Association between serum total indoxyl sulfate, intraperitoneal inflammation, and peritoneal dialysis technique failure: a 3-year prospective cohort study.

Background: The impact of protein-bound uremic toxins, specifically indoxyl sulfate (IS) on peritoneal dialysis (PD) complications remains controversial. This study aimed to explore the link between serum total IS (tIS) levels, proinflammatory cytokines in serum and peritoneal dialysis effluent (PDE), and PD technique survival.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 84 patients were followed up for three years and analyzed.

Probiotic interventions in peritoneal dialysis: A review of underlying mechanisms and therapeutic potentials.

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a commonly used modality for kidney replacement therapy for patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). PD offers many benefits, including home-based care, greater flexibility, and preservation of residual kidney function compared to in-center hemodialysis. Nonetheless, patients undergoing PD often face significant challenges, including systemic inflammation, PD-related peritonitis, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular issues that can negatively affect their quality of life and treatment outcomes.

Non-Foliar Photosynthesis in Pea ( L.) Plants: Beyond the Leaves to Inside the Seeds.

In addition to leaves, photosynthesis can occur in other green plant organs, including developing seeds of many crops. While the majority of studies examining photosynthesis are concentrated on the leaf level, the role of other green tissues in the production of total photoassimilates has been largely overlooked. The present work studies the photosynthetic behavior of leaves and non-foliar (pericarps, coats, and cotyledons) organs of pea ( L.

Dyslipidemia in Peritoneal Dialysis: Implications for Peritoneal Membrane Function and Patient Outcomes.

Dyslipidemia is a common metabolic complication in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) and has traditionally been viewed primarily in terms of cardiovascular risk. Current guidelines do not recommend initiating lipid-lowering therapy in dialysis patients due to insufficient evidence of its benefits on cardiovascular mortality. However, the impact of dyslipidemia in PD patients may extend beyond cardiovascular concerns, influencing PD-related outcomes such as the peritoneal ultrafiltration rate, residual kidney function, PD technique survival, and overall mortality.

Taxonomic inventory and distributions of Chenopodiaceae (Amaranthaceae s.l.) in Orenburg Region, Russia.

Background: Orenburg Region is located in the South Urals, mostly in the steppe zone and is characterised by various landscapes suitable for many Chenopodiaceae. The species of Chenopodiaceae are present in all major plant communities (saline vegetation, steppes, on limestone, chalk and sand, and as degraded or ruderal communities). In the steppe zone, many native subshrubby species (, , ) playing a crucial role in semi-deserts (known as southern steppes in the recent Russian literature) located southwards of Orenburg Region are locally found, and several annuals (, spp.

Pre-Infection Nutritional Status, Oxidative Stress, and One-Year-Long COVID Persistence in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Nutritional status's role in long COVID is evident in the general population, yet unexplored in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD), posing a research gap. We hypothesized that pre-infection undernutrition in HD patients might impact long COVID persistence by accelerating oxidative stress. The present study aimed to investigate the association between pre-infection nutritional status, oxidative stress, and one-year-long COVID persistence in HD patients.

IL-6 and IL-17 as potential links between pre-existing hypertension and long-term COVID sequelae in patients undergoing hemodialysis: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

Long COVID, characterized by persistent symptoms following acute infection, poses a significant health challenge, particularly for patients with pre-existing chronic conditions such as hypertension. We hypothesized that an increase in the production of interleukins (IL)-6 and IL-17 could serve as a potential mechanism linking pre-existing uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) to the occurrence of long-term COVID sequelae in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). This cross-sectional study examined serum IL-6 and IL-17 levels in 80 patients undergoing HD, considering preinfection BP, the presence of long-term COVID sequelae, and the time interval after acute COVID-19 infection, which was either 5 or 10 months.

The macroevolutionary singularity of snakes.

Snakes and lizards (Squamata) represent a third of terrestrial vertebrates and exhibit spectacular innovations in locomotion, feeding, and sensory processing. However, the evolutionary drivers of this radiation remain poorly known. We infer potential causes and ultimate consequences of squamate macroevolution by combining individual-based natural history observations (>60,000 animals) with a comprehensive time-calibrated phylogeny that we anchored with genomic data (5400 loci) from 1018 species.

Photochemical activity in developing pea (Pisum sativum L.) cotyledons depends on the light transmittance of covering tissues and the spectral composition of light.

Many crops require not only leaf photosynthesis for their seed development but also the photochemical reactions that occur in the seeds. The purpose of this work was a comparative analysis of light transmittance and photochemical activity in the leaves of Pisum sativum L. and its pericarp, seed coat, and cotyledons at the early, middle, and late maturation stages.

Gut Microbiota's Oxalate-Degrading Activity and Its Implications on Cardiovascular Health in Patients with Kidney Failure: A Pilot Prospective Study.

: The present study aims to investigate the association between gut microbiota's oxalate-degrading activity (ODA) and the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) over a three-year follow-up period in a cohort of patients undergoing kidney replacement therapy (KRT). Additionally, various factors were examined to gain insight into the potential mechanisms underlying the ODA-CVD link. : A cohort of 32 KRT patients and 18 healthy volunteers was enrolled in this prospective observational pilot study.

Optimal Scheduling in General Multi-Queue System by Combining Simulation and Neural Network Techniques.

The problem of optimal scheduling in a system with parallel queues and a single server has been extensively studied in queueing theory. However, such systems have mostly been analysed by assuming homogeneous attributes of arrival and service processes, or Markov queueing models were usually assumed in heterogeneous cases. The calculation of the optimal scheduling policy in such a queueing system with switching costs and arbitrary inter-arrival and service time distributions is not a trivial task.

