mHealth-Based Just-in-Time Adaptive Intervention to Improve the Physical Activity Levels of Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The lack of regular physical activity (PA) in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) in the United States is an ongoing health crisis. Regular PA and exercise-based interventions have been linked with improved outcomes and healthier lifestyles among those with SCI. Providing people with an accurate estimate of their everyday PA level can promote PA.

Journey to 1 Million Steps: A Retrospective Case Series Analyzing the Implementation of Robotic-Assisted Gait Training Into an Outpatient Pediatric Clinic.

Purpose: To describe the implementation of an exoskeleton program in a rehabilitation setting using a Design Thinking framework.

Methods: This is a retrospective case series of 3 randomly selected children who participated in skilled physical therapy using a pediatric exoskeleton that occurred on our journey to walking 1 000 000 steps in the exoskeleton devices. Participants ranged in age from 3 to 5 years, and all had neurologic disorders.

Thalamic deep brain stimulation in traumatic brain injury: a phase 1, randomized feasibility study.

Converging evidence indicates that impairments in executive function and information-processing speed limit quality of life and social reentry after moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI). These deficits reflect dysfunction of frontostriatal networks for which the central lateral (CL) nucleus of the thalamus is a critical node. The primary objective of this feasibility study was to test the safety and efficacy of deep brain stimulation within the CL and the associated medial dorsal tegmental (CL/DTTm) tract.

Evolution of rehabilitation services in response to a global pandemic: reflection on opportunities and challenges ahead.

The rapidly evolving COVID-19 public health emergency has disrupted and challenged traditional healthcare, rehabilitation services, and treatment delivery worldwide. This perspective paper aimed to unite experiences and perspectives from an international group of rehabilitation providers while reflecting on the lessons learned from the challenges and opportunities raised during the COVID-19 pandemic. We discuss the global appreciation for rehabilitation services and changes in access to healthcare, including virtual, home-based rehabilitation, and long-term care rehabilitation.

Psychosocial Impacts of the COVID-19 Quarantine: A Study of Gender Differences in 59 Countries.

: There is strong evidence in the literature that women experience psychological disorders at significantly higher rates than men. The higher rates of psychological disorders in women may partly be attributable to gender differences in response to stressors and coping styles. The objective of this study was to contribute to the growing body of literature investigating gender differences in mental health outcomes and coping styles during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in a large sample of individuals from 59 countries with variable demographic and socio-cultural characteristics.

Relationship of patient characteristics and inpatient rehabilitation services to 5-year outcomes following spinal cord injury: A follow up of the SCIRehab project.

Objective: To examine associations of patient characteristics and treatment quantity delivered during inpatient spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation with outcomes at 5 years post-injury and compare them to the associations found at 1 year post-injury.

Design: Observational study using Practice-Based Evidence research methodology in which clinicians documented treatment details. Regression modeling was used to predict outcomes.

Sex and Gender Issues for Individuals With Acquired Brain Injury During COVID-19: A Commentary.

Worldwide, the rehabilitation community has been affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The effect of COVID-19 has been disproportionately devastating for individuals with disabilities, particularly those with acquired brain injury (ABI) owing to injury-related cognitive or sensory and physical difficulties. Many physical and psychological symptoms of COVID-19 are already well-known issues for individuals with ABI.

The Effects of Early Mobilization on Patients Requiring Extended Mechanical Ventilation Across Multiple ICUs.

Objectives: 1) To successfully implement early mobilization of individuals with prolonged mechanical ventilation in multiple ICUs at a tertiary care hospital and 2) to reduce length of stay and improve quality of care to individuals in the ICUs.

Design: Comparative effectiveness cohort study based on a quality improvement project.

Setting: Five ICUs at a tertiary care hospital.

An interview based approach to the anorectal portion of the International Standards of Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury Exam (I-A-ISNCSCI): a pilot study.

Study Design: Prospective, single-blinded study.

Objective: To design and evaluate the use of an interview based version of the anorectal portion of the International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) exam in the acute inpatient rehabilitation (AIR) setting.

Setting: AIR unit.

Factors associated with the remission of insomnia after traumatic brain injury: a traumatic brain injury model systems study.

: To examine the factors associated with the remission of insomnia by examining a sample of individuals who had insomnia within the first two years after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and assessing their status at a secondary time point.: Secondary data analysis from a multicenter longitudinal cohort study. A sample of 40 individuals meeting inclusion criteria completed a number of self-report scales measuring sleep/wake characteristics (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Insomnia Severity Index, Sleep Hygiene Index), fatigue and depression (Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue, Patient Health Questionnaire-9), and community participation (Participation Assessment with Recombined Tools-Objective).

Measuring Fatigue in TBI: Development of the TBI-QOL Fatigue Item Bank and Short Form.

Objective: To develop a traumatic brain injury (TBI)-specific, item response theory (IRT)-calibrated Fatigue item bank, short form, and computer adaptive test (CAT) as part of the Traumatic Brain Injury-Quality of Life (TBI-QOL) measurement system.

Setting: Five TBI Model Systems rehabilitation centers in the US PARTICIPANTS:: Adults with complicated mild, moderate, or severe TBI confirmed by medical record review.

