Hemoglobin-oxygen affinity changes in neonatal blood transfusions: RBC selection insights.

Background: Despite preterm newborns often requiring blood transfusions, we have an incomplete understanding of the impact of adult packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusions on fetal red blood cell (RBC) oxygen affinity. We investigated the influence of adult pRBC on oxygen binding in fetal RBCs obtained from the umbilical cord of preterm newborns. This included exploring the influence of the biological age of adult pRBCs on the oxygen affinity of fetal blood.

Management of vernal keratoconjunctivitis: Navigating a changing treatment landscape.

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic, progressive, and potentially sight-threatening form of ocular inflammatory disease that primarily affects children and young adults. Prevalence varies by region, ranging from <2 per 10,000 in the United States to as high as 1,100 per 10,000 in parts of Africa. The rarity of VKC in developed countries can make differential diagnosis challenging, and treatment is often delayed until the disease is advanced, and symptoms are significantly impacting patients' quality of life.

Early Experience With Full-scope Shared-care Teleglaucoma in Canada.

Prcis: Large Canadian full-scope, shared-care teleglaucoma facilitates efficient management and diversion of medically stable patients away from overburdened subspecialty clinics while allowing patients the convenience of shorter travel, shorter wait time, and continuity with one provider. This report shares Care1 protocol, early patient characteristics, and quality data.

Purpose: This paper describes early experience with Care1, a large full-scope, shared-care teleglaucoma program.

Reducing discomfort of eye drops prior to retinal examination in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness in reducing pain by giving oral sucrose and non-pharmacological comfort measures prior to topical administration of mydriatic eye drops on premature infants undergoing retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening eye exams in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Study Design: A prospective quality improvement study was conducted in the NICU where infants were given oral sucrose prior to administration of mydriatic eye drops while a second person performed facilitated tucking and containment. Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP) scores were recorded during eye drop administration and compared to a group that did not receive any comfort measures.

The terrible truth about toppling televisions.

Objective: To determine the profile of children's injuries resulting from television tipovers and to evaluate the potential in a paediatric health centre for television sets to be tipped by young children.

Design: The present study was conducted by case report review, a retrospective audit of a regional subset of the Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program database, and prospective testing of all child-accessible television sets for potential tipping using a static model of a climbing child.

Setting: Children attending the emergency department of a regional paediatric health centre who reported injuries resulting from a television tipover to the Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program were studied.

The natural history of surgically untreated intermittent exotropia-looking into the distant future.

Purpose: We studied patients with distance intermittent exotropia with at least 5 years follow-up before any surgical therapy, to determine how often amblyopia developed, whether there was progressive worsening in the angle or control of the exodeviation, whether there was deterioration in binocular vision, and other parameters.

Methods: Retrospective review of charts of patients with exodeviations examined consecutively over 17 years.

Results: There were 109 patients followed for a mean of 9 years (range 5 to 25).