Pulmonary Co-Infections Detected Premortem Underestimate Postmortem Findings in a COVID-19 Autopsy Case Series.

Bacterial and fungal co-infections are reported complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in critically ill patients but may go unrecognized premortem due to diagnostic limitations. We compared the premortem with the postmortem detection of pulmonary co-infections in 55 fatal COVID-19 cases from March 2020 to March 2021. The concordance in the premortem versus the postmortem diagnoses and the pathogen identification were evaluated.

Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake and Reasons for Vaccine Hesitancy Among New York State Refugees.

Purpose: Resettled refugees in the U.S. face a disproportionately high risk of COVID-19 exposure, infection, and death.

Advancing Community-Based Participatory Research During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Methods Commentary on the Lessons Learned from Working with Community Data Collectors on a Refugee Health Disparities Study.

This methods commentary focuses on lessons learned from working with community data collectors on a refugee health disparities study during the COVID-19 pandemic. While there is a strong literature base for community health workers in refugee or migrant communities, there is less known about the procedural elements, challenges, and effectiveness of using community data collectors (CDCs) in research with refugee or migrant communities. Recognizing the cultural wealth and unique strengths of local stakeholders in the refugee community, the research team employed a robust collaborative approach by partnering with CDCs to design and administer the .

Essential but Excluded: Using Critical Race Theory to Examine COVID-19 Economic Relief Policies for Undocumented US Workers.

Following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, undocumented immigrants in the United States were vulnerable both to unemployment to COVID-19 infection if they did remain employed, because of the sectors that employ them. Despite these heightened economic vulnerabilities, 7.8 million undocumented workers were excluded from federal economic relief policies.

A Disfiguring Rash.

Patients with rheumatologic conditions can have complex dermatologic manifestations. In addition, immunosuppressing treatment for autoimmune disorders can also increase incidence of infectious complications. Skin conditions in rheumatologic patients present particular challenges and this case highlights a rare infectious complication.

HIV-1 Engages a Dynein-Dynactin-BICD2 Complex for Infection and Transport to the Nucleus.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection depends on efficient intracytoplasmic transport of the incoming viral core to the target cell nucleus. Evidence suggests that this movement is facilitated by the microtubule motor dynein, a large multiprotein complex that interacts with dynactin and cargo-specific adaptor proteins for retrograde movement via microtubules. Dynein adaptor proteins are necessary for activating dynein movement and for linking specific cargoes to dynein.

A comparison of single quadrupole mass detection and diode array ultraviolet detection interfaced to ultra-high performance supercritical chromatography for the quantitative analysis of synthetic cathinones.

A comparison of single quadruple mass spectrometry and diode array-ultraviolet (PDA-UV) detection interfaced to ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography was performed for the quantitative analysis of synthetic cathinones. Synthetic cathinones, also known as "bath salts", are derived from cathinone, a component of the khat plant. For 15 controlled solutes linearity, repeatability, and limits of detection were determined using both UV and MS detection.

Inhibitors of the HIV-1 capsid, a target of opportunity.

Purpose Of Review: To summarize recent advances in the discovery of chemical inhibitors targeting the HIV capsid and research on their mechanisms of action.

Recent Findings: HIV infection is critically dependent on functions of the viral capsid. Numerous studies have reported the identification of a variety of compounds that bind to the capsid protein; some of these inhibit reverse transcription and nuclear entry, steps required for infection.

Comparison of ultra high performance supercritical fluid chromatography, ultra high performance liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography for the separation of synthetic cathinones.

A comparison of ultra high performance supercritical fluid chromatography, ultra high performance liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography for the separation of synthetic cathinones has been conducted. Nine different mixtures of bath salts were analyzed in this study. The three different chromatographic techniques were examined using a general set of controlled synthetic cathinones as well as a variety of other synthetic cathinones that exist as positional isomers.

The role of diode array ultraviolet detection for the identification of synthetic cathinones.

The utility of diode array ultraviolet (UV) detection for aiding in the identification of synthetic cathinones, including different sub-classes and positional isomers is presented. For 35 synthetic cathinones, unique UV spectra are obtained for seven sub-classes, including mostly beta ketones, where position and type of substitution on benzene rings give rise to differences in UV maxima and relative intensity of the spectral bands. This aspect is key to distinguishing positional isomers that contain differences in R substitution (mono and di) around the benzene ring, which provides complementary information to electron ionization mass spectrometry, where the latter technique cannot distinguish between these types of positional isomers.

The far C-terminus of MCAK regulates its conformation and spindle pole focusing.

To ensure proper spindle assembly, microtubule (MT) dynamics needs to be spatially regulated within the cell. The kinesin-13 MCAK is a potent MT depolymerase with a complex subcellular localization, yet how MCAK spatial regulation contributes to spindle assembly is not understood. Here we show that the far C-terminus of MCAK plays a critical role in regulating MCAK conformation, subspindle localization, and spindle assembly in Xenopus egg extracts.

Aurora B inhibits MCAK activity through a phosphoconformational switch that reduces microtubule association.

Background: Proper spindle assembly and chromosome segregation rely on precise microtubule dynamics, which are governed in part by the kinesin-13 MCAK. MCAK microtubule depolymerization activity is inhibited by Aurora B-dependent phosphorylation, but the mechanism of this inhibition is not understood.

Results: Here, we develop the first Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensor for MCAK and show that MCAK in solution exists in a closed conformation mediated by an interaction between the C-terminal domain (CT) and the neck.