ECCO Guidelines on Therapeutics in Crohn's Disease: Surgical Treatment.

This article is the second in a series of two publications on the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation [ECCO] evidence-based consensus on the management of Crohn's disease. The first article covers medical management; the present article addresses surgical management, including preoperative aspects and drug management before surgery. It also provides technical advice for a variety of common clinical situations.

[Extraintestinal manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease].

Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders that are not limited to the gastrointestinal tract. Many different organ systems may be involved, which makes IBD a systemic disease. The most common extraintestinal manifestations (EIM) include musculoskeletal, ophthalmological, dermatological, and hepato-biliary disorders.

Effectiveness and safety of vedolizumab induction with or without budesonide in patients with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease in Europe: a retrospective observational study.

Background: Vedolizumab (VDZ), a gut-selective anti-lymphocyte trafficking integrin antibody, is effective in treating patients with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease (CD). In this study, we examined the real-world effectiveness and safety of induction therapy using VDZ alone or in combination with budesonide (VDZ + BUD) among patients with CD in Belgium, Israel, and Switzerland.

Methods: This retrospective chart review analysis included adult patients with moderately to severely active CD who started induction treatment with VDZ or VDZ + BUD (January 2015 through January 2019).

Histological Phenotyping in Eosinophilic Esophagitis: Localized Proximal Disease Is Infrequent but Associated with Less Severe Disease and Better Disease Outcome.

Introduction: It is still unknown whether eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) patients with localized disease are different from those with extended disease.

Methods: We evaluated prospectively included patients in the Swiss EoE cohort. Data on all patients with active disease at baseline, no concomitant gastroesophageal reflux disease, no strictures at baseline, and at least one follow-up visit were analyzed.

The Genetics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

The genetic background of inflammatory bowel disease, both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, has been known for more than 2 decades. In the last 20 years, genome-wide association studies have dramatically increased our knowledge on the genetics of inflammatory bowel disease with more than 200 risk genes having been identified. Paralleling this increasing knowledge, the armamentarium of inflammatory bowel disease medications has been growing constantly.

Swiss expert opinion: current approaches in faecal microbiota transplantation in daily practice.

Introduction: Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an established therapy for recurrent C. difficile infection, and recent studies have reported encouraging results of FMT in patients with ulcerative colitis. Few international consensus guidelines exist for this therapy, and thus FMT policies and practices differ among European countries.

Medication Formulation Preference of Mild and Moderate Ulcerative Colitis Patients: a European Survey.

Introduction: Patient adherence is a major challenge for the successful management of any chronic disease, and ulcerative colitis (UC) is no exception. Patient adherence is closely related to patient preference of medication and formulation used.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate patient and physician perspectives around UC treatment preference.

Because I'm happy - positive affect and its predictive value for future disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: While the detrimental impact of negative emotions on the clinical course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and quality of life has been extensively investigated, evidence for a potential impact of positive emotions is scarce.

Objectives: We aim to analyse contributing factors of positive affect and their predictive value for disease course in IBD patients.

Design: In this retrospective cohort study, epidemiological, psychosocial and IBD disease characteristics of Swiss IBD cohort study patients were analysed longitudinally.

Spondyloarthritis with inflammatory bowel disease: the latest on biologic and targeted therapies.

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) encompasses a heterogeneous group of chronic inflammatory diseases that can affect both axial and peripheral joints, tendons and entheses. Among the extra-articular manifestations, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with considerable morbidity and effects on quality of life. In everyday clinical practice, treatment of these conditions requires a close collaboration between gastroenterologists and rheumatologists to enable early detection of joint and intestinal manifestations during follow-up and to choose the most effective therapeutic regimen, implementing precision medicine for each patient's subtype of SpA and IBD.

Impact of Vedolizumab on Extraintestinal Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results From a Descriptive, Retrospective, Real-world Study.

Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, may develop extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs). The EMOTIVE study aimed to analyze the effect of vedolizumab on EIMs in a real-world cohort of patients with IBD.

Methods: This multicenter, descriptive, retrospective study was conducted in Belgium, Denmark, Israel, the Netherlands, and Switzerland in adults with moderately to severely active IBD and concurrent active EIMs at vedolizumab initiation (index date), with a ≥6-month follow-up after the index date.

Malignancy rates in Crohn's disease patients with perianal fistula: A German retrospective cohort study.

Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease are at increased risk of colorectal and extra-intestinal cancer. However, the overall cancer risk in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) with perianal fistulas (PF) (CPF) and those with CD without PF (non-PF CD) is unclear.

Objective: To describe the prevalence and incidence of cancer in patients with CPF and non-PF CD, and to estimate incidence rate ratio (IRR) of cancer between CPF and non-PF CD groups.

Comparison of Short- and Long-Term Effectiveness between Anti-TNF and Ustekinumab after Vedolizumab Failure as First-Line Therapy in Crohn's Disease: A Multi-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: The effectiveness of anti-TNF or ustekinumab (UST) as a second-line biologic after vedolizumab (VDZ) failure has not yet been described.

Aims And Methods: In this retrospective multicenter cohort study, We aim to investigate the effectiveness of anti-TNF and UST as second-line therapy in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) who failed VDZ as a first-line treatment. The primary outcome was clinical response at week 16-22.

Alcohol and cannabis consumption in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: prevalence, pattern of consumption and impact on the disease.

Objectives Of The Study: There is little guidance regarding the impact of alcohol and cannabis on the clinical course of inflammatory bowel disease. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, sociodemographic characteristics and impact of alcohol and cannabis use on the clinical course of the disease.

Methods: We performed an analysis of prospectively collected data within the Swiss Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort Study with yearly follow-ups and substance-specific questionnaires.

Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease-a Case Series.

Background And Aim: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia [PJP] is a very rare, potentially life-threatening pulmonary fungal infection that occurs in immunocompromised individuals including patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. Our aim was to describe immunosuppressive treatment exposure as well as the outcome in IBD patients with PJP.

Methods: PJP cases were retrospectively collected through the COllaborative Network For Exceptionally Rare case reports of the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation.

Therapy Patterns and Surveillance Measures of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients beyond Disease-Related Hospitalization: A Claims-Based Cohort Study.

Introduction: Medical care and surveillance of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients have been shown to be far from satisfactory. Data on therapy patterns and surveillance measures in IBD patients are scarce. We, therefore, aimed to compare the therapy patterns and surveillance management of IBD patients in the year before and after IBD-related hospitalization.

Impact of Diagnostic Delay on Disease Course in Pediatric- versus Adult-Onset Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Data from the Swiss IBD Cohort.

Introduction: Given the lack of data, we aimed to assess the impact of the length of diagnostic delay on the natural history of ulcerative colitis (UC) in pediatric (diagnosed <18 years) and adult patients (diagnosed ≥18 years).

Methods: Data from the Swiss Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort Study were analyzed. Diagnostic delay was defined as the interval between the first appearance of UC-related symptoms until diagnosis.

Corticosteroid-free efficacy and safety outcomes in patients receiving tofacitinib in the OCTAVE Sustain maintenance study.

Background: Tofacitinib is an oral, small molecule Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Here, we report steroid-free efficacy and safety with tofacitinib among patients with UC who received corticosteroids at baseline of the maintenance study (OCTAVE Sustain).

Methods: This analysis included patients with clinical response following OCTAVE Induction 1 and 2 who were re-randomized to receive placebo, or tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg twice daily (b.

Close follow-up is associated with fewer stricture formation and results in earlier detection of histological relapse in the long-term management of eosinophilic esophagitis.

Background And Aims: No recommendations exist regarding optimal follow-up schedule in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) under maintenance treatment.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated a long-term surveillance concept at the Swiss EoE clinic, where clinical, endoscopic and histological disease activity is assessed annually regardless of EoE symptoms. Data on 159 adult patients under maintenance steroid treatment with available follow-up were analyzed.

Impact of Overweight and Obesity on Disease Outcome in the Pediatric Swiss Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort.

Unlabelled: Given the paucity of data, we aimed to assess the impact of obesity on disease activity, complications, and quality of life (QoL) in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients.

Methods: Prospective analysis of pediatric IBD patients. Patients were categorized into 4 groups according to the World Health Organization (WHO) child growth standards: obese, overweight, normal weight, and underweight.

5-Aminosalicylic Acid Chemoprevention in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Is It Necessary in the Age of Biologics and Small Molecules?

Background: Due to the increased incidence of colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), the value of chemoprevention for this patient group has been repeatedly debated in the past decade. This review describes available evidence and the current recommendations for chemoprevention in national and international guidelines IBD guidelines.

Summary: 5-Aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) compounds are the preferred therapeutic option for mild to moderate ulcerative colitis (UC).