Dosing Cefazolin for Surgical Site Infection Prophylaxis in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Surgery: Intermittent Bolus or Continuous Infusion?-A Pilot Study.

Cefazolin may minimize the risk of surgical site infection (SSI) following posterior spinal fusion (PSF) for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Cefazolin dosing recommendations vary and there is limited evidence for achieved tissue concentrations. We performed a randomized, controlled, prospective pharmacokinetic pilot study of 12 patients given cefazolin by either intermittent bolus (30 mg/kg every 3 h) or continuous infusion (30 mg/kg bolus followed by 10/mg/kg per hour) during PSF for AIS.

Does Transitioning to a Brace Improve HRQoL After Casting for Early Onset Scoliosis?

Background: Serial casting is favored for the initial treatment of early onset scoliosis (EOS), but there is concern about significant morbidity and caregiver burden. Studies have examined the utility of bracing as an alternative to casting, but little is known about differences in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) between treatments. We hypothesized that patients with a diagnosis of idiopathic EOS experience an improvement in HRQoL when transitioning from serial casting to bracing as measured by the 24-Item Early Onset Scoliosis Questionnaire (EOSQ).

Spica Casting of Pediatric Femur Fractures: The Pain Management Experience at One Institution.

Objectives Currently, very little literature exists regarding the "fifth vital sign" in pediatric orthopedics, pain. Multiple studies have highlighted the utility of non-narcotic pain medications in treating acute pain. The objective of this study is to determine the type and amount of pain medication(s) administered and subsequently prescribed to pediatric patients ages six months to five years old with femur fractures treated with spica casting in the ER (emergency room) and OR (operative room).

Corrective Osteotomy and Physeal Bar Resection for Distal Radial Physeal Arrest After Flexible Nailing: A Case Report.

Case: A 9-year-old girl developed a physeal bar after flexible nailing for a proximal radius fracture. The patient presented 2 years after initial injury with gross deformity of the wrist with confirmed physeal bar. The patient underwent physeal bar resection, cement interposition, and corrective osteotomy with improvement of radial height, wrist deformity, and function.

Global Spine Range of Motion in Patients With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Before and After Corrective Surgery.

Given the importance of the spine in carrying out daily movements, adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) can significantly limit the range of motion (ROM). Severe forms of AIS are treated surgically, most commonly with posterior spinal fusion and instrumentation, which may also reduce spine ROM. This review is the first to describe the literature on total spine ROM in patients with AIS before and after corrective surgery.

Midterm Results of the Ponseti Method for Treatment of Clubfoot in Patients With Spina Bifida.

Background: Clubfoot occurs in 30% to 50% of patients with spina bifida. The Ponseti casting method has changed treatment of idiopathic clubfoot to a primarily nonoperative regimen. The Ponseti method is now widely applied to clubfoot in spina bifida, however, few studies report treatment outcomes.

Women in Orthopaedic Surgery: Population Trends in Trainees and Practicing Surgeons.

Background: American medical schools have gradually achieved balance in the sex of medical graduates over the past 4 decades. However, orthopaedic surgery has remained disproportionately male-dominated. Our aim was to quantify this discrepancy across surgical specialties at the residency training and academic faculty levels.

Which Proximal Humerus Fractures Should Be Pinned? Treatment in Skeletally Immature Patients.

Most proximal humerus fractures in skeletally immature individuals are treated nonoperatively with excellent functional results. Extensive remodeling of the proximal humerus and the wide arc of motion of the glenohumeral joint accommodate a large degree of fracture displacement and angulation. The treatment of severely displaced fractures and/or severely angulated fractures continues to be debated.

Minimally invasive staging of endometrial cancer is feasible and safe in elderly women.

Study Objective: To compare the surgical outcome of elderly and younger patients undergoing laparoscopic or robotic surgical staging of endometrial cancer.

Design: Retrospective analysis (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).

Setting: University-affiliated hospital.