Comparison of Predictable Ability Measure Using Examinations and Nursing Licensure Success.

End-of-program predictive examinations have been in existence in nursing education for over 10 years. Nursing schools have used these examinations to prepare students on the testable content from National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN), which has been delivering the NCLEX-RN since 1994. Nursing students, in the final semester of the nursing program, took the Predictable Ability Measurement Readiness (PAMR) 1 and/or 2.

Methylation-GC-MS/FID-Based Glycosidic Linkage Analysis of Unfractionated Polysaccharides in Red Seaweeds.

Glycosidic linkage analysis was conducted on the unfractionated polysaccharides in alcohol-insoluble residues (AIRs) prepared from six red seaweeds ( sp., sp., , sp.

Evaluation of Rumen Fermentation and Microbial Adaptation to Three Red Seaweeds Using the Rumen Simulation Technique.

Several red seaweeds have been shown to inhibit enteric CH4 production; however, the adaptation of fermentation parameters to their presence is not well understood. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of three red seaweeds (, , and ) on in vitro fermentation, CH4 production, and adaptation using the rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC). The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with four treatments, duplicated in two identical RUSITEC apparatus equipped with eight fermenter vessels each.

Effects of feeding a pine-based biochar to beef cattle on subsequent manure nutrients, organic matter composition and greenhouse gas emissions.

Biochar in ruminant diets is being assessed as a method for simultaneously improving animal production and reducing enteric CH emissions, but little is known about subsequent biochar-manure interactions post-excretion. We examined chemical properties, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and organic matter (OM) composition during farm scale stockpiling (SP) or composting (CP) of manure from cattle that either received a pine-based biochar in their diet (BM) or did not (RM). Manure piles were monitored hourly for temperature and weekly for top surface CO, NO and CH fluxes over 90 d in a semiarid location near Lethbridge, AB, Canada.

Molecular speciation and aromaticity of biochar-manure: Insights from elemental, stable isotope and solid-state DPMAS C NMR analyses.

The use of biochar (BC) in feedlot cattle diets has recently been explored as an approach to simultaneously improving animal production and reducing enteric methane (CH) emissions. This study examines the impact of BC on manure properties and whether BC affects manure composition and carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) outputs from feedlot steers offered a barley-based diet with BC at 0.0, 0.

Effect of a pine enhanced biochar on growth performance, carcass quality, and feeding behavior of feedlot steers.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of enhanced biochar (EB) on growth performance, carcass quality, and feeding behavior of feedlot steers fed high-forage and high-grain diets. A total of 160 crossbred steers (initial 286 ± 26 kg body weight [BW]) were blocked by BW and randomly assigned to 16 pens (10 steers per pen), 8 of which were equipped with the GrowSafe system for monitoring feeding behavior. Treatments were EB included in the diet at 0% (control), 0.

Pretreatment of crop residues by ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX) alters the temporal colonization of feed in the rumen by rumen microbes.

This study examines the colonization of barley straw (BS) and corn stover (CS) by rumen bacteria and how this is impacted by ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX) pre-treatment. A total of four ruminally cannulated beef heifers were used to investigate in situ microbial colonization in a factorial design with two crop residues, pre-treated with or without AFEX. Crop residues were incubated in the rumen for 0, 2, 4, 8 and 48 h and the colonizing profile was determined using 16 s rRNA gene sequencing.

Replacement of Soybean Meal With Soybean Cake Reduces Methane Emissions in Dairy Cows and an Assessment of a Face-Mask Technique for Methane Measurement.

The objective of this study was to (a) evaluate the effect of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with soybean cake (SBC) on feeding behavior, rumen fermentation, milk production, nutrient digestibility and CH emissions and (b) investigate whether a face-mask technique could be used to predict daily methane (CH) emissions in dairy cattle. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design, with 32 crossbred Holstein × Gyr cows (days in milk (DIM): 112 ± 25.1) randomly assigned to the following treatments ( = 8/group) for 75 days: (1) 0% SBC, (2) 6% SBC, (3) 14% SBC, and (4) 23% SBC, in place of SBM on a dry matter (DM) basis.

Automated early detection of obstetric complications: theoretic and methodologic considerations.

Compared with adults who are admitted to general medical-surgical wards, women who are admitted to labor and delivery services are at much lower risk of experiencing unexpected critical illness. Nonetheless, critical illness and other complications that put either the mother or fetus at risk do occur. One potential approach to prevention is to use automated early warning systems, such as those used for nonpregnant adults.

Unconventional Vegetable Oils for a Reduction of Methanogenesis and Modulation of Ruminal Fermentation.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of vegetable oils from plants grown in Brazil, first using the batch culture, and then evaluating the oil with methane (CH) reducing potential in an experiment. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design using the seven contrasting oils. Treatments consisted of a control and 3 increasing concentrations (0, 1, 2, and 5% v/v) of oil added to a tifton 85 hay samples.

Tucumã Oil Shifted Ruminal Fermentation, Reducing Methane Production and Altering the Microbiome but Decreased Substrate Digestibility Within a RUSITEC Fed a Mixed Hay - Concentrate Diet.

Tucumã oil is sourced from the fruit pulp of the tucumã tree and contains high concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids and carotenoids. Due to these properties it may have the potential to decrease enteric methane (CH) from ruminants when included in the diet. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of oil mechanically extracted from the fruit pulp of tucumã on fermentation characteristics, CH production and the microbial community using the rumen stimulation technique.

Humic Substances Alter Ammonia Production and the Microbial Populations Within a RUSITEC Fed a Mixed Hay - Concentrate Diet.

Humic substances are a novel feed additive which may have the potential to mitigate enteric methane (CH) production from ruminants as well as enhance microbial activity in the rumen. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of humic substances on fermentation characteristics and microbial communities using the rumen stimulation technique (RUSITEC). The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with 3 treatments duplicated in 2 runs (a 15-day period each run) with 2 replicates per run.

Tithonia diversifolia as a Supplementary Feed for Dairy Cows.

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of Tithonia diversifolia as a supplementary forage on dairy cow performance and methane production. Nine lactating Holstein × Zebu dairy cows (519 ± 53.3 kg of body weight and 66 ± 13.

Comparison of 3-dimensional with 2-dimensional saline infusion sonohysterograms for the evaluation of intrauterine abnormalities.

Objective: To compare 3-dimensional saline infusion sonohysterography (3DSIS) with 2-dimensional sonohysterography (2DSIS) using hysteroscopy and histologic diagnosis as the gold standard.

Method: A retrospective analysis of all SIS examination performed between July 1, 2005 and April 30, 2007 in our gynecological sonographic unit. 2DSIS or 3DSIS sonographic techniques were used randomly.