Duration of immunotherapy in dMMR/MSI-H metastatic colorectal cancer patients.

Background: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has revolutionized treatment of mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, there is no evidence on the optimal treatment duration. We aimed to compare outcomes of different immunotherapy durations.

Total Tumor ADC Histogram Analysis: A New Tool for Predicting High-Risk Cytogenetic Abnormalities in Multiple Myeloma Patients.

Rationale And Objectives: We explored the feasibility of using total tumor apparent diffusion coefficient (ttADC) histogram parameters to predict high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities (HRCA) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and compared the performance of an image prediction model based on these parameters with that of a combined prediction model based on these parameters and clinical indicators.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the parameters of the ttADC histogram based on whole-body diffusion-weighted images(WB-DWI) and clinical indicators in 92 patients with MM. The patients were divided into HRCA and non-HRCA groups according to the results of the fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Immunotherapy in mismatch repair-deficient metastatic colorectal cancer - Outcome and novel predictive markers.

Background: This study aims to assess predictive markers for response to immunotherapy in dMMR/MSI-H metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients.

Materials And Methods: A study using two prospective cohorts from MD Anderson Cancer Center and Sheba Medical Center of consecutive patients with dMMR/MSI-H mCRC that were treated with immunotherapy between 2014-2022. Primary outcome was progression-free survival (PFS) and secondary outcome was overall response rate (ORR).

CVD of MoS single layer flakes using NaMoO - impact of oxygen and temperature-time-profile.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials are of great interest in many fields due to their astonishing properties at an atomic level thickness. Many fundamentally different methods to synthesize 2D materials, such as exfoliation or chemical vapor deposition (CVD), have been reported. Despite great efforts and progress to investigate and improve each synthesis method, mainly to increase the yield and quality of the synthesized 2D materials, most approaches still involve some compromise.

Evaluation of simultaneous multi-slice acquisition with advanced processing for free-breathing diffusion-weighted imaging in patients with liver metastasis.

Objectives: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) acquisition and advanced processing can accelerate acquisition time and improve MR image quality. This study evaluated the image quality and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements of free-breathing DWI acquired from patients with liver metastases using a prototype SMS-DWI acquisition (with/without an advanced processing option) and conventional DWI.

Methods: Four DWI schemes were compared in a pilot 5-patient cohort; three DWI schemes were further assessed in a 24-patient cohort.

Detection of a Chirality-Induced Spin Selective Quantum Capacitance in α-Helical Peptides.

Advanced Kelvin probe force microscopy simultaneously detects the quantum capacitance and surface potential of an α-helical peptide monolayer. These indicators shift when either the magnetic polarization or the enantiomer is toggled. A model based on a triangular quantum well in thermal and chemical equilibrium and electron-electron interactions allows for calculating the electrical potential profile from the measured data.

Iterative Denoising Accelerated 3D FLAIR Sequence for Hydrops MR Imaging at 3T.

Background And Purpose: 3D FLAIR sequences have become the criterion standard for identifying endolymphatic hydrops, but scan time remains an important limitation to their widespread use. Our purpose was to evaluate the diagnostic performance and image quality of an accelerated 3D FLAIR sequence combined with an iterative denoising algorithm.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective study performed on 30 patients with clinical suspicion of endolymphatic hydrops who underwent 3T MR imaging 4 hours after gadolinium injection using two 3D FLAIR sequences.

Tunable Subnanometer Gaps in Self-Assembled Monolayer Gold Nanoparticle Superlattices Enabling Strong Plasmonic Field Confinement.

Nanoparticle superlattices produced with controllable interparticle gap distances down to the subnanometer range are of superior significance for applications in electronic and plasmonic devices as well as in optical metasurfaces. In this work, a method to fabricate large-area (∼1 cm) gold nanoparticle (GNP) superlattices with a typical size of single domains at several micrometers and high-density nanogaps of tunable distances (from 2.3 to 0.

Combining b2500 diffusion-weighted imaging with BI-RADS improves the specificity of breast MRI.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of visual assessment of diffusion-weighted images (DWI) obtained with a b value of 2500 s/mm in addition to a conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol to characterize breast lesions.

