The Impact of Prescription Drug Coverage on Disparities in Adherence and Medication Use: A Systematic Review.

Prescription drug cost-sharing is a barrier to medication adherence, particularly for low-income and minority populations. In this systematic review, we examined the impact of prescription drug cost-sharing and policies to reduce cost-sharing on racial/ethnic and income disparities in medication utilization. We screened 2,145 titles and abstracts and identified 19 peer-reviewed papers that examined the interaction between cost-sharing and racial/ethnic and income disparities in medication adherence or utilization.

The effect of oral nutrition supplements and appetite stimulants on weight status among pediatric cancer patients: A systematic review.

The objective of this study was to identify the use and impact of oral nutrition supplements (ONSs) and appetite stimulants on weight status among pediatric patients diagnosed with malignancy. We performed a literature search of trials using Medline PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and included all prospective studies except review articles and case-reports/series that assessed ONSs or appetite stimulants among patients (0-20 years old) diagnosed with a pediatric malignancy. Databases were searched through May 17, 2022.

Frequency and Types of Healthcare Encounters in the Week Preceding a Sepsis Hospitalization: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: Early recognition and treatment are critical to improving sepsis outcomes. We sought to identify the frequency and types of encounters that patients have with the healthcare system in the week prior to a sepsis hospitalization.

Data Sources: PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library.

Scoping Review: Ethical Considerations in Online Ethnographic Research With Military Populations.

Researchers using online ethnographic methods to study military communities must employ higher standards of ethical practice. Military populations may face significant risk if reidentified in research. These requirements are especially salient for online data collection.

Health-Related Quality of Life After Polytrauma: A Systematic Review.

Background: Following hospital discharge after traumatic injuries, many patients' rehabilitation is inhibited by poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Objective: The purpose of this review is to identify factors that influence the HRQoL of polytrauma patients after hospital discharge.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in CINAHL and PubMed databases for English-language articles published between January 2015 and January 2020.

Prenatal Ultrasound Measurement of Fetal Stomach Size Is Predictive of Postnatal Development of GERD in Isolated Cleft Lip and/or Palate.

Objective: To determine whether prenatal ultrasound measurement of fetal stomach size, as a surrogate marker of fetal swallowing, is predictive of postnatal development of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in cases of isolated cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P).

Design: This is a retrospective case-control study. The outcome of interest is postnatal diagnosis of GERD in isolated CL/P.

Risk and protective factors of dementia among adults with post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with an increased risk of dementia. Individual epidemiological studies have controlled for several confounders of the relationship between PTSD and increased dementia risk, yet particular risk factors underlying this relationship have not been determined. This systematic review protocol aims to identify risk and protective factors of dementia among adults with PTSD.

Prospective randomized controlled trial comparing cephalad migration in robotic gynecologic surgery using egg-crate foam versus the Pink Pad.

The objectives of the study were to compare the cephalad migration of two patient positioning pads used in robotic gynecologic surgery and to determine if any correlation exists between cephalad movement and time in Trendelenburg position or body mass index. This was a prospective randomized controlled open-label trial (Canadian Task Force classification I). Sixty women undergoing robotic-assisted laparoscopic gynecologic surgery were randomized to the Pink Pad system or egg-crate foam pre-operatively.

Sanctioning of Illegal and Dangerous Ruck Cleanouts During the 2018 Super Rugby Competition.

Rugby is a high contact sport that results in many injuries. The majority of injuries at senior elite levels result from contact phases during match-play. It is estimated that 10% of all match injuries are associated with the ruck in professional and community rugby.

Intrauterine growth restriction and prematurity influence regulatory T cell development in newborns.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of birth weight and gestational age with regulatory T cells (Tregs) in cord blood of human newborns.

Methods: Cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs) of 210 newborns were analyzed using flow cytometry to identify Tregs (CD3(+), CD4(+), CD25(high), FoxP3(high)) and measure FoxP3 mean fluorescence intensity (MFI). Suppressive index (SI) was calculated as FoxP3 MFI per Treg.