Electro-chemo-mechanics of anode-free solid-state batteries.

Anode-free solid-state batteries contain no active material at the negative electrode in the as-manufactured state, yielding high energy densities for use in long-range electric vehicles. The mechanisms governing charge-discharge cycling of anode-free batteries are largely controlled by electro-chemo-mechanical phenomena at solid-solid interfaces, and there are important mechanistic differences when compared with conventional lithium-excess batteries. This Perspective provides an overview of the factors governing lithium nucleation, growth, stripping and cycling in anode-free solid-state batteries, including mechanical deformation of lithium, the chemical and mechanical properties of the current collector, microstructural effects, and stripping dynamics.

Fracture Dynamics in Silicon Anode Solid-State Batteries.

Solid-state batteries (SSBs) with silicon anodes could enable improved safety and energy density compared to lithium-ion batteries. However, degradation arising from the massive volumetric changes of silicon anodes during cycling is not well understood in solid-state systems. Here, we use X-ray computed microtomography to reveal micro- to macro-scale chemo-mechanical degradation processes of silicon anodes in SSBs.

Synergistic Evolution of Alloy Nanoparticles and Carbon in Solid-State Lithium Metal Anode Composites at Low Stack Pressure.

Solid-state batteries with Li metal anodes can offer increased energy density compared to Li-ion batteries. However, the performance of pure Li anodes has been limited by morphological instabilities at the interface between Li and the solid-state electrolyte (SSE). Composites of Li metal with other materials such as carbon and Li alloys have exhibited improved cycling stability, but the mechanisms associated with this enhanced performance are not clear, especially at the low stack pressures needed for practical viability.

MYC Family Amplification Dictates Sensitivity to BET Bromodomain Protein Inhibitor Mivebresib (ABBV075) in Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for nearly 15% of all lung cancers. Although patients respond to first-line therapy readily, rapid relapse is inevitable, with few treatment options in the second-line setting. Here, we describe SCLC cell lines harboring amplification of MYC and MYCN but not MYCL1 or non-amplified MYC cell lines exhibit superior sensitivity to treatment with the pan-BET bromodomain protein inhibitor mivebresib (ABBV075).

Evaluation of and Current Trends in the Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Systematic Review.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are soft-tissue sarcomas that can occur anywhere in the digestive tract, with the stomach and small intestine being the most common locations. Because no imaging modalities diagnose GIST unequivocally, histological and immunohistochemical confirmation is usually required. Most GISTs are discovered by chance; hence, determining this condition's actual frequency can be challenging.

A Systematic Review on the Prevention and Control of Opportunistic Infections in Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Complicated by Richter's Transformation.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is one of the most commonly occurring types of leukemia among the elderly population, contributing to an increased vulnerability to infections that are especially prolific in the immunosuppressed and the risk of rapid progression of the disease into a more aggressive manifestation of large cell lymphoma, a process called Richter's Transformation (RT). CLL alone predisposes patients to develop infections; however, the additional complication of RT decreases survival and makes the prevention and control of infection for the CLL patient even more challenging. However, research that exists on preventing and controlling infection in CLL patients with RT is relatively limited.

Mefloquine effects on ventral tegmental area dopamine and GABA neuron inhibition: a physiologic role for connexin-36 GAP junctions.

Connexin-36 (Cx36) gap junctions (GJs) appear to be involved in the synchronization of GABA interneurons in many brain areas. We have previously identified a population of Cx36-connected ventral tegmental area (VTA) GABA neurons that may regulate mesolimbic dopamine (DA) neurotransmission, a system implicated in reward from both natural behaviors and drugs of abuse. The aim of this study was to determine the effect mefloquine (MFQ) has on midbrain DA and GABA neuron inhibition, and the role Cx36 GJs play in regulating midbrain VTA DA neuron activity in mice.