Transforming the food system in 'unprotected space': the case of diverse grain networks in England.

Transitioning to food systems that are equitable, resilient, healthy and environmentally sustainable will require the cultivation and diffusion of transformational sociotechnical innovations-and grassroots movements are an essential source of such innovations. Within the literature on strategic niche management, government-provided 'protected spaces' where niche innovations can develop without facing the pressures of the market is an essential part of sustainability transitions. However, because of their desire to rather than food systems, grassroots movements often struggle to acquire such protected spaces and so must determine how and where to generate change whilst being marginalised and exposed to unprotected spaces.

Enhancement of sonochemical production of hydroxyl radicals from pulsed cylindrically converging ultrasound waves.

Sonochemistry is the use of ultrasound to generate highly reactive radical species through the inertial collapse of a gas/vapour cavity and is a green alternative for hydrogen production, wastewater treatment, and chemical synthesis and modifications. Yet, current sonochemical reactors often are limited by their design, resulting in low efficacy and yields with slow reaction kinetics. Here, we constructed a novel sonochemical reactor design that creates cylindrically converging ultrasound waves to create an intense localised region of high acoustic pressure amplitudes (15 MPa) capable of spontaneously nucleating cavitation.

Impact of a Nontraditional Ambulatory Clinic Nurse Residency Program.

This study sought to answer how implementing a nontraditional ambulatory registered nurse (RN) residency program impacted confidence, role transition, and retention rates of nursing staff in the outpatient clinical setting. Results demonstrated that the program improved RNs' confidence in communication and perceived preparedness to complete individual professional responsibilities. As a result of this study, implementing a nontraditional RN ambulatory residency program should be considered to support RNs new to the ambulatory setting.

Bik Mediates Caspase-Dependent Cleavage of Viral Proteins to Promote Influenza A Virus Infection.

Influenza virus induces apoptosis in infected cells to promote viral replication by manipulating the host cell death signaling pathway. Although some Bcl-2 family proteins play a role in the replication of influenza A virus (IAV), the role of cell death pathways in the viral replication cycle is unclear. We investigated whether deficiency of the proapoptotic Bcl-2 family protein, Bik, plays a role in IAV replication.