Remediation practices for health profession students and clinicians: An integrative review.

Background: The current state of practices in health care remediation is not well known. The purpose of this review is to characterize, assess, and present synthesized results of current student and professional remediation practices described in the literature.

Methods: This study used an integrative review process including article extraction and review, descriptive characterization and statistics, classification of levels of evidence, assessment of risk of bias, and examination of relationships between factors and types of remediation.

Assessing EHR Data for Use in Clinical Improvement and Research.

Data from electronic health records (EHRs) are becoming accessible for use in clinical improvement projects and nursing research. But the data quality may not meet clinicians' and researchers' needs. EHR data, which are primarily collected to document clinical care, invariably contain errors and omissions.

The Longitudinal Association of Late-Life Visual and Hearing Difficulty and Cognitive Function: The Role of Social Isolation.

Objectives: Sensory impairments are prevalent among older adults and have been associated with cognitive challenges in later life, yet mechanisms are less well understood. We examined the mediating role of social isolation in the longitudinal relationship between self-reported sensory difficulty and impaired cognitive functioning among older adults.

Methods: Data were taken from the NHATS Study, an annual survey of Medicare beneficiaries' age ≥ 65.

Sensory Disabilities and Social Isolation Among Hispanic Older Adults: Toward Culturally Sensitive Measurement of Social Isolation.

Objectives: Sensory disabilities, including vision disability and hearing disability, increase risk for social isolation, which is associated with multiple negative health outcomes. Existing literature suggests that the cultural value of familism may provide a buffer against social isolation. We examined the longitudinal trajectory of social isolation among Hispanic older adults with self-reported vision disability (SRVD) and self-reported hearing disability and tested a modified measure of social isolation incorporating familism.

Norwegian judges' knowledge of factors affecting eyewitness testimony: a 12-year follow-up.

Eyewitness evidence often plays a critical role in decisions made in the criminal justice system. To evaluate eyewitness testimony accurately, judges must be aware of factors that can contaminate this type of evidence. In 2008, a survey of judges in Norway revealed a lack of awareness of several factors that affect eyewitness testimony.

Predicting Pressure Injury in Critical Care Patients: A Machine-Learning Model.

Background: Hospital-acquired pressure injuries are a serious problem among critical care patients. Some can be prevented by using measures such as specialty beds, which are not feasible for every patient because of costs. However, decisions about which patient would benefit most from a specialty bed are difficult because results of existing tools to determine risk for pressure injury indicate that most critical care patients are at high risk.

Absorption of SO2(g) by TDAE[O2SSO2](s) to Give TDAE[O2SS(O)2SO2](s): Related Reactions of [NR4]2[O2SSO2](s) (R = CH3, C2H5).

One mole equivalent of gaseous SO2 is absorbed by purple TDAE[O2SSO2](s), producing red, essentially spectroscopically pure TDAE[O2SS(O)2SO2](s); under prolonged evacuation, the product loses SO2(g), regenerating TDAE[O2SSO2](s). Similarly, [NR4]2[O2SS(O)2SO2](s) (R = Et, Me) can be prepared, albeit at lower purity, from the corresponding tetraalkylammonium dithionites (prepared by a modification of the known [NEt4]2[O2SSO2](s) preparation). While the [NEt4](+) salt is stable at rt; the [NMe4](+) salt has only limited stability at -78 °C.

Glucocorticoid Steroid and Alendronate Treatment Alleviates Dystrophic Phenotype with Enhanced Functional Glycosylation of α-Dystroglycan in Mouse Model of Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy with FKRPP448L Mutation.

Fukutin-related protein-muscular dystrophy is characterized by defects in glycosylation of α-dystroglycan with variable clinical phenotypes, most commonly as limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2I. There is no effective therapy available. Glucocorticoid steroids have become the standard treatment for Duchenne and other muscular dystrophies with serious adverse effects, including excessive weight gain, immune suppression, and bone loss.

SMAD1/5 signaling in the early equine placenta regulates trophoblast differentiation and chorionic gonadotropin secretion.

TGFβ superfamily proteins, acting via SMAD (Sma- and Mad-related protein)2/3 pathways, regulate placental function; however, the role of SMAD1/5/8 pathway in the placenta is unknown. This study investigated the functional role of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)4 signaling through SMAD1/5 in terminal differentiation of primary chorionic gonadotropin (CG)-secreting trophoblast. Primary equine trophoblast cells or placental tissues were isolated from day 27-34 equine conceptuses.

Synthesis of (TDAE)(O2SSO2)(s) and discovery of (TDAE)(O2SSSSO2)(s) containing the first polythionite, [O2SSSSO2]2-.

Gaseous SO2 reacts with tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene (TDAE) in acetonitrile in a 2:1 stoichiometric ratio to give analytically pure insoluble purple (TDAE)(O2SSO2) (1) in about 80% yield. Crystals of (TDAE)(O2SSSSO2) (2) were obtained from orange solution over the purple solid. The Raman spectrum of [TDAE](2+) was established using (TDAE)(A) salts [A = 2Br(-), 2Br(-)·2H2O (X-ray), 2[Br3](-) (X-ray)].

