Expression of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in turkey cardiac chambers.

The aim of the present study was to characterize the specific binding sites for [N-methyl-H]-scopolamine ([H]-NMS), a radioligand for labeling muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs), in membranes of four heart chambers obtained from adult male British United Turkey (BUT) Big 6 ("meat-type") and Cröllwitzer ("wild-type") turkeys. MAChR subtypes were examined by inhibiting [H]-NMS binding with subtype selective non-labelled receptor antagonists. In all left and right atria as well as left and right ventricles of both turkey breeds, the specific [H]-NMS binding was saturable, reversible and of high affinity (K range: 0.

Lipid classes in adipose tissues and liver differ between Shetland ponies and Warmblood horses.

Fatty acids, as key components of cellular membranes and complex lipids, may play a central role in endocrine signalling and the function of adipose tissue and liver. Thus, the lipid fatty acid composition may play a role in health status in the equine. This study aimed to investigate the fatty acid composition of different tissues and liver lipid classes by comparing Warmblood horses and Shetland ponies under defined conditions.

Unsaturated fatty acids promote the phagocytosis of P. aeruginosa and R. equi by RAW264.7 macrophages.

In the present study, using the murine monocyte/macrophage cell line RAW264.7 as a model system, we analyzed the phagocytosis rate and the bactericidal capacity of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)-enriched macrophages against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Rhodococcus equi. The P.

Unsaturated fatty acids as modulators of macrophage respiratory burst in the immune response against Rhodococcus equi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

In this paper, using the monocyte/macrophage cell line RAW264.7, we systematically investigate the impact of macrophage enrichment with unsaturated fatty acids on cellular radical synthesis. We found that the intracellular production of reactive nitrogen and oxygen intermediates depends on the activation status of the macrophages.

The impact of membrane lipid composition on macrophage activation in the immune defense against Rhodococcus equi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Nutritional fatty acids are known to have an impact on membrane lipid composition of body cells, including cells of the immune system, thus providing a link between dietary fatty acid uptake, inflammation and immunity. In this study we reveal the significance of macrophage membrane lipid composition on gene expression and cytokine synthesis thereby highlighting signal transduction processes, macrophage activation as well as macrophage defense mechanisms. Using RAW264.