Prospective measurement of the width of cerebrospinal fluid spaces by cranial ultrasound in neurologically healthy children aged 0-19 months.

Background: Ultrasound (US) is often the first method used to look for brain or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) space pathologies. Knowledge of normal CSF width values is essential. Most of the available US normative values were established over 20 years ago, were obtained with older equipment, and cover only part of the age spectrum that can be examined by cranial US.

Prospective evaluation of ultrasound features of magnesium-based bioabsorbable screw resorption in pediatric fractures.

Objective: Bioabsorbable magnesium-based alloy screws release gas upon resorption. The resulting findings in the adjacent soft tissues and joints may mimic infection. The aim of the study was to evaluate the ultrasound (US) findings in soft tissues and joints during screw resorption.

Automated F18-FDG PET/CT image quality assessment using deep neural networks on a latest 6-ring digital detector system.

To evaluate whether a machine learning classifier can evaluate image quality of maximum intensity projection (MIP) images from F18-FDG-PET scans. A total of 400 MIP images from F18-FDG-PET with simulated decreasing acquisition time (120 s, 90 s, 60 s, 30 s and 15 s per bed-position) using block sequential regularized expectation maximization (BSREM) with a beta-value of 450 and 600 were created. A machine learning classifier was fed with 283 images rated "sufficient image quality" and 117 images rated "insufficient image quality".

Prospective Evaluation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Magnesium-Based Alloy Screw Resorption in Pediatric Fractures.

Background: The resorption of magnesium-based alloy bioabsorbable screws results in the release of hydrogen gas, which can mimic infection and enter the growth plate. The screw itself and the released gas may also affect image quality.

Objective: The evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings during the most active phase of screw resorption is the objective, with particular focus on the growth plate and to assess for the presence of metal-induced artifacts.

Organ-based tube current modulation and bismuth eye shielding in pediatric head computed tomography.

Background: Exposure of the eye lens to ionizing radiation results in cataract. Several dose optimization techniques to protect the lens are available for computed tomography (CT).

Objective: The radiation dose to the eye lens, volume CT dose index (CTDI) and image quality of various methods of dose optimization were evaluated for pediatric head CT: automated tube current modulation (ATCM), automated tube voltage selection (ATVS), organ-based tube current modulation (OBTCM) and bismuth shielding.

Radiographic features of magnesium-based bioabsorbable screw resorption in paediatric fractures.

Background: Resorption of magnesium-based alloy bioabsorbable screws produces hydrogen gas, which can be mistaken as a sign of infection and may affect the physis or fixed bone fragment.

Objective: We evaluated the temporal and spatial occurrence of gas and the occurrence of a breakage of the fixed bone fragment or screw following magnesium screw fixation.

Materials And Methods: Radiographs of paediatric patients treated with magnesium screws were retrospectively reviewed.

Chest X-ray Dose Equivalent Low-dose CT with Tin Filtration: Potential Role for the Assessment of Pectus Excavatum.

Rationale And Objectives: To determine the value of chest CT with tin filtration applying a dose equivalent to chest x-ray for the assessment of the Haller index for evaluation of pectus excavatum.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred seventy-two patients from a prospective single center study were included and underwent a clinical standard dose chest CT (effective dose 1.8 ± 0.

Ultrasound findings in rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma (RICH) - beware of venous ectasia and venous lakes.

Background: Bleeding, ulceration and cardiac failure can occur in rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma (RICH). Bleeding intensity ranges from superficial to life-threatening.

Objective: To determine whether there are sonographic criteria associated with an increased risk of bleeding, ulceration or cardiac failure in RICH in order to identify children who need close monitoring or prophylactic treatment.

Neonatal congenital lung tumors - the importance of mid-second-trimester ultrasound as a diagnostic clue.

Background: The differential diagnosis for primary lung masses in neonates includes a variety of developmental abnormalities; it also consists of the much rarer congenital primary lung tumors: cystic pleuropulmonary blastoma (cystic PPB), fetal lung interstitial tumor (FLIT), congenital peribronchial myofibroblastic tumor (CPMT), and congenital fibrosarcoma. Radiologic differentiation between malformations and tumors is often very challenging.

Objective: The objective was to establish distinctive features between developmental pulmonary abnormalities and primary lung tumors.