Sarcopenic obesity and brain health: A critical appraisal of the current evidence.

Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a body composition phenotype derived from the simultaneous presence in the same individual of an increase in fat mass and a decrease in skeletal muscle mass and/or function. Several protocols for the diagnosis of SO have been proposed in the last two decades making prevalence and disease risk estimates of SO heterogeneous and challenging to interpret. Dementia is a complex neurological disorder that significantly impacts patients, carers and healthcare systems.

Beyond Traditional Body Composition Metrics: Load-Capacity Indices Emerge as Predictors of Cardiometabolic Outcomes-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The adaptive and independent interrelationships between different body composition components have been identified as crucial determinants of disease risk. On the basis of this concept, the load-capacity model of body composition, which utilizes measurements obtained through nonanthropometric techniques such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, was proposed. This model is typically operationalized as the ratio of metabolic load (adipose mass) to metabolic capacity (lean mass).

Foods, dietary patterns, and risk of vascular dementia: a systematic review.

Background: Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common cause of dementia globally and is associated with a significant economic and social burden. Diet could represent an important tractable risk factor for VaD. We synthesised current evidence on associations between consumption of specific foods or dietary patterns and VaD risk.

Disease-Specific Risk Models for Predicting Dementia: An Umbrella Review.

Dementia is a leading cause of disability and death globally. Individuals with diseases such as cardiovascular, cardiometabolic and cerebrovascular disease are often at increased dementia risk. However, while numerous models have been developed to predict dementia, they are often not tailored to disease-specific groups.

Exploring the association between sarcopenic obesity and cardiovascular risk: a summary of findings from longitudinal studies and potential mechanisms.

It is estimated that more than one-tenth of adults aged ≥60 years are now classified as having sarcopenic obesity (SO), a clinical condition characterised by the concurrent presence of sarcopenia (low muscle mass and weakness) and obesity (excessive fat mass). Independently, sarcopenia and obesity are associated with a high risk of numerous adverse health outcomes including CVD and neurological conditions (e.g.

Digitalisation level, strategies and interoperable standards in the nursing care sector in Germany and in international contexts: a study protocol for a systematic review.

Introduction: The nursing care sector faces significant challenges due to an ageing population and a concurrent increase in demand for care services. Digitalisation can be one way of overcoming these challenges by optimising care processes, such as streamlining documentation procedures. However, Germany remains in the early stages of digitalisation in nursing care.

Dementia risk prediction modelling in low- and middle-income countries: current state of evidence.

Dementia is a leading cause of death and disability with over 60% of cases residing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Therefore, new strategies to mitigate risk are urgently needed. However, despite the high burden of disease associated with dementia in LMICs, research into dementia risk profiling and risk prediction modelling is limited.

Vaccination Rates in Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Skin Diseases and Immunomodulatory Systemic Therapies-Vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2, Influenza Virus or Varicella Zoster Virus.

Introduction: The national guidelines and the Standing Committee on Vaccination (STIKO) of the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) in Germany support preventive vaccinations for patients under immunomodulatory treatments.

Material And Methods: Retrospective analysis of data from patients with chronic inflammatory skin diseases from December 2021 to December 2022 with a focus on preventive vaccinations against influenza virus, varicella zoster virus, or SARS-CoV-2.

Results: Patients with chronic inflammatory skin diseases were referred to our university outpatient's clinic for recommendations of systemic therapy.

Patient needs in women of childbearing age with psoriasis: retrospective analysis from the German PsoBest registry.

Background: Women of childbearing age (WoCBA) with psoriasis face additional burden related to contraindications of systemic treatments during pregnancy/lactation and to the physical and psychosocial impact of psoriasis on their intimate/sexual relationships.

Objective: Within a people-centered health care model, this study aimed to identify specific patient needs and their correlates in WoCBA (18-45 years), in comparison to same-age men and women above 45 years.

Methods: Baseline data from the German PsoBest registry, including patients with moderate/severe plaque-type psoriasis with the indication for systemic therapy, were retrospectively analyzed.

To what Extent does Vitamin D and its Serum Levels Influence the Severity of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Literature Review.

Vitamin D plays a role in inflammatory skin conditions and can improve them. Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an autoinflammatory chronic skin disease in which most patients exhibit a hypovitaminosis D. However, it is uncertain whether vitamin D supplementation could relieve the severity of HS.

