Clinical Features and Neurosurgical Management of Metastatic Intradural Extramedullary Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Intradural extramedullary metastasis of renal cell carcinoma is exceedingly uncommon, and only 19 cases have been reported in the literature. It is thought to metastasize from the kidneys through venous networks or along nerves and may also spread from brain metastases through cerebrospinal fluid. We present a 52-year-old female, two years after a nephrectomy with myelopathic symptoms, who was found to have thoracic intradural extramedullary metastasis from renal cell carcinoma.

Kyphosis Correction in Patients Undergoing a Four-Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion.

Introduction Cervical kyphotic deformity can be quite debilitating. Most patients present with neck pain, but they can also present with radiculopathy, myelopathy, altered vertical gaze, swallowing problems, and even cosmetic issues from the severe kyphotic deformity. After failing conservative management, surgery remains the only option for halting symptom progression.