Assessment of patient life engagement in schizophrenia using items from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.

Background: Improved patient life engagement is a meaningful treatment goal in schizophrenia that cannot be satisfactorily measured using existing tools. This research aimed to determine whether certain items from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) can assess patient life engagement in schizophrenia.

Methods: Three approaches were used to identify PANSS items that reflect patient life engagement: (1) a panel discussion with expert psychiatrists (n = 4); (2) interviews with patients with schizophrenia (n = 20); and (3) a principal component analysis to explore clustering of items (n = 954 from three randomized controlled trials).

Meta-regression to explain the placebo effects in clinical trials of anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies for migraine prevention.

Commonly used methods of comparison (e.g. network meta-analyses) require common comparator(s) across trials, such as placebo in placebo-controlled trials.

Assessment of patient life engagement in major depressive disorder using items from the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report (IDS-SR).

Background: Patient-reported outcomes can measure domains that are personally meaningful, such as life engagement, which reflects motivation, pleasure, and well-being. This study explored whether certain items from the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report (IDS-SR) can capture patient life engagement in major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods: IDS-SR life engagement items were identified by a) a panel of expert psychiatrists (n = 4), b) patient interviews (n = 20), and c) a principal component analysis (PCA) to explore clustering of items.