Electromyographic Responses Across Different Pulse-Widths of Sacral Neuromodulation in Sheep.

Objectives: In rodents, we reported that short pulse-width (PW) neuromodulation might provide more efficient therapy delivery than traditional 0.21 msec PW. Using fully implanted, commercialized systems in the sheep, the goal of this study was to characterize the relationship of electromyographic (EMG) responses of the external anal sphincter (EAS) to different PWs of sacral neuromodulation (SNM).

Mechanosensitive transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 regulates -induced airway remodeling 2 distinct pathways modulating matrix synthesis and degradation.

Contributions of mechanical signals to airway remodeling during asthma are poorly understood. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), a mechanosensitive ion channel, has been implicated in cardiac and pulmonary fibrosis; however, its role in asthma remains elusive. Employing a -induced asthma model, we report here that TRPV4-knockout mice were protected from -induced airway remodeling.