Design: Cross-sectional field testing via phone or in-person interview.

Associations Between Insurance Provider and Assistive Technology Use for Computer and Electronic Devices 1 Year After Tetraplegia: Findings From the Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems National Database.

Objective: To investigate the association between insurance provider and reported assistive technology (AT) use to access computers and electronic devices 1 year after sustaining tetraplegia.

Design: Multicenter cross-sectional study.

Setting: Participants enrolled in the Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems (SCIMS) National Database.

Outcome prediction from post-injury resilience in patients with TBI.

Purpose/objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the extent to which 1- and 2-year outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are predicted by resilience. Research Method/Design: This was an observational, longitudinal study of persons ( = 158) with moderate or severe TBI who completed both 1- and 2-year outcome assessments. Outcomes included anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), life satisfaction (Satisfaction with Life Scale), substance misuse, and return-to-work measures.

The Effect of Physical Exercise After a Concussion: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Data evaluating the role of exercise in patients with a concussion are contradictory. Studies have reported improvement in the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) score, whereas others showed no effect on the PCSS score.

Purpose: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the role of physical exercise on different outcomes in patients with a concussion.

Reciprocal Causation Between Functional Independence and Mental Health 1 and 2 Years After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Cross-Lagged Panel Structural Equation Model.

Objective: The research attempting to disentangle the directionality of relationships between mental health and functional outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is growing but has yielded equivocal findings or focused on isolated predictors or isolated outcomes. The purpose of the current study was to use cross-lagged panel and structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques to examine causality between comprehensive indices of mental health (depression, anxiety, and life satisfaction) and functional independence in a national sample of individuals with TBI over the first 2 years after injury.

Design: Participants were 4,674 individuals with TBI from the TBI Model Systems Database.

A randomised control trial of walking to ameliorate brain injury fatigue: a NIDRR TBI model system centre-based study.

Fatigue is one of the most commonly reported sequelae after traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study evaluated the impact of a graduated physical activity programme on fatigue after TBI. Using a prospective randomised single-blind crossover design, 123 individuals with TBI, over the age of 18, were enrolled.

Factors associated with remission of post-traumatic brain injury fatigue in the years following traumatic brain injury (TBI): a TBI model systems module study.

Post-traumatic brain injury fatigue (PTBIF) is a major problem in the years after traumatic brain injury (TBI), yet little is known about its persistence and resolution. The objective of the study was to identify factors related to PTBIF remission and resolution. TBI Model System registrants at five centres participated in interviews at either one and two years post-injury (Y1-2 Cohort), or two and five years post-injury (Y2-5 Cohort).

Unintentional injuries after TBI: Potential risk factors, impacts, and prevention.

Background: The top three causes of fatal unintentional injuries are falls, motor vehicle crashes, and being struck against or struck by objects or persons. These etiologies also happen to be the leading causes of TBI, a serious public health problem, in the US. Reduced cognitive functioning, poor decision making, increased risk taking, disinhibition, diminished safety skills and substance use, place individuals with TBI at an increased risk for subsequent unintentional injuries.

Ten-Year Employment Patterns of Working Age Individuals After Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study.

Objective: To describe the 10-year patterns of employment for individuals of working age discharged from a Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems (TBIMS) center between 1989 and 2009.

Design: Secondary data analysis.

Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation centers.

Global Outcome and Late Seizures After Penetrating Versus Closed Traumatic Brain Injury: A NIDRR TBI Model Systems Study.

Background: If and how much dural penetration influences long-term outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is understudied, especially within the civilian population.

Objectives: Using the large TBI Model Systems cohort, this study assessed and compared penetrating TBI (PTBI) and closed TBI with respect to global outcome and late seizures 2 years after injury.

Methods: After performing unadjusted PTBI versus closed TBI comparisons, multivariate regression models were built and analyzed for both outcomes by including the following additional predictors: length of unconsciousness, posttraumatic amnesia duration, hospital length of stay, age, gender, race, marital status, education level, problem substance abuse, and preinjury employment status.

Trajectories of Life Satisfaction Over the First 10 Years After Traumatic Brain Injury: Race, Gender, and Functional Ability.

Objective: This study investigated the influence of race, gender, functional ability, and an array of preinjury, injury-related, and sociodemographic variables on life satisfaction trajectories over 10 years following moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Setting/participants: A sample of 3157 individuals with TBI from the TBI Model Systems database was included in this study.

Design: Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) analyses were conducted to examine the trajectories of life satisfaction.

The factor structure of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in persons with traumatic brain injury. A NIDRR TBI model systems module study.

Background: Sleep disturbances are common following traumatic brain injury (TBI). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a widely used measure of sleep quality that has been used in numerous populations. Although this measure has been used in TBI research, there are few studies examining the psychometric properties in this population.

Racial/ethnic disparities in mental health over the first 2 years after traumatic brain injury: a model systems study.

Objective: To determine whether racial/ethnic disparities occur in depression, anxiety, and satisfaction with life at 1 and 2 years postdischarge.

Design: A prospective, longitudinal, multicenter study of individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) participating in the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems project. Medical, demographic, and outcome data were obtained from the Model Systems database at baseline, as well as 1 and 2 years postdischarge.