Internalizing psychological symptoms in children and adolescents with fructose malabsorption.

Introduction: Due to an inhibited tryptophan resorption, patients with fructose malabsorption are expected to experience decreased serotonin synthesis. A deficiency of serotonin may cause internalizing mental disorders like depression and anxiety, and a fructose-oriented eating behavior may affect these symptoms.

Methods: The parents of 24 children and adolescents with a currently diagnosed fructose malabsorption aged 4;00-13;02 years ( = 8.

Acculturation and Anger Expression Among Iranian Migrants in Germany.

Cultural and biographical influences on the expression of emotions manifest themselves in so-called "display rules." These rules determine the time, intensity, and situations in which an emotion is expressed. To date, only a small number of empirical studies deal with this transformation of how migrants, who are faced with a new culture, may change their emotional expression.

Acculturation Style Is Associated with Stress and Tobacco Use among East African Immigrants.

While tobacco use rates are relatively high among East African immigrants in the U.S., factors contributing to this high rate are largely unknown.

Urbanicity, behavior problems and HPA axis regulation in preschoolers.

Growing up in cities is associated with increased risk for developing mental health problems. Stress exposure and altered stress regulation have been proposed as mechanisms linking urbanicity and psychopathology, with most research conducted in adult populations. Here, we focus on early childhood, and investigate urbanicity, behavior problems and the regulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, a central circuit of the stress system, in a sample of N = 399 preschoolers aged 45 months.

Development and preliminary validation of the Emotions while Learning an Instrument Scale (ELIS).

Learning to play a musical instrument is associated with different, partially conflicting emotions. This paper describes the development and psychometric properties of the Emotions while Learning an Instrument Scale (ELIS). In a longitudinal study with 545 German elementary school children factorial structure and psychometric properties were evaluated.

[Bereavement care in Germany: Framework for a stepped care model].

The loss of a loved one can have serious health implications. In Germany, however, bereavement care services often provide support regardless of risk or need. A structural framework within which these services are provided systematically and which enables the establishment of qualitative standards throughout Germany has not yet been proposed.

The Relationship of Acculturation, Traumatic Events and Depression in Female Refugees.

Recent research has identified significant correlations between traumatic events and depression in refugees. However, few studies have addressed the role of acculturation strategies in this relationship. This study explored the relationship between cultural orientation, traumatic events and depression in female refugees from Syria, Afghanistan, Eritrea, Iran, Iraq, and Somalia living in Germany.

[Assessing Complicated Grief: A Systematic Literature Review].

Objective: To give an overview of English and German speaking bereavement measurements for difficulties in the grieving process and complicated grief.

Method: Systematic literature review.

Results: 22 measures were identified.

Attractiveness Ratings for Musicians and Non-musicians: An Evolutionary-Psychology Perspective.

From an evolutionary perspective, musical behavior such as playing an instrument can be considered as part of an individual's courting behavior. Playing a musical instrument or singing might fulfill a function similar to that of a bird's colored feathers: attracting attention. Therefore, musicians may be rated as more attractive than non-musicians.

Comparing Attachment Networks During Middle Childhood in Two Contrasting Cultural Contexts.

Cultural psychology assumes that the ecocultural conditions of a particular setting shape children's pathways, resulting in multiple adaptive solutions to universal developmental tasks. While the adaptivity of attachment and children's psychosocial development during the early years has been thoroughly investigated, attachment research during middle childhood continues to reflect Western ideals of family. Adhering to ideas of monotropy, most studies only focus on parental attachment figures.

Psychometric Examination of an Arabic Version of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of an Arabic version of the trait anger and anger expression scales of the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI).

Methods: This study took place between April 2005 and August 2014. Adults in Yemen (n = 334) and Tunisia (n = 200) were recruited from university campuses and a smoking cessation clinic, respectively.

Anger Expression Style Predicts the Domain of the First Smoking Relapse After a Quit Attempt.

