[Nurses in the face of the Great War's epidemics].

In 1914, nurses were still considered as volunteers. By 1918, given more efficient training, they had acquired legitimacy among the French public. Their skills and their professionalism were appreciated and recognised, notably thanks to the crucial role they played in the fight against the tuberculosis and Spanish flu epidemics.

The performance of functional methods for correcting non-Gaussian measurement error within Poisson regression: corrected excess risk of lung cancer mortality in relation to radon exposure among French uranium miners.

A broad variety of methods for measurement error (ME) correction have been developed, but these methods have rarely been applied possibly because their ability to correct ME is poorly understood. We carried out a simulation study to assess the performance of three error-correction methods: two variants of regression calibration (the substitution method and the estimation calibration method) and the simulation extrapolation (SIMEX) method. Features of the simulated cohorts were borrowed from the French Uranium Miners' Cohort in which exposure to radon had been documented from 1946 to 1999.

[History and testimonies of visiting nurses (1905-1938)].

Although short-lived, the history of visiting nurses is rich in political, social and health consequences it has generated. It involves the establishment of a new know-how in the first part of the twentieth century, mostly social, by the fact that the nurse comes out of the hospital to go and visit families in need. How this profession has been built and what is the impact of its social intervention on the population before the Second World War? Based on contemporary studies, institutional archives and biographical works, this study considers an immersion in the heart of the visiting nurse profession, through unwavering dedication, female emancipation and unexpected misery.

Assessment of uncertainty associated with measuring exposure to radon and decay products in the French uranium miners cohort.

The reliability of exposure data directly affects the reliability of the risk estimates derived from epidemiological studies. Measurement uncertainty must be known and understood before it can be corrected. The literature on occupational exposure to radon ((222)Rn) and its decay products reveals only a few epidemiological studies in which uncertainty has been accounted for explicitly.

Impact of measurement error in radon exposure on the estimated excess relative risk of lung cancer death in a simulated study based on the French Uranium Miners' Cohort.

Measurement error (ME) can lead to bias in the analysis of epidemiologic studies. Here a simulation study is described that is based on data from the French Uranium Miners' Cohort and that was conducted to assess the effect of ME on the estimated excess relative risk (ERR) of lung cancer death associated with radon exposure. Starting from a scenario without any ME, data were generated containing successively Berkson or classical ME depending on time periods, to reflect changes in the measurement of exposure to radon ((222)Rn) and its decay products over time in this cohort.

Microbial status of apical root canal system of human mandibular first molars with primary apical periodontitis after "one-visit" endodontic treatment.

Objective: To assess the in vivo intracanal microbial status of apical root canal system of mesial roots of human mandibular first molars with primary apical periodontitis immediately after one-visit endodontic treatment. The residual intracanal infection was confirmed by correlative light and transmission electron microscopy.

Study Design: Sixteen diseased mesial roots of mandibular first molars were treated endodontically, each in one visit.