Critical decisions: A mixed-methods study of decision-making among diverse gynecologic cancer patients considering therapeutic clinical trial enrollment.

Objective: Participation in therapeutic clinical trials does not reflect the diversity of gynecologic cancer patients, limiting access to novel therapeutics and generalizability of results. Reasons for inequities in participation among historically underrepresented populations remain undertheorized, as studies have shown equal willingness to participate among groups. We sought to apply a precarity framework to conceptualize the factors that impact patients' desire to enroll, to improve equity in gynecologic oncology clinical trial participation.

"Care needs to be integrated" Patient and provider perspectives on a cancer shared-care model.

Purpose: Current early-stage breast and gynecological cancer care models often begin with a referral from a primary care provider (PCP) or gynecologist (OB/Gyn) and end with a patient being transitioned back to the referring provider at the completion of treatment. There is frequently little communication between oncologists and the referring provider during treatment, and this pattern continues after the patient completes their treatment.

Methods: We convened a diverse Patient Advisory Board (PAB) to identify areas where breast or gynecological cancer patients felt they could benefit from additional support during and after their cancer care.

Genome-scale functional genomics screening highlights genes impacting protein fucosylation in Chinese hamster ovary cells.

N-linked glycosylation is a common post-translational modification that has various effects on multiple types of proteins. The extent to which an N-linked glycoprotein is modified and the identity of glycans species involved is of great interest to the biopharmaceutical industry, since glycosylation can impact the efficacy and safety of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). mAbs lacking core fucose, for example, display enhanced clinical efficacy through increased antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.

Improving Sexual and Gender Minority Cancer Care: Patient and Caregiver Perspectives From a Multi-Methods Pilot Study.

Purpose: Up to 1 million lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (i.e., sexual and gender minority, SGM) individuals in the United States have histories of cancer.

Examining Disparities in Route of Surgery and Postoperative Complications in Black Race and Hysterectomy.

Objective: To estimate the associations among race, route of hysterectomy, and postoperative complications among women undergoing hysterectomy for benign indications.

Methods: A cohort study was performed. All patients undergoing hysterectomy for benign indications, recorded in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program and its targeted hysterectomy file in 2015, were identified.

Tinkering toward departure: The limits of improvisation in rural Ethiopian biomedical practices.

This paper explores Ethiopian physicians' responses to tensions produced by gaps between ideals of biomedicine and realities of clinical practice in two rural Ethiopian hospitals. Physicians engage in creativity and improvisation, including relying on informal networks and practices and tinkering within diagnoses and procedures, to overcome constraints of lack of resources and limited opportunities to engage in "good medicine." These courageous, but often unsuccessful attempts to mitigate professional and personal conflicts within their medical practices represent improvisation in impossible circumstances.

The CD100 receptor interacts with its plexin B2 ligand to regulate epidermal γδ T cell function.

γδ T cells respond rapidly to keratinocyte damage, providing essential contributions to the skin wound healing process. The molecular interactions regulating their response are unknown. Here, we identify a role for interaction of plexin B2 with the CD100 receptor in epithelial repair.

cDNA sequence and Fab crystal structure of HL4E10, a hamster IgG lambda light chain antibody stimulatory for γδ T cells.

Hamsters are widely used to generate monoclonal antibodies against mouse, rat, and human antigens, but sequence and structural information for hamster immunoglobulins is sparse. To our knowledge, only three hamster IgG sequences have been published, all of which use kappa light chains, and no three-dimensional structure of a hamster antibody has been reported. We generated antibody HL4E10 as a probe to identify novel costimulatory molecules on the surface of γδ T cells which lack the traditional αβ T cell co-receptors CD4, CD8, and the costimulatory molecule CD28.

The junctional adhesion molecule JAML is a costimulatory receptor for epithelial gammadelta T cell activation.

Gammadelta T cells present in epithelial tissues provide a crucial first line of defense against environmental insults, including infection, trauma, and malignancy, yet the molecular events surrounding their activation remain poorly defined. Here we identify an epithelial gammadelta T cell-specific costimulatory molecule, junctional adhesion molecule-like protein (JAML). Binding of JAML to its ligand Coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) provides costimulation leading to cellular proliferation and cytokine and growth factor production.