Background: Risk for smoking relapse may be associated with context-dependent social and behavioral cues. However, lack of research examining the role of trait negative mood such as anger in this relationship and assessment of objective indices related to smoking status (e.g.

Khat chewing and acculturation in East-African migrants living in Frankfurt am Main/Germany.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Khat (Catha edulis, Forsk) is a drug widely used in countries around the Red Sea (East-Africa and Arabian Peninsula). In Germany khat chewing is illegal but nevertheless an often observed habit in immigrants from this region. This study investigates the interrelation between immigrants acculturation processes and traditional khat chewing habits.

Effects of a school-based instrumental music program on verbal and visual memory in primary school children: a longitudinal study.

This study examined the effects of a school-based instrumental training program on the development of verbal and visual memory skills in primary school children. Participants either took part in a music program with weekly 45 min sessions of instrumental lessons in small groups at school, or they received extended natural science training. A third group of children did not receive additional training.

Khat use and trait anger: effects on affect regulation during an acute stressful challenge.

Khat (Catha edulis) is a widely used stimulating drug often consumed in daily routine in Yemen and East African countries. Chewing khat acutely elicits states of euphoria and feelings of well-being which later shift into emotional instability and low mood. Little is known about emotional regulation in habitual khat chewers.

Evaluation of a domain-specific anger expression assessment strategy.

Previous studies have shown that self-reports of an individual's anger expression vary between the home and the work domain. The aim of this study was to investigate the validity of such self-reports by comparing them with reports of intimate partners and work colleagues in the respective domain. Participants (N= 86) rated their anger expression on the general and on domain-specific versions of the State-Trait-Anger Expression Inventory (Spielberger, 1988).

Anger and psychobiological changes during smoking abstinence and in response to acute stress: prediction of smoking relapse.

Nicotine may be used to manage negative emotions, and recent research suggests that smokers with high levels of hostility may use cigarettes to cope with anger provoking situations. This study evaluated the extent to which a high level of trait anger is associated with risk for relapse among smokers interested in cessation. Chronic smokers with different levels of trait anger provided reports of withdrawal symptoms, craving, and state anger, and collected saliva samples for cortisol during 24-hour ad libitum smoking and the first 24-hour abstinence period of a quit attempt.

Neuroendocrine and behavioral mechanisms mediating the relationship between anger expression and cardiovascular risk: assessment considerations and improvements.

The hypothesis that intense anger experience may increase risk for or exacerbate cardiovascular diseases has been under active theoretical and empirical interest for decades. Biopsychological models of disease suggest that persons displaying exaggerated physiological responses to acute emotional or stressful states are at a greater risk to develop cardiovascular disorders. The last two decades have witnessed active work to refine means by which anger expression can be assessed, and laboratory research has produced evidence suggesting that certain expression styles may predict enhanced physiological responses to acute stress.

Domain-specific anger expression and blood pressure in an occupational setting.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to extend a previous work in a sample of American undergraduates demonstrating the effects of situational factors on reported anger expression behavior and blood pressure.

Method: General and domain-specific anger expression behavior and subjective work stress were assessed in 218 nurses from the Frankfurt am Main metropolitan area using the original and three altered versions of the State Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI) and the Job Stress Survey (JSS). The altered versions of the STAXI asked for individuals' anger expression at home, during free time, and at work.

Effects of choir singing or listening on secretory immunoglobulin A, cortisol, and emotional state.

The present study investigates the effects of choir music on secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA), cortisol, and emotional states in members of a mixed amateur choir. Subjects participated in two conditions during two rehearsals 1 week apart, namely singing versus listening to choral music. Saliva samples and subjective measures of affect were taken both before each session and 60 min later.

Acculturation and cardiovascular reactivity of second-generation Turkish migrants in Germany.

Objective: Previous studies have shown that migration and acculturation lead to higher blood pressures and a higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. Heightened cardiovascular reactivity is considered as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine cardiovascular reactivity in young and healthy second-generation Turkish migrants to Germany.