Small scale design of experiment investigation of equilibrium solubility in simulated fasted and fed intestinal fluid.

It is widely recognised that drug solubility within the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) differs from values determined in a simple aqueous buffer and to circumvent this problem measurement in biorelevant fluids is determined. Biorelevant fluids are complex mixtures of components (sodium taurocholate, lecithin, sodium phosphate, sodium chloride, pancreatin and sodium oleate) at various concentrations and pH levels to provide systems simulating fasted (FaSSIF) or fed (FeSSIF) intestinal media. Design of Experiment (DoE) studies have been applied to investigate FaSSIF and FeSSIF and indicate that a drug's equilibrium solubility varies over orders of magnitude, is influenced by the drug type and individual or combinations of media components, with some of these interactions being drug specific.

The effectiveness of respiratory protection worn by communities to protect from volcanic ash inhalation. Part I: Filtration efficiency tests.

During volcanic eruptions and their aftermath, communities may be concerned about the impacts of inhaling volcanic ash. Access to effective respiratory protection (RP) is therefore important for many people in volcanic areas all over the world. However, evidence to support the use of effective RP during such crises is currently lacking.