Transobturator vaginal tape inside out for treatment of urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence in female dogs: cadaveric study and preliminary study in continent female dogs.

Objectives: (1) To describe a surgical technique adapted from the "transobturator vaginal tape inside-out" (TVT-O) used in women and to define the trajectory of the tape on canine cadavers, and (2) to determine the urodynamic and morphological effects of the TVT-O in continent bitches.

Study Design: Cadaveric and experimental in vivo study.

Animals: Fresh female canine cadavers (n=12) and spayed female Beagle dogs (2).

Fast porous visco-hyperelastic soft tissue model for surgery simulation: application to liver surgery.

Understanding and modeling liver biomechanics represents a significant challenge due to its complex nature. In this paper, we tackle this issue in the context of real-time surgery simulation where a compromise between biomechanical accuracy and computational efficiency must be found. We describe a realistic liver model including hyperelasticity, porosity and viscosity that is implemented within an implicit time integration scheme.