Let the two sides of the same coin meet-Environmental health and safety-oriented development of functional nanomaterials for environmental remediations.

Nanotechnology and engineered nanomaterials have been at the forefront of technological breakthroughs of the 21st century. With the challenges of increasingly complex and emergent environmental pollution, nanotechnology offers exciting complementary approaches to achieve high efficiencies with low or green energy input. However, unknown and unintended hazardous effects and health risks associated with nanotechnology hinder its full-scale implementation.

ATF4 regulates mitochondrial dysfunction, mitophagy, and autophagy, contributing to corneal endothelial apoptosis under chronic ER stress in Fuchs' dystrophy.

Purpose: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, mitophagy/autophagy are known to contribute independently to corneal endothelial (CE) apoptosis in Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD). However, the role of a well-studied specific ER stress pathway (PERK-ATF4-CHOP) in regulating mitochondrial dysfunction, mitophagy/autophagy, and apoptosis is unknown. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of ATF4 in regulating mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy/autophagy, leading to CEnC apoptosis in FECD.

The circular RNA circNFIX regulates MEF2C expression in muscle satellite cells in spastic cerebral palsy.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a pediatric onset disorder with poorly understood molecular causes and progression, making early diagnosis difficult. Circular RNAs are regulatory RNAs that show promise as biomarkers in various diseases but the role of circular RNAs in CP is beginning to be understood. This study identified the role of circNFIX in regulating the expression of myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C), an important transcription factor for sarcomere development.

Novel Scoring System for Ranking Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Background: When human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched donors are not available for hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT), there are no well-accepted guidelines for ranking 7/8 HLA-matched unrelated donors to achieve optimal transplant outcomes. A novel scoring system for ranking HLA mismatches for these donors was investigated.

Methods: High-resolution HLA types were used to determine amino acid mismatches located in the HLA antigen-recognition domain.

Vaccine hesitancy and routine revaccination among adult HCT survivors in the United States: A convergent mixed methods analysis.

Revaccination to restore immunity to vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) is essential risk mitigation in the prevention of infectious morbidity and mortality after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). However, revaccination rates have been shown to be insufficient and to what extent vaccine hesitancy contributes to survivors not becoming fully revaccinated is unknown. We performed a cross-sectional, mixed methods survey-based study to explore how vaccine hesitancy influences revaccination among US adult HCT survivors who were 2 to 8 years after transplant.

Cancer-related Fear and Worry in Patients with Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Context: Little is known about how patients' emotions impact the choice between hemi- and total thyroidectomy (TT) for low-risk thyroid cancer (LR-TC) and how these emotions change after treatment.

Objective: To investigate thyroid cancer-specific fear and worry both before and after treatment of LR-TC with hemi- or TT.

Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled adults with confirmed or likely LR-TC at 15 institutions.

Screening, investigation and follow-up of neonates with small for gestational age in a metropolitan hospital in Australia-observational retrospective study.

Background: Infants with small for gestational age (SGA) have an increased risk of short and long-term health outcomes, with potentially modifiable risk factors. This study aims to determine the prenatal risk factors associated SGA and evaluate the clinical management of affected infants.

Methods: An observational retrospective study of medical records of infants born at Nepean Hospital and discharged with a diagnosis of SGA over 5 years (1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019).

Investigation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase-inhibiting herbicides that exhibit soybean crop selectivity.

The sustainable control of weed populations, particularly resistant species, is a significant challenge in agriculture around the world. The α-aryl-keto-enol (aryl-KTE) class of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicides represent a possible solution for the control of resistant grasses even though achieving crop selectivity remains a challenge. Herein, we present some of our investigations into identifying the most promising structural features within the aryl-KTE class that give the highest chance of achieving soybean crop selectivity, whilst also maintaining strong and broad efficacy against problematic weed species.

Barriers and facilitators to routine revaccination among adult Hematopoietic Cell Transplant survivors in the United States: A convergent mixed methods analysis.

Background: Hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) survivorship care includes recommendations for post-HCT revaccination to restore immunity to vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs). However, not all survivors agree to be vaccinated. No existing studies have comprehensively reported barriers and facilitators to adult HCT survivors completing revaccination.

A Peer Support Intervention in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT): The STEPP Proof-of-Concept Trial.

Although peer support interventions are associated with improved patient-reported outcomes in diverse cancer populations, structured peer support programs tailored to the needs of patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are lacking. This single-arm, proof-of-concept trial aimed to refine the Supporting Transplant Experiences with Peer Program (STEPP), a structured, five-session, manualized, phone-delivered peer support intervention for patients undergoing HSCT, informed by qualitative feedback from patients. Adult patients with hematologic malignancies scheduled to undergo allogeneic or autologous HSCT were eligible to participate in the study approximately two weeks prior to their HSCT hospitalization.

Associations Between Demographic Factors, Clinical Variables, Social Determinants of Health, Vaccine Hesitancy, Vaccine Behavior, and Revaccination Status: A Survey of Adult HCT Survivors in the United States.

Comprehensive survivorship care after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) includes revaccination to restore immunity to vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs). There is complexity to revaccination in this setting, and revaccination rates are sub-optimal. HCT survivors are at high-risk for morbidity and mortality from infections including VPDs, underscoring the importance of interventions to improve revaccination rates among survivors.

A quality improvement evaluation of a standardized intervention for children with medical complexity transitioning to adult care.

Children with medical complexity have medical fragility, chronic disease, technology dependence, and high healthcare use. Their transition to adult health care at age 18 involves medical and social elements and follows no standardized process. Our goal was to improve transition readiness in children with medical complexity using a transition intervention within a Complex Care program.

Decreasing chronic graft-versus-host disease rates in all populations.

Since 2005, there has been a steady decline in chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center. To better understand this phenomenon, we studied the risk of cGVHD requiring systemic immunosuppression (cGVHD-IS) as a function of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) date in 3066 survivors from 2005 through 2019. Cox regression models were fit to assess associations of HCT date (as a continuous linear variable) with cause-specific hazards of cGVHD using unadjusted and adjusted models.

Scaffold hopping approaches for the exploration of herbicidally active compounds inhibiting Acyl-ACP Thioesterase.

Background: The sustainable control of weed populations is a significant challenge facing farmers around the world. Although various methods for the control of weeds exist, the use of small molecule herbicides remains the most effective and versatile approach. Striving to find novel herbicides that combat resistant weeds via the targeting of plant specific modes of action (MoAs), we further investigated the bicyclic class of acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) thioesterase (FAT) inhibitors in an effort to find safe and efficacious lead candidates.

A Multicenter Phase II Trial of Ruxolitinib for Treatment of Corticosteroid Refractory Sclerotic Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease.

Purpose: Sclerotic chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) represents a highly morbid and refractory form of cGVHD, and novel therapies for sclerotic cGVHD are critically needed. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of ruxolitinib in patients with corticosteroid refractory sclerotic cGVHD.

Patients And Methods: In a single-arm multicenter phase II trial (N = 47), adults with sclerotic cGVHD refractory to corticosteroids and ≥one additional line of systemic therapy for cGVHD received ruxolitinib for ≥six months (ClinicalTrials.