Oxalate Homeostasis in Non-Stone-Forming Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review of Key Findings and Perspectives.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant global public health concern associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. The maintenance of oxalate homeostasis plays a critical role in preserving kidney health, particularly in the context of CKD. Although the relationship between oxalate and kidney stone formation has been extensively investigated, our understanding of oxalate homeostasis in non-stone-forming CKD remains limited.

Research of Russian physicians' opinions on tuberculosis pharmacogenetics.

Background: There is currently no widespread implementation of pharmacogenetic testing (PGx) methods in the practice of phthisiology service.

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine how informed and prepared phthisiologists, residents, and postgraduate students of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education (RMACPE, Moscow) use PGx techniques in their work to improve treatment safety, predict the occurrence of adverse reactions (ADRs), and personalize therapy.

Methods: A survey was conducted among phthisiologists (n = 314) living in different regions of the Russian Federation and studying at RMACPE, such as residents and post-graduate students (n = 185).

The Gut-Peritoneum Axis in Peritoneal Dialysis and Peritoneal Fibrosis.

Peritoneal fibrosis is an important cause of peritoneal dialysis (PD) discontinuation worldwide and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rate. Although the era of metagenomics has provided new insights into the interactions between the gut microbiota and fibrosis in various organs and tissues, its role in peritoneal fibrosis has rarely been discussed. This review provides a scientific rationale and points out the potential role of gut microbiota in peritoneal fibrosis.

Middle Holocene Siberian genomes reveal highly connected gene pools throughout North Asia.

The peopling history of North Asia remains largely unexplored due to the limited number of ancient genomes analyzed from this region. Here, we report genome-wide data of ten individuals dated to as early as 7,500 years before present from three regions in North Asia, namely Altai-Sayan, Russian Far East, and the Kamchatka Peninsula. Our analysis reveals a previously undescribed Middle Holocene Siberian gene pool in Neolithic Altai-Sayan hunter-gatherers as a genetic mixture between paleo-Siberian and ancient North Eurasian (ANE) ancestries.

Temporal change in plant communities and its relationship to soil salinity and microtopography on the Caspian Sea coast.

The gradual drying up of saltwater bodies creates habitats that are characterised by changing environmental conditions and might be available only for a subset of plants from the local flora. Using two terrestrial areas with different ages on the Caspian Coast as a chronosequence, we investigated factors including microtopography, ground water level and soil salinity that drive plant community succession after the retreat of the sea. Vegetation of the two key sites appearing after the retreat of the Caspian Sea about 365 and 1412 years ago were compared in terms of both evolutionary and ecological traits of plants.

Prognostic Assessment of Stress-Related Factors in Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic is an extraordinary challenge for all countries and affects the psychological wellbeing of healthcare professionals working with people suffering from COVID-19 and puts them at a high risk of mental health problems. The aim of the study was to identify stress-related factors that affect the mental health of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine.

Subjects And Methods: A total of 1098 Ukrainian healthcare workers were surveyed using an online questionnaire consisting of questions relating to a) socio-demographic characteristics; b) perceptions of the COVID-19 related situation; and c) stress and protective factors.

How Advanced Is Our Understanding of the Role of Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections.

A comprehensive understanding of urinary tract infections (UTIs), one of the most common human infections, is required as they are complex and poorly understood diseases. Periurethral and vaginal colonization by rectal flora, with the constant presence of pathogens in the urethra, is the initial step of the recurrent UTIs pathway. Current scientific data describe the genetic, etiological, biological, and behavioral risk factors for recurring UTIs, but they do not include the effect of intestinal barrier function on the disease.

Oxalate Balance in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Potential Role of Dialysis-related Peritonitis.

Background: Little evidence is available on oxalate balance in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.

Patients And Methods: We performed a cross-sectional observational pilot study with 62 adult PD patients to document oxalate balance and explore its association with PD-related peritonitis. Plasma oxalate concentration, levels of oxalate excretion in 24-h urine, and peritoneal dialysis effluent were evaluated.

Synbiotic supplementation and oxalate homeostasis in rats: focus on microbiota oxalate-degrading activity.

The present study aimed (i) to evaluate whether ceftriaxone treatment could affect not only intestinal oxalate-degrading bacteria number but also their total activity to degrade oxalate and influence oxalate homeostasis in rats, (ii) and to estimate the ability of commercially available inulin-contained synbiotic to restore fecal oxalate-degrading activity and ceftriaxone-induced disruption of oxalate homeostasis in rats. Twenty-eight female Wistar rats (200-300 g) were randomly divided into four groups (n = 7). Group 1 was treated with vehicle sterile water (0.

Registry of Acute Myocardial Infarction. REGION-MI - Russian Registry of Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Aim      To study features of diagnosis and treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Russian hospitals, results of the treatment, and early and late outcomes (6 and 12 months after AMI diagnosis); to evaluate the consistence of the treatment with clinical guidelines; and to evaluate patients' compliance with the treatment.Material and methods  The program was designed for 3 years, including 24 months for recruitment of patients to the study. The study will include 10, 000 patients hospitalized with a confirmed diagnosis (I21 according to ICD-10) of ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (MI) (STEMI) or non-ST segment elevation MI (NSTEMI) based on criteria of the European Society of Cardiology Guidelines on Forth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction (2018).

Plasma oxalic acid and cardiovascular risk in end-stage renal disease patients: a prospective, observational cohort pilot study.

Background/aims: It was hypothesized that oxalate might be strongly involved in atherogenesis and the inflammatory pathway that could result in an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Therefore, this study aimed to address two primary research questions: to characterize the lipid profile and the pattern of pro-inflammatory cytokines according to plasma oxalic acid (POx) concentration in ESRD patients; to evaluate the potential role of elevated POx concentration in the development of CVD risk.

Methods: A total of 73 participants were enrolled in this prospective, observational cohort pilot study.