Implementation of a CBT-based dental anxiety management pathway for patients with learning disabilities.

Dental anxiety is a common phenomenon in the general population and may be more prevalent in people with learning disabilities. There is growing interest in the use of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) approaches, including within dental anxiety management. However, relatively little is known regarding the application of CBT approaches in dental anxiety management for patients with learning disabilities.

Analysis of the Structure of Heavy Ion Irradiated LaFeO Using Grazing Angle X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy.

Crystalline ceramics are candidate materials for the immobilization of radionuclides, particularly transuranics (such as U, Pu, and Am), arising from the nuclear fuel cycle. Due to the α-decay of transuranics and the associated recoil of the parent nucleus, crystalline materials may eventually be rendered amorphous through changes to the crystal lattice caused by these recoil events. Previous work has shown irradiation of titanate-based ceramics to change the local cation environment significantly, particularly in the case of Ti which was shown to change from 6- to 5-fold coordination.

Social Disadvantage and Multimorbidity Including Oral Conditions in the United States.

Existing studies on multimorbidity have largely excluded oral diseases in multimorbidity prevalence estimates. The reason behind this is somewhat unclear, as chronic oral conditions are highly prevalent, affecting over half the global population. To address this gap, we examined the relationship between social disadvantage and multimorbidity, stratifying by the inclusion and exclusion of oral conditions.

Inequalities in dental services use by older adults in Chile according to eligibility for a national dental programme.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and trends in dental service use among Chilean older adults (60+ years) between 2006 and 2017; to assess the association between socioeconomic factors and dental service use and type (public/private) in 2017 and whether these differ by eligibility to a national dental programme (GES-60).

Methods: This study involved secondary data analysis of five nationally representative cross-sectional surveys between 2006 and 2017. Trends were assessed for use of dental services and types of services used among 60-79-year-olds.

A multimodal X-ray spectroscopy investigation of uranium speciation in ThTiO compounds with the brannerite structure.

ThTiO derived compounds with the brannerite structure were designed, synthesised, and characterised with the aim of stabilising incorporation of U or U, at dilute concentration. Appropriate charge compensation was targeted by co-substitution of Gd, Ca, Al, or Cr, on the Th or Ti site. U L edge X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (XANES) and High Energy Resolution Fluorescence Detected U M edge XANES evidenced U as the major oxidation state in all compounds, with a minor fraction of U (2-13%).

Crystal chemical design, synthesis and characterisation of U(IV)-dominant betafite phases for actinide immobilisation.

Crystal chemical design principles were applied to synthesise novel U dominant and titanium excess betafite phases CaUZrTiO and CaUZrTiO, in high yield (85-95 wt%), and ceramic density reaching 99% of theoretical. Substitution of Ti on the A-site of the pyrochlore structure, in excess of full B-site occupancy, enabled the radius ratio (r/r = 1.69) to be tuned into the pyrochlore stability field, approximately 1.

Underpinning the use of indium as a neutron absorbing additive in zirconolite by X-ray absorption spectroscopy.

Indium (In) is a neutron absorbing additive that could feasibly be used to mitigate criticality in ceramic wasteforms containing Pu in the immobilised form, for which zirconolite (nominally CaZrTiO) is a candidate host phase. Herein, the solid solutions CaZrInTiO (0.10 ≤ x ≤ 1.

Case report: Colonic actinomycosis - A rare cause of a locally advanced colonic tumour.

Introduction And Importance: Colon cancer is a common malignancy and is often encountered initially as locally advanced disease. However, there are many benign clinical entities that may masquerade as complicated colonic malignancy. Abdominal actinomycosis is one such rare mimic.

Spectroscopic identification of Ca-bearing uranyl silicates formed in C-S-H systems.

Portland cement-based grouts used for radioactive waste immobilisation contain a Ca- and Si-rich binder phase, known as calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H). Depending on the blend of cement used, the Ca/Si ratio can vary considerably. A range of C-S-H minerals with Ca/Si ratios from 0.

Cr solid solution in UO evidenced by advanced spectroscopy.

Advanced Cr-doped UO fuels are essential for driving safe and efficient generation of nuclear energy. Although widely deployed, little is known about their fundamental chemistry, which is a critical gap for development of new fuel materials and radioactive waste management strategies. Utilising an original approach, we directly evidence the chemistry of CrO-doped UO.

Phase Evolution in the CaZrTiO-DyTiO System: A Potential Host Phase for Minor Actinide Immobilization.

Zirconolite is considered to be a suitable wasteform material for the immobilization of Pu and other minor actinide species produced through advanced nuclear separations. Here, we present a comprehensive investigation of Dy incorporation within the self-charge balancing zirconolite CaZrDyTiO solid solution, with the view to simulate trivalent minor actinide immobilization. Compositions in the substitution range 0.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on oral health inequalities and access to oral healthcare in England.

While the impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on health inequalities is documented, oral health has been absent from this discussion. This commentary highlights the potential impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on oral health inequalities in England in February 2021. It includes a literature review, Public Health England and Kantar Worldpanel sales data on health behaviours and analysis of NHS dental services data.

HERMES - a GUI-based software tool for pre-processing of X-ray absorption spectroscopy data from laboratory Rowland circle spectrometers.