Evaluation of 73 Enlisted Patients for Liver Transplant with Unknown Etiology Reveals a Late-Diagnosed Case of Lysosomal Acid Lipase Deficiency.

Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency (LALD) varies from a severe infantile-onset form (Wolman disease) to a late-onset form known as cholesteryl ester storage disease (CESD), both of which are autosomal recessive disorders caused by biallelic pathogenic variants. We evaluated seventy-three patients enlisted for liver transplant (LT) at Instituto da Criança (HCFMUSP-Brazil) who were subjected to LAL activity measurement and Sanger sequencing analysis, resulting in a positive LALD diagnosis for only one of these individuals. This LALD patient presented recurrent diarrhea, failure to thrive, hepatomegaly, and dyslipidemia at the age of 4 months and liver failure by the age of 13 years.

Application of a new definition of sarcopenic obesity in middle-aged and older adults and association with cognitive function: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002.

Background & Aims: The role of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in impaired cognitive function has been investigated in several observational studies, but results have been mixed. This study applied the proposed European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN)-European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) definition of SO to a representative population aged ≥50 years to identify the association between SO and cognitive function.

Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002 waves were used.

Attitudes and Preferences Towards Screening for Dementia with a Focus on Ethnic Minority and Low Socio-Economic Groups: A Systematic Review of Research Studies Written in the English Language.

Background: Increased understanding of dementia risk-reduction and early detection of Alzheimer's disease and related disorders has spurred interest in the identification of risks for dementia, underlying putative biologies, or dementia itself. Implementation of such approaches require acceptability to the public. Research prior to 2012 indicated limited acceptability for population dementia screening.

What's New in Dementia Risk Prediction Modelling? An Updated Systematic Review.

Introduction: Identifying individuals at high risk of dementia is critical to optimized clinical care, formulating effective preventative strategies, and determining eligibility for clinical trials. Since our previous systematic reviews in 2010 and 2015, there has been a surge in dementia risk prediction modelling. The aim of this study was to update our previous reviews to explore, and critically review, new developments in dementia risk modelling.

Basic Susceptibility of Patients with Psoriasis under Systemic Therapy for Respiratory Infections: Data from the German Psoriasis Registry PsoBest.

: Patients with psoriasis under systemic treatments are in focus regarding their susceptibility to respiratory infections. To analyse real-world data for respiratory infections in patients with psoriasis under systemic treatments. : We analysed data of the prospective, non-interventional German Psoriasis Registry PsoBest and compared rates for respiratory infections of 13,823 patients on systemic treatments for psoriasis and/or psoriatic arthritis in different therapy cohorts before the COVID-19 pandemic.

Population attributable fractions of modifiable risk factors for dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: More than 57 million people have dementia worldwide. Evidence indicates a change in dementia prevalence and incidence in high-income countries, which is likely to be due to improved life-course population health. Identifying key modifiable risk factors for dementia is essential for informing risk reduction and prevention strategies.

Assessing Sodium Intake in Middle-Aged and Older Adults with Elevated Blood Pressure: Validation of Spot Urine Excretion and Dietary Survey-Derived Estimates.

This cross-sectional study evaluated the validity of three alternative methods compared to the gold standard 24-h urine collection for estimating dietary sodium intake, a modifiable risk factor for hypertension, among middle-aged and older adults with elevated blood pressure. These included spot urine collection (using Kawasaki, Tanaka, and INTERSALT equations), 24-h dietary recall, and food frequency questionnaire responses, compared to 24-h urine collection in a subset of 65 participants (aged 50-75 years, 58.5% women, 61.

SARS-CoV-2 infection among psoriasis patients in Germany: Data from the German registries PsoBest and CoronaBest.

Background: Limited data exist on the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infections in German patients with psoriasis or psoriasis arthritis (PsA). This study analyses COVID-19 prevalence and severity of symptoms in these patients.

Patients And Methods: Participants of the German registries PsoBest and CoronaBest were surveyed in February 2022.

Perception and Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in Psoriasis Patients: Data from the German PsoBest and the CoronaBest Registries.

Background: Limited data are available characterizing the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on psoriasis care for patients in Germany.

Objective: To analyze patient perception and impact of the pandemic on well-being and psoriasis management of German patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis or psoriasis arthritis under systemic therapies.

Methods: The CoronaBest registry captures events of SARS-CoV-2 infections and analyzes the impact of the pandemic on patients with psoriasis or psoriasis arthritis.