Correlation between Obesity and Socioeconomic and Psychological Characteristics of Students Attending Different Rural School Types.

Unlabelled: We examined the prevalence of obesity in two types of schools-a comprehensive school and a grammar school-in a rural German region of Brandenburg.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, BMI values were measured in 114 students in grades 5, 7, and 10. In addition to the demographic data, data on nutrition, physical activity, and mental well-being were collected using a questionnaire.

Estimation of central blood pressure waveform from femoral blood pressure waveform by blind sources separation.

Background: Central blood pressure () is a better indicator of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than peripheral BP (). However, direct measurement requires invasive techniques and indirect measurement is based on rigid and empirical transfer functions applied to . Thus, development of a personalized and well-validated method for non-invasive derivation of from is necessary to facilitate the clinical routine.

Generation of colon cancer-derived tumor-infiltrating T cells (TILs) for adoptive cell therapy.

Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) using specific immune cells and stem cells has emerged as a promising treatment option that could complement traditional cancer therapies in the future. In particular, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been shown to be effective against solid tumors in various clinical trials. Despite the enormous disease burden and large number of premature deaths caused by colorectal cancer (CRC), studies on TILs isolated from tumor tissue of patients with CRC are still rare.

Pelvic Intraoperative Neuromonitoring Prevents Dysfunction in Patients With Rectal Cancer: Results From a Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial of a NEUROmonitoring System (NEUROS).

Objective: This NEUROmonitoring System (NEUROS) trial assessed whether pelvic intraoperative neuromonitoring (pIONM) could improve urogenital and ano-(neo-)rectal functional outcomes in patients who underwent total mesorectal excisions (TMEs) for rectal cancer.

Background: High-level evidence from clinical trials is required to clarify the benefits of pIONM.

Methods: NEUROS was a 2-arm, randomized, controlled, multicenter clinical trial that included 189 patients with rectal cancer who underwent TMEs at 8 centers, from February 2013 to January 2017.

Laparoscopic vs. Open Surgical Repair of Subxiphoidal Hernia Following Median Sternotomy for Coronary Bypass - Analysis of the Herniamed Registry.

The repair of subxiphoidal incisional hernia following median sternotomy is technically demanding due to the specific anatomic situation and the lateral distracting forces in this region. Published data are available from retrospective reports with limited number of patients only. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of subxiphoidal hernia repair comparing laparoscopic and open surgical approach.

Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia associated with postoperative jejunal tube feeding: Indicators for clinical management.

Postoperative nutrition via a jejunal tube after major abdominal surgery is usually well tolerated. However, some patients develop nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI). This morbid complication has a grave prognosis with a mortality rate of 41% to 100%.

Negative Pressure Wound Therapy vs Conventional Wound Treatment in Subcutaneous Abdominal Wound Healing Impairment: The SAWHI Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is an established treatment option, but there is no evidence of benefit for subcutaneous abdominal wound healing impairment (SAWHI).

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of NPWT for SAWHI after surgery in clinical practice.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The multicenter, multinational, observer-blinded, randomized clinical SAWHI study enrolled patients between August 2, 2011, and January 31, 2018.

Bilateral giant inguinoscrotal hernia. Presentation of a novel combined two-stage repair approach.

Giant inguinoscrotal hernia is typically defined as hernia extending below the midpoint of the inner thigh, in the standing position. These hernias can be a demanding surgical problem as replacing bowel contents into the abdomen that can cause a life-threatening increase in intra-abdominal pressures. Various techniques such as preoperative progressive pneumoperitoneum (PPP), debulking of abdominal contents with visceral resections with or without omentectomy and phrenectomy have been suggested.

THBS4, a novel stromal molecule of diffuse-type gastric adenocarcinomas, identified by transcriptome-wide expression profiling.

Gastric adenocarcinomas can be divided into two major histological types, the diffuse and intestinal type (Laurén classification). Since they diverge in many clinical and molecular characteristics, it is widely accepted that they represent distinct disease entities that may benefit from different therapeutic approaches. Gene expression profiling studies have identified numerous genes that are differentially expressed between them.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy compared with surgery alone for locally advanced cancer of the stomach and cardia: European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer randomized trial 40954.

Purpose: Patients with locally advanced gastric cancer benefit from combined pre- and postoperative chemotherapy, although fewer than 50% could receive postoperative chemotherapy. We examined the value of purely preoperative chemotherapy in a phase III trial with strict preoperative staging and surgical resection guidelines.

Patients And Methods: Patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the stomach or esophagogastric junction (AEG II and III) were randomly assigned to preoperative chemotherapy followed by surgery or to surgery alone.

Perineal colostomy with spiral smooth muscle graft for neosphincter reconstruction following abdominoperineal resection of very low rectal cancer: long-term outcome.

Background: To avoid abdominal colostomy and improve quality of life, several types of anorectal reconstruction following abdominoperineal resection have been proposed. The aim of this study was to assess functional results and the quality of life of patients with very low rectal cancer after abdominoperineal resection and neosphincter reconstruction by perineal colostomy with a colonic muscular cuff.