HERMES, a graphical user interface software tool, is presented, for pre-processing X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data from laboratory Rowland circle spectrometers, to meet the data handling needs of a growing community of practice. HERMES enables laboratory XAS data to be displayed for quality assessment, merging of data sets, polynomial fitting of smoothly varying data, and correction of data to the true energy scale and for dead-time and leakage effects. The software is written in Java 15 programming language, and runs on major computer operating systems, with graphics implementation using the JFreeChart toolkit.

Spectroscopic evaluation of U-cement mineral interactions: ettringite and hydrotalcite.

Portland cement based grouts used for radioactive waste immobilization contain high replacement levels of supplementary cementitious materials, including blast-furnace slag and fly ash. The minerals formed upon hydration of these cements may have capacity for binding actinide elements present in radioactive waste. In this work, the minerals ettringite (CaAl(SO)(OH)·26HO) and hydrotalcite (MgAl(OH)CO·4HO) were selected to investigate the importance of minor cement hydrate phases in sequestering and immobilizing U from radioactive waste streams.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structure of Dominant Uranium(V) Brannerites in the UTiAlO System.

The synthesis, characterization, and crystal structure of a novel (dominant) uranium(V) brannerite of composition UTiAlO is reported, as determined from Rietveld analysis of the high-resolution neutron powder diffraction data. Examination of the UTiAlO system demonstrated the formation of brannerite-structured compounds with varying Al and U contents, from UTiAlO to UTiAlO. Substitution of Al for Ti, with U charge compensation, resulted in near-linear changes in the and unit cell parameters and the overall unit cell volume, as expected from ionic radii considerations.

Symmetry and the Role of the Anion Sublattice in Aurivillius Oxyfluoride BiTiOF.

The photocatalytic and dielectric behaviors of Aurivillius oxyfluorides such as BiTiOF depend sensitively on their crystal structure and symmetry but these are not fully understood. Our experimental work combined with symmetry analysis demonstrates the factors that influence anion order and how this might be tuned to break inversion symmetry. We explore an experimental approach to explore anion order, which combines Rietveld analysis with strain analysis.

Use of AUDIT-C alcohol screening tool in NHS general dental practices in North London.

Background The numerous health risks of excessive alcohol consumption are well documented. Individuals at risk of harm from alcohol consumption can be identified through alcohol screening tools; however, there is limited research regarding their use in general dental practices.Methods Data were collected as part of a feasibility trial evaluating delivery of brief alcohol advice in general dental practices in North London.

Mid-adolescent ethnic variations in overweight prevalence in the UK Millennium Cohort Study.

Background: There are stark ethnic inequalities in the prevalence of UK childhood obesity. However, data on adolescent overweight in different ethnic groups are limited. This study assessed ethnic inequalities in overweight prevalence during mid-adolescence using body mass index (BMI) and explored the contribution of socioeconomic and behavioural factors.

Low-Temperature Nitridation of FeO by Reaction with NaNH.

Low-temperature soft chemical synthesis routes to transition-metal nitrides are of interest as an alternative to conventional high-temperature ammonolysis reactions involving large volumes of chemotoxic NH gas. One such method is the reaction between metal oxides and NaNH at ca. 200 °C to yield the counterpart nitrides; however, there remains uncertainty regarding the reaction mechanism and product phase assemblage (in particular, noncrystalline components).

Correction: Synthesis and characterisation of brannerite compositions (UCe) M TiO (M = Gd, Ca) for the immobilisation of MOX residues.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C7RA11742F.].

The Effect of Temperature on the Stability and Cerium Oxidation State of CeTiO in Inert and Oxidizing Atmospheres.

Aliquots of well-characterized Ce-brannerite were annealed at different temperatures under N and synthetic air atmospheres. The autoreduction of cerium at temperature was observed using thermogravimetry to monitor the mass lost as O was evolved. It has been shown that the brannerite structure is stable with a small fraction of Ce, charge-balanced by O vacancies.

Tuning between Proper and Hybrid-Improper Mechanisms for Polar Behavior in Cs TiNbO Dion-Jacobson Phases.

The Dion-Jacobson (DJ) family of perovskite-related materials have recently attracted interest due to their polar structures and properties, resulting from hybrid-improper mechanisms for ferroelectricity in = 2 systems and from proper mechanisms in = 3 CsBiTiNbO. We report here a combined experimental and computational study on analogous = 3 Cs TiNbO ( = La, Nd) materials. Density functional theory calculations reveal the shallow energy landscape in these systems and give an understanding of the competing structural models suggested by neutron and electron diffraction studies.

Characterisation and disposability assessment of multi-waste stream in-container vitrified products for higher activity radioactive waste.

Materials from GeoMelt® In-Container Vitrification (ICV)™ of simulant UK nuclear wastes were characterised to understand the partitioning of elements, including inactive surrogates for radionuclide species of interest, within the heterogeneous products. Aqueous durability analysis was performed to assess the potential disposability of the resulting wasteforms. The vitrification trial aimed to immobilise a variety of simulant legacy waste streams representative of decommissioning operations in the UK, including plutonium contaminated material, Magnox sludges and ion-exchange materials, which were vitrified upon the addition of glass forming additives.