Model of Clostridioides difficile Infection.

Coadministration of human secretory IgA (sIgA) together with subtherapeutic vancomycin enhanced survival in the Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) hamster model. Vancomycin (5 or 10 mg/kg × 5 days) plus healthy donor plasma sIgA/monomeric IgA (TID × 21 days) or hyperimmune sIgA/monomeric IgA (BID × 13 days) enhanced survival. Survival was improved compared to vancomycin alone, P = .

The clinical and genetic features of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) in central South Africa-three novel pathogenic variants.

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is supposedly rare in Africa, with only three pathogenic variants documented to date. We describe the clinical and genetic features of HHT patients in central South Africa, who fulfilled the Curaçao criteria. Sixteen patients (median age 38.

Providing a framework of principles for conceptualising the Fontan circulation.

The Fontan operation remains the final palliation for thousands of patients with complex congenital heart disease. By creating a Fontan circuit, control of cardiac output and congestion is wrested away from the ventricle and new haemodynamic forces take control. Understanding how to control the flow in the Fontan circuit will enable clinicians to improve patient management and possibly prevent future complications.

Composition and Drivers of Gut Microbial Communities in Arctic-Breeding Shorebirds.

Gut microbiota can have important effects on host health, but explanatory factors and pathways that determine gut microbial composition can differ among host lineages. In mammals, host phylogeny is one of the main drivers of gut microbiota, a result of vertical transfer of microbiota during birth. In birds, it is less clear what the drivers might be, but both phylogeny and environmental factors may play a role.

Percutaneous embolization of lymphatic fistulae as treatment for protein-losing enteropathy and plastic bronchitis in patients with failing Fontan circulation.

Background: To determine the feasibility and clinical result of selective embolization of hepatoduodenal or paratracheal lymphatics in Fontan patients with protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) or plastic bronchitis (PB).

Methods: Dilated lymph vessels in periportal (PLE) or paratracheal (PB) position were percutaneously punctured with a 22G Chiba needle. Intralymphatic position was confirmed by water soluble contrast injection with drainage to hepatoduodenal or tracheal fistulae.

Percutaneous obliteration of the right ventricle to avoid coronary damage by sinusoids in patients with pulmonary atresia intact ventricular septum during staged single ventricle palliation.

Background And Aims: Suprasystemic pressure waves can damage the coronary arteries resulting in myocardial ischemia and excess early mortality. We aimed to reduce the coronary pressure wave through the sinusoids by abolishing RV volume with percutaneous devices.

Methods And Results: Four patients with PA-IVS and coronary sinusoids from the hypertensive rudimentary RV were evaluated at a median age 26.

Radiofrequency perforation of the pulmonary valve: an efficient low cost solution.

Objective The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of using commonly available catheterization laboratory equipment for radiofrequency perforation of the pulmonary valve in patients with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum. Methods The system (off-label use for all items) is made up of a co-axial telescopic arrangement consisting of a 0.014" PT 2 ™ coronary guidewire, for insulation inside a 2.

Percutaneous intervention for central shunts: new routes, new strategies.

Introduction In traditional locations, the standard Blalock-Taussig shunt presents numerous technical difficulties for percutaneous intervention. We changed our strategy to a central type shunt (Laks-type) with end-to-side pulmonary and side-to-side aortic anastomosis. The aim of this study was to determine whether this modified strategy would allow easier percutaneous manipulation in patients with small pulmonary arteries.

Unexpected diversity in socially synchronized rhythms of shorebirds.

The behavioural rhythms of organisms are thought to be under strong selection, influenced by the rhythmicity of the environment. Such behavioural rhythms are well studied in isolated individuals under laboratory conditions, but free-living individuals have to temporally synchronize their activities with those of others, including potential mates, competitors, prey and predators. Individuals can temporally segregate their daily activities (for example, prey avoiding predators, subordinates avoiding dominants) or synchronize their activities (for example, group foraging, communal defence, pairs reproducing or caring for offspring).

Twenty Years of Adult Congenital Heart Surgery: A Single-Center African Experience.

Background: Lack of data exists on the surgical management of adult congenital heart disease on the African continent. This study was undertaken to describe the clinical profile and surgical outcome of adult patients with congenital heart disease undergoing surgery in a single-center African study population.

Methods: A retrospective medical chart review of consecutive adult patients (≥18 years) undergoing congenital heart surgery between October 1995 and December 2015 at our institution was undertaken.

Bailout shunt/banding for backward left heart failure after adequate neonatal coarctectomy in borderline left hearts.

Objectives: To determine the outcome of a bailout procedure using the right ventricle to re-assist the left ventricle in neonates after technically adequate coarctectomy but a failing borderline left heart.

Methods: The surgical procedure was performed on bypass. A 'reversed' 6-mm surgical shunt was inserted between the pulmonary trunk and the descending aorta together with bilateral branch pulmonary artery banding.

The Fontan circulation after 45 years: update in physiology.

The Fontan operation was first performed in 1968. Since then, this operation has been performed on thousands of patients worldwide. Results vary from very good for many decades to very bad with a pleiad of complications and early death.

Effects of geolocators on hatching success, return rates, breeding movements, and change in body mass in 16 species of Arctic-breeding shorebirds.

Background: Geolocators are useful for tracking movements of long-distance migrants, but potential negative effects on birds have not been well studied. We tested for effects of geolocators (0.8-2.

Cracking a tricuspid perimount bioprosthesis to optimize a second transcatheter sapien valve-in-valve placement.

Bioprosthetic valves degenerate over time. Transcatheter valve-in-valve procedures have become an attractive alternative to surgery. However, every valve increasingly diminishes the diameter of the valvar orifice.