Too beautiful to be fake: Attractive faces are less likely to be judged as artificially generated.

Technological advances render the distinction between artificial (e.g., computer-generated faces) and real stimuli increasingly difficult, yet the factors driving our beliefs regarding the nature of ambiguous stimuli remain largely unknown.

Comparison of At-Home Versus In-Clinic Receipt of Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine.

Background: The need for frequent travel to a clinic could impair access to injectable antiretroviral therapy for persons living with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. We hypothesized that allowing persons receiving treatment with long-acting injectable cabotegravir plus rilpivirine (LA CAB/RPV) to receive and store the medication in their own refrigerator prior to in-home administration by a healthcare provider would be as safe and effective as receiving treatment in a clinic.

Methods: Persons prescribed LA CAB/RPV in the Infectious Diseases clinic at the Medical University of South Carolina were offered enrollment in this non-randomized, observational study between August 2021 and December 2022.

Multimodal optical imaging of the oculofacial region using a solid tissue-simulating facial phantom.

Significance: Spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) applies patterned near-infrared illumination to quantify the optical properties of subsurface tissue. The periocular region is unique due to its complex ocular adnexal anatomy. Although SFDI has been successfully applied to relatively flat tissues, regions that have significant height variations and curvature may result in optical property inaccuracies.

Effect of Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor Use on Time to HIV Viral Suppression before Delivery.

Objectives: We sought to determine whether pregnant individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prescribed integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) antiretrovirals (ARVs) achieve viral suppression faster than individuals taking non-INSTI regimens and to determine whether there were differences in viral suppression at delivery among INSTI ARVs.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of pregnant individuals with HIV who delivered a live infant during the study period (January 1, 2009-December 31, 2020). Patients' ARV therapy (ART) was classified as including INSTI or non-INSTI.

A novel visual illusion paradigm provides evidence for a general factor of illusion sensitivity and personality correlates.

Visual illusions are a gateway to understand how we construct our experience of reality. Unfortunately, important questions remain open, such as the hypothesis of a common factor underlying the sensitivity to different types of illusions, as well as of personality correlates of illusion sensitivity. In this study, we used a novel parametric framework for visual illusions to generate 10 different classic illusions (Delboeuf, Ebbinghaus, Rod and Frame, Vertical-Horizontal, Zöllner, White, Müller-Lyer, Ponzo, Poggendorff, Contrast) varying in strength, embedded in a perceptual discrimination task.

Impact of Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor Use During Pregnancy on Viral Suppression at Delivery and Infant Outcomes: A Statewide Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: We sought to determine whether pregnant women with HIV prescribed integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) were more likely to have viral suppression at delivery and any increased risk of adverse infant outcomes.

Methods: This was a retrospective, statewide cohort study of women with HIV and their HIV-exposed infants who delivered in South Carolina from 2008 to 2019. Women's antenatal AVRs were classified as INSTI or non-INSTI.

Contemporary Issues in Pregnancy (and Offspring) in the Current HIV Era.

Purpose Of Review: Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) has dramatically reduced mother to child transmission of HIV, data continue to mount that infants exposed to HIV in utero but are not infected (HEU) have serious negative health consequences compared to unexposed infants. This review evaluates recent literature on contemporary issues related to complications seen in pregnant women with HIV and their offspring.

Recent Findings: Current studies show that HEU infants are at a high risk of adverse outcomes, including premature birth, poor growth, neurodevelopmental impairment, immune dysfunction, infectious morbidity, and death.

Individualized 131I-mIBG therapy in the management of refractory and relapsed neuroblastoma.

Objective: Iodine-131-labelled meta-iodobenzylguanidine (I-mIBG) therapy is an established treatment modality for relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma, most frequently administered according to fixed or weight-based criteria. We evaluate response and toxicity following a dosimetry-based, individualized approach.

Materials And Methods: A review of 44 treatments in 25 patients treated with I-mIBG therapy was performed.

Calibration and validation of the 2WIN photoscreener compared to the PlusoptiX S12 and the SPOT.

Purpose: Pediatricians are interested in the amblyopia detection ability of photoscreeners, whereas ophthalmologists ponder their value as autorefractors. The 2WIN (Adaptica, Padova, Italy) is a new device capable of estimating refractive error and ocular alignment by infrared photoscreening.

Methods: Sequential pediatric eye patients with a high (56% to 60%) prescreening prevalence of amblyopia risk factors were screened with the PlusoptiX S12 (PlusoptiX, Inc.

Detection of outlier loci and their utility for fisheries management.

Genetics-based approaches have informed fisheries management for decades, yet remain challenging to implement within systems involving recently diverged stocks or where gene flow persists. In such cases, genetic markers exhibiting locus-specific ('outlier') effects associated with divergent selection may provide promising alternatives to loci that reflect genome-wide ('neutral') effects for guiding fisheries management. Okanagan Lake kokanee (Oncorhynchus nerka), a fishery of conservation concern, exhibits two sympatric ecotypes adapted to different reproductive environments; however, previous research demonstrated the limited utility of neutral microsatellites for assigning individuals.

Critical factors for assembling a high volume of DNA barcodes.

Large-scale DNA barcoding projects are now moving toward activation while the creation of a comprehensive barcode library for eukaryotes will ultimately require the acquisition of some 100 million barcodes. To satisfy this need, analytical facilities must adopt protocols that can support the rapid, cost-effective assembly of barcodes. In this paper we discuss the prospects for establishing high volume DNA barcoding facilities by evaluating key steps in the analytical chain from specimens to barcodes.