Three-dimensional Printing of Biomimetic Titanium Mimicking Trabecular Bone Induces Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation: An In-vitro Analysis.

Study Design: In vitro analysis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of three-dimensional (3D) printing of porous titanium on human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation.

Summary Of Background Data: A proprietary implant using three-dimensional porous titanium (3D-pTi) that mimics trabecu-lar bone structure, roughness, porosity, and modulus of elasticity was created (Ti-LIFE technology™, Spineart SA Switzerland).

Khat use and intimate partner violence in a refugee population: a qualitative study in Dollo Ado, Ethiopia.

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is the most common form of gender-based violence affecting women and girls worldwide and is exacerbated in humanitarian crises. There is evidence that substance use is associated with male perpetration of IPV. Consumption of khat -a plant containing amphetamines traditionally chewed in the horn of Africa and legal in some countries including Ethiopia-may increase risk of IPV toward women.