Patients And Methods: Twenty-seven patients who had undergone neosphincter reconstruction with a perineal spiral cuff plasty after abdominoperineal resection were included in a retrospective study to evaluate long-term outcome.

Current status of sentinel lymph node biopsy in adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus, gastric cardia, and proximal stomach.

The resection of the adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction should be considered to the extent of the lymphatic drainage. This, on the other hand, depends on the possible lymphatic metastasizing. As an adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction is located along the borderline between two visceral cavities (mediastinal/abdominal), it can, in principle, metastasize in both cavities.

Technique and clinical consequences of sentinel lymph node biopsy in colorectal cancer.

Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in colorectal cancer (CRC) is a controversial issue. Different detection techniques, various protocols for the histopathological work-up of the SLN and a greatly differing experience between the investigators make the comparison of the available studies problematic. Nevertheless, it is clear, that the successful clinical application of SLNB in breast cancer and melanoma cannot simply be transferred into colorectal cancer treatment.

Sentinel lymph node biopsy in colon cancer: a prospective multicenter trial.

Introduction: The clinical impact of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in colon cancer is still controversial. The purpose of this prospective multicenter trial was to evaluate its clinical value to predict the nodal status and identify factors that influence these results.

Methods: Colon cancer patients without prior colorectal surgery or irradiation were eligible.

Efficacy of different technical procedures for sentinel lymph node biopsy in gastric cancer staging.

Background: The clinical impact of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in gastric cancer is controversial. We performed a prospective trial to compare different methods: radiocolloid method (RM), dye method (DM), and both methods simultaneously (dual method, or DUM) for reliability and therapeutic consequences.

Methods: RM and DM were applied in 35 gastric cancer patients.

Prognostic value of cytokeratin-positive bone marrow cells of gastric cancer patients.

Background: Epithelial cells in the bone marrow of patients with gastric cancer suggest tumor dissemination; however, their prognostic implications are controversial. We prospectively evaluated the correlation of bone marrow findings, recurrence rate, and disease-free survival after long-term follow-up.

Methods: Bone marrow were aspirated from both iliac crests and stained with monoclonal cytokeratin (CK)-18 antibody in 209 patients before their initial operation.

Vascular endothelial growth factor-D and its receptor VEGFR-3: two novel independent prognostic markers in gastric adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-D and its homolog VEGF-C influence lymphangiogenesis through activation of VEGF receptor 3 (VEGFR-3), and have been implicated in lymphatic tumor spread. Nodal dissemination of gastric adenocarcinomas critically determines clinical outcome and therapeutic options of affected patients. Therefore, we analyzed expression and prognostic significance of VEGF-D along with VEGF-C, and VEGFR-3 in gastric adenocarcinomas.

Detection of lymph node micrometastases and isolated tumor cells in sentinel and nonsentinel lymph nodes of colon cancer patients.

About 20% to 30% of colon cancer patients classified as node negative by routine hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining are found to have micrometastases (MM) or isolated tumor cells (ITC) in sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) if analyzed by step sections and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Whether SLNs are in this respect representative for all lymph nodes was addressed in this study. SLNs were identified using the intraoperative blue dye detection technique.

Refined staging by sentinel lymph node biopsy to individualize therapy in anal cancer.

We evaluated the feasibility of the sentinel lymph node technique to refine staging and potentially individualize therapy for anal cancer. Seventeen patients with cancer of the anal canal underwent peritumoral injection of 99mTc-colloid, followed 17 hours later by lymphoscintigraphy. A selective lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was attempted in 12 of 13 cases with scintigraphically detected SLNs.

Clinical relevance of sialyltransferases ST6GAL-I and ST3GAL-III in gastric cancer.

Aberrant glycosylation of membrane components due to specific alterations of glycosyltransferase activity is a common feature of carcinoma cells and is usually associated with invasion and metastasis. In a prospective study, the enzyme activity of the sialyltransferases ST6GAL-I and ST3GAL-III was studied in gastric cancer and normal mucosa in 55 patients by a radiometric assay. Cellular localization of sialyltransferase ST6GAL-I mRNA expression was studied by in situ hybridization.

Gastric cancer.

The past decade has seen many advances in knowledge about gastric cancer. Notably, tumour biology and lymphatic spread are now better understood, and treatment by surgical and medical oncologists has become more standardised. Since refrigerators have replaced other methods of food conservation, Helicobacter pylori has become a factor in the cause of gastric cancer.

Body mass index does not affect systematic D2 lymph node dissection and postoperative morbidity in gastric cancer patients.

Background: The extent of standard lymph node dissection (D1, D2, or D3) in gastric cancer patients is still controversial. Several prospective European trials attained contradictory results. A generally increased body mass index (BMI) of the European patients was assumed to be one of the major causes for postoperative morbidity.