Measuring attitudes towards ethnic minority patients: the revalidated REMP-3 instrument for graduate healthcare practitioners.

Objective: Measuring intercultural attitudes can aid in understanding and addressing persistent inequities in healthcare. Instead of creating new instruments, several sources call for a more rigorous revalidation of existing instruments towards a more broad population. As an example of such an existing instrument, the EMP-3 (Ethnic Minority Patients) focuses on the attitudes of physicians towards ethnic minority patients.

Barriers and facilitators to culturally sensitive care in general practice: a reflexive thematic analysis.

Background: This study investigated the perceived barriers and potential facilitators for culturally sensitive care among general practitioners in Flanders. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for improving healthcare quality and equity.

Methodology: Twenty-one in-depth interviews were conducted with Flemish GPs.

Views on advance care planning of family members of older adults with Turkish and Moroccan backgrounds: An exploratory interview study.

Background: Significantly fewer individuals with migration backgrounds than native-born individuals undertake advance care planning. Older adults with Turkish and Moroccan backgrounds represent one of the largest ageing non-Western minority groups in Europe. Their relatives could play important roles in facilitating or hindering advance care planning, but their views remain underexplored.

"Trying to write a story together": general practitioners' perspectives on culturally sensitive care.

Background: Culturally sensitive care is integral to effective and equitable healthcare delivery, necessitating an understanding and acknowledgment of patients' cultural needs, preferences, and expectations. This study investigates the perceptions of cultural sensitivity among general practitioners (GPs), focusing on their intentions, willingness and perceived responsibilities in providing care tailored to cultural needs.

Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 21 Flemish GPs to explore their perspectives on culturally sensitive care.

The patient perspective on diversity-sensitive care: a systematic review.

Background: The provision of diversity-sensitive care is a promising approach towards reducing health disparities. Recent criticism and a scientific gap demonstrate the need for the patient perspective on diversity-sensitive care. This systematic review aims to describe the patient perspective, including patient experiences, expectations, and satisfaction with diversity-sensitive care provided by healthcare providers.

Intercultural effectiveness in GPs' communication and clinical assessment: An experimental study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate potential disparities in general practitioners' overall communication and clinical assessments based on patient ethnicity, while examining the influence of intercultural effectiveness.

Methods: Employing a 2 × 2 experimental study design, online video recorded consultations with simulated patients were conducted and analyzed using OSCEs. Each GP (N = 100) completed a consultation with both an ethnic majority and an ethnic minority patient.

Individual, interpersonal, and organisational factors associated with discrimination in medical decisions affecting people with a migration background with mental health problems: the case of general practice.

Objectives: Although people with a migration background (MB) have more unmet mental health needs than the general population, patients with a MB are still underrepresented in mental health care services. Provider bias towards these patients has been evidenced repeatedly but its driving factors remain elusive. We assessed the moderating effect of the individual (e.

Advance care planning among older adults in Belgium with Turkish backgrounds and palliative care needs: A qualitative interview study.

Background: Data on advance care planning (ACP) among migrants in Europe is lacking. Research has shown that few older migrants in the United States perform ACP due to healthcare system distrust, collectivistic values and spirituality/religion.

Objectives: To explore the ACP knowledge and perspectives of older Turkish-origin adults in Belgium requiring palliative care.

Advance care planning among older adults of Moroccan origin: An interview-based study.

Objective: To explore advance care planning (ACP)-related knowledge, experience, views, facilitators and barriers among older Moroccan adults in Belgium.

Method: General practitioners (GPs) recruited participants for semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using the constant comparative method.

Intercultural Competence Predicts Intercultural Effectiveness: Test of an Integrative Framework.

Why does someone thrive in intercultural situations; while others seem to struggle? In 2014, Leung and colleagues summarized the literature on intercultural competence and intercultural effectiveness into a theoretical framework. This integrative framework hypothesizes that the interrelations between intercultural traits, intercultural attitudes and worldviews, and intercultural capabilities predict the effectiveness with which individuals respond to intercultural situations. An empirically verified framework can contribute to understanding intercultural competence and effectiveness in health care workers, thus contributing to more equity in health care.

Mental Health of Refugees and Migrants during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Experienced Discrimination and Daily Stressors.

The COVID-19 pandemic is a defining global health crisis of our time. While the impact of COVID-19, including its mental health impact, is increasingly being documented, there remain important gaps regarding the specific consequences of the pandemic on particular population groups, including refugees and migrants. This study aims to uncover the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of refugees and migrants worldwide, disentangling the possible role of social and daily stressors, i.

Advance Care Planning Among Older Adults of Turkish Origin in Belgium: Exploratory Interview Study.

Context: Although conversations about future medical treatment and end-of-life care are considered to be important, ethnic minorities are much less engaged in advance care planning (ACP).

Objectives: To explore ACP knowledge, experiences, views, facilitators, and barriers among older adults of Turkish origin in Belgium.

Methods: This qualitative study was based on constant comparative analysis of semistructured interview content.

Emotional Communication in HIV Care: An Observational Study of Patients' Expressed Emotions and Clinician Response.

Emotional support is essential to good communication, yet clinicians often miss opportunities to provide empathy to patients. Our study explores the nature of emotional expressions found among patients new to HIV care, how HIV clinicians respond to these expressions, and predictors of clinician responses. Patient-provider encounters were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded using the VR-CoDES.

How family physicians respond to unpleasant emotions of ethnic minority patients.

Objective: The diversity in our society makes patient-centered care more difficult. In this study, we aim to describe how family physicians respond to unpleasant emotions of ethnic minority patients.

Methods: One hundred ninety one consultations of family physicians with ethnic minority patients were video-recorded and analyzed using the Verona Codes for Provider Responses (VR-CoDES-P) to describe physicians' responses to patients' expressed unpleasant emotions or cues (implicit) and concerns (explicit).

The social gradient in doctor-patient communication.

Objective: In recent years, the importance of social differences in the physician-patient relationship has frequently been the subject of research. A 2002 review synthesised the evidence on this topic. Considering the increasing importance of social inequalities in health care, an actualization of this review seemed appropriate.

Language, culture and emotions: exploring ethnic minority patients' emotional expressions in primary healthcare consultations.

Objective: This study explores ethnic minority patients' expression of emotional cues and concerns in primary healthcare, and examines relationships with patient, provider and consultation attributes.

Methods: 191 video-recorded consultations were analyzed using the VR-CoDES. Patients were interviewed before the consultation.

Development and validation of EMP-3: an instrument to measure physician's attitudes toward ethnic minority patients.

Background And Objectives: The growing diversity of patient populations challenges health care providers. Physicians' attitudes and perceptions toward cultural diversity in health care could be partly contributing to difficulties in communication between physicians and ethnic minority patients. To evaluate these attitudes and perceptions, an instrument was developed and validated.

Teaching communication skills to medical students, a challenge in the curriculum?

Introduction: As communication skills become more and more important in medical practice, the new medical curriculum at Ghent University (1999) implemented a communication curriculum.

Method: Communication training or experiences in 'real life' settings are provided every year of the medical curriculum. The training starts with simple basic skills but gradually slips into medical communication or consultation training and results in communication in different contextual situations or with special groups of patients.