Synthesis of [N(CH3)4]2O3SOSO2(s) and [N(CH3)4]2[(O2SO)2SO2]·SO2(s) containing (SO4)(SO2)x(2-) x = 1, 2, members of a new class of sulfur oxydianions.

One mole equivalent of SO2 reversibly reacts with [N(CH3)4]2SO4(s) to give [N(CH3)4]2S2O6(s) (1) containing the [O3SOSO2](2-), shown by Raman and IR to be an isomer of the [O3SSO3](2-) dianion. The experimental and calculated (B3PW91/6-311+G(3df)) vibrational spectra are in excellent agreement, and the IR spectrum is similar to that of the isoelectronic O3ClOClO2. Crystals of [N(CH3)4]2(O2SO)2SO2·SO2 (2) were isolated from solutions of [N(CH3)4]2SO4 in liquid SO2.

Drawings reflect a new dimension of the psychological impact of long-term remission of Cushing's syndrome.

Context And Objective: Drawings can be used to assess perceptions of patients about their disease. We aimed to explore the utility of the drawing test and its relation to illness perceptions, quality of life (QoL), and clinical disease severity in patients after long-term remission of Cushing's syndrome.

Design And Subjects: We conducted a cross-sectional study including 47 patients with long-term remission of Cushing's syndrome.

Teaching the concept curricula: theory and method.

Conceptual teaching in nursing education offers benefits over traditional content and fact-laden curricula, including the development of cognitive skills necessary for knowledge transfer across contexts and the ability to transform students into lifelong learners. The recent focus on active and learner-centered teaching techniques does not equate to learning conceptually, although it is a positive move away from teacher-centered techniques. A paucity of educational nursing literature exists that delineates both the theory and methods used to teach conceptually.

Use of a Web-based game to teach pediatric content to medical students.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess, using a Web-based format, third-year medical students' pediatric knowledge and perceptions of game playing with faculty facilitation compared with self-study computerized flash cards.

Methods: This study used a repeated-measures experimental design with random assignment to a game group or self-study group. Pediatric knowledge was tested using multiple choice exams at baseline, week 6 of the clerkship following a 4-week intervention, and 6 weeks later.

Assessing responsiveness of cancer-related fatigue instruments: distribution-based and individual anchor-based methods.

Background: The aims of the study were to examine the responsiveness of Chinese versions of the Cancer Fatigue Scale (C-CFS), the Schwartz Cancer Fatigue Scale-revised (C-SCFS-r), and the Fatigue Symptom Inventory (C-FSI) based on effect sizes and patient perceptions of change.

Method: Convenience sampling was used to recruit subjects at a chemotherapy treatment center for outpatients in Taiwan. Data were collected twice: on the day cancer patients were receiving chemotherapy treatment (T1) and 2 days post-treatment (T2).

Redundancy in a computer-generated order list: meeting the needs of nurses at various levels of practice expertise.

Paper-based clinical practice standards usually pertain to a single diagnosis or clinical condition. When a computerized provider order entry system applies multiple paper-based practice standards to one patient, it generates an order list containing redundant orders. Nurses respond to redundant orders on the basis of their level of nursing expertise with clinical care, computers, and practice standard domains.

Exploratory case method to determine the frequency of redundant orders within manually consolidated order lists.

A computerized provider order entry (CPOE) system can provide an efficient means of retrieving and consolidating order lists from multiple electronic clinical practice standards and protocols. However, the consolidated order list may contain exact duplicate or overlapping orders. Benner's framework for levels of nursing expertise can be used to explicate the variability of the nurse's responses to redundancies in order lists and the potential compromise to patient safety.

Prevalence of sleep disturbance and its relationship to pain in adults with chronic pain.

The study examined the prevalence and relationship between sleep disturbance and chronic pain. Research questions were: (1) What is the prevalence of sleep disturbance in adults with chronic pain, and how does this prevalence compare with healthy and insomniac adults? (2) What is the relationship between sleep disturbance and chronic pain? (3) What is the relationship of patient characteristics to sleep? This descriptive, correlational field study was done at an interdisciplinary pain clinic, sampling 99 adults, and using an 11-point pain scale and a visual analog sleep scale. For every disturbance item, more than 47% of subjects reported a score of 50 or higher, twice as high as those for healthy adults, indicating disrupted sleep.

Clinical decision support in critical care nursing.

A clinical decision support system (CDSS) is a computerized application that helps clinicians detect and prevent untoward clinical events such as drug interactions, errors of omission, and trends in symptomatology. A CDSS in healthcare usually is built around an alerting system based on rules of logic. The alerting system of a CDSS can notify clinicians immediately on clinical data entry, or it can generate alerts over time after relating data from multiple sources.

Effects of relaxation and imagery on the sleep of critically ill adults.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of relaxation and imagery on the sleep of critically ill adults. The study was an experimental clinical trial with random assignment to two groups. Analysis used repeated measures ANOVA.