Population-level analysis of antibiotic use and death rates in beef feedlots over ten years in three cattle-feeding regions of the United States.

Objective: To assess antibiotic use and other factors associated with death rates in beef feedlots in 3 regions of the US over a 10-year period.

Sample: Data for 186,297 lots (groups) of finished cattle marketed between 2010 and 2019 were obtained from a database representing feedlots in the central, high, and north plains of the US.

Procedures: Descriptive statistics were generated.

Lifestyle weight-loss intervention outcomes in overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

The majority of people with type 2 diabetes are overweight or obese, and weight loss is a recommended treatment strategy. A systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to answer the following primary question: In overweight or obese adults with type 2 diabetes, what are the outcomes on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) from lifestyle weight-loss interventions resulting in weight losses greater than or less than 5% at 12 months? Secondary questions are: What are the lipid (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides) and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) outcomes from lifestyle weight-loss interventions resulting in weight losses greater than or less than 5% at 12 months? And, what are the weight and metabolic outcomes from differing amounts of macronutrients in weight-loss interventions? Inclusion criteria included randomized clinical trial implementing weight-loss interventions in overweight or obese adults with type 2 diabetes, minimum 12-month study duration, a 70% completion rate, and an HbA1c value reported at 12 months. Eleven trials (eight compared two weight-loss interventions and three compared a weight-loss intervention group with a usual care/control group) with 6,754 participants met study criteria.

Increasing percutaneous coronary interventions for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in the United States: progress and opportunity.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to quantify changes in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and mortality rates for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and the proportion of hospitals providing STEMI-related PCI in the United States.

Background: Health care systems have recently emphasized rapid access to PCI for STEMI, but the effects of these efforts in a broad population are unknown.

Methods: We used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, a discharge database representative of all short-term, nonfederal hospitals in the United States.

Incidence and causes of sudden death in U.S. college athletes.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to reliably define the incidence and causes of sudden death in college student-athletes.

Background: The frequency with which cardiovascular-related sudden death occurs in competitive athletes importantly influences considerations for pre-participation screening strategies.

Methods: We assessed databases (including autopsy reports) from both the U.

ST-elevation myocardial infarction diagnosed after hospital admission.

Background: Treatment times for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients presenting to percutaneous coronary intervention hospitals have improved dramatically over the past 10 years, particularly for patients using emergency medical services. Limited data exist regarding treatment times and outcomes for patients who develop STEMI after hospital admission.

Methods And Results: With the use of a comprehensive prospective regional STEMI program database, we evaluated the characteristics and outcomes for patients who develop STEMI after hospital admission.

Cardiovascular imaging trends in congenital heart disease: a single center experience.

Background: Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT are available in the recent era at many pediatric cardiac centers.

Objective: The aim was to provide a contemporary description of diagnostic imaging trends for definition of congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods: Echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, cardiac MRI, and cardiac CT use in patients with congenital heart disease at a single institution was retrospectively recorded (2005-2012).

Non-sedated, free breathing cardiac CT for evaluation of complex congenital heart disease in neonates.

Background: Neonates with complex congenital heart disease (CHD) are at risk of adverse events from anesthesia. CT angiography (CTA) performed free breathing and without sedation has not been reported for evaluation of complex CHD in neonates.

Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the image quality and risk of free breathing, non-sedated cardiac CTA for definition of CHD in the neonatal period and to determine accuracy compared with interventional findings.

Comparison of functional recovery following percutaneous coronary intervention for ST elevation myocardial infarction in three age groups (<70, 70 to 79, and ≥80 years).

Functional outcomes of elderly patients ≥80 years who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are unknown. Registry data indicate that up to 55% of elderly patients with STEMI do not receive reperfusion therapy despite a suggested mortality benefit, and only limited data are available regarding outcomes in elderly patients treated with primary PCI. Therefore, prospective data from a regional STEMI transfer program were analyzed to determine major adverse cardiac events, length of stay, and discharge status of consecutive patients with STEMI ≥80 years from March 2003 to November 2006.

Incidence of cardiovascular sudden deaths in Minnesota high school athletes.

Background: Sudden death (SD) in young competitive athletes due to cardiovascular disease is an important community issue with relevance to designing effective screening initiatives. However, the frequency with which these tragic events occur importantly affects considerations for selecting the most appropriate screening strategy.

Objective: To determine the incidence and causes of cardiovascular SDs in Minnesota high school athletes.

Outcome of performance-based removal and replacement decisions in commercial swine herds.

Objective: To evaluate the success of removal and replacement decisions in commercial swine herds when sow removal was attributed to problems with fertility, fecundity, or old age.

Design: Retrospective case-control study.

Animals: 3,000 sows removed from 3 commercial swine herds (case sows), 3,000 matched control sows retained in the herds, and 3,000 replacement gilts.