Materials And Methods: This single-institution retrospective study included participants who underwent clinically indicated breast MRI and breast biopsy from May 2017 to February 2020. The examination included a conventional MRI protocol including DWI obtained with a b value of 50 s/mm (bDWI) and a b value of 800 s/mm (bDWI) and DWI obtained with a b value of 2500 s/mm (bDWI).

Improved detection of juxtacortical lesions using highly accelerated double inversion-recovery MRI in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare a highly-accelerated double inversion recovery (fast-DIR) sequence using a recent parallel imaging technique (CAIPIRINHA) with a conventional DIR (conv-DIR) sequence for image quality and the detection of juxtacortical and infratentorial multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions.

Materials And Methods: A total of 38 patients with MS who underwent brain MRI at 3 T between 2020 and 2021 were included. There were 27 women and 12 men with a mean age of 40 ± 12.

Selective Intra-Arterial Doxorubicin Eluting Microsphere Embolization for Desmoid Fibromatosis: A Combined Prospective and Retrospective Study.

Desmoid fibromatoses (DFs) are locally aggressive tumors composed of monoclonal fibroblasts within an abundant extracellular matrix. Systemic doxorubicin treatment is effective, but toxic. We investigated arterial doxorubicin eluting embolization (DEE), an approach characterized by high drug concentrations in the tumor alongside limited systemic drug exposure.

Local strain and tunneling current modulate excitonic luminescence in MoS monolayers.

The excitonic luminescence of monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS) on a gold substrate is studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). STM-induced light emission (STM-LE) from MoS is assigned to the radiative decay of and excitons. The intensity ratio of and exciton emission is modulated by the tunneling current, since the exciton emission intensity saturates at high tunneling currents.

Reduction of the cardiac pulsation artifact and improvement of lesion conspicuity in flow-compensated diffusion images in the liver-A quantitative evaluation of postprocessing algorithms.

Purpose: To enhance image quality of flow-compensated diffusion-weighted liver MRI data by increasing the lesion conspicuity and reducing the cardiac pulsation artifact using postprocessing algorithms.

Methods: Diffusion-weighted image data of 40 patients with liver lesions had been acquired at 1.5 T.

Real-world evidence for immunotherapy in the first line setting in small cell lung cancer.

Objective: Despite major progress over the past decade in the field of lung cancer care, only mild advances have occurred in Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC), with prognosis remaining poor. Based on two randomized clinical trials (RCTs), two checkpoint-inhibitors have recently been approved in extensive-SCLC with moderate improvements in median overall survival (OS). However, only limited data exist regarding the impact of immunotherapy in real-world SCLC patients.

Three-month follow-up of durability of response to the third dose of the SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine in adults aged 60 years and older: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the durability of response 3 months after the third BNT162b2 vaccine in adults aged 60 years and older.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Single tertiary centre.

Antibody Titers After a Third and Fourth SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 Vaccine Dose in Older Adults.

This cohort study evaluates the response to a third and fourth SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine dose among individuals aged 60 years or older by evaluating antispike immunoglobulin G antibody titers before and after each dose.

Improved detection of multiple sclerosis lesions with T2-prepared double inversion recovery at 3T.

Background And Purpose: Double inversion recovery (DIR) imaging is used in multiple sclerosis (MS) clinical protocols to improve the detection of cortical and juxtacortical gray matter lesions by nulling confounding signals originating from the cerebrospinal fluid and white matter. Achieving a high isotropic spatial resolution, to depict the neocortex and its typically small lesions, is challenged by the reduced signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) determined by multiple tissue signal nulling. Here, we evaluate both conventional and optimized DIR implementations to improve tissue contrast (TC), SNR, and MS lesion conspicuity.

Flow-compensated diffusion encoding in MRI for improved liver metastasis detection.

Magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is often used to detect focal liver lesions (FLLs), though DWI image quality can be limited in the left liver lobe owing to the pulsatile motion of the nearby heart. Flow-compensated (FloCo) diffusion encoding has been shown to reduce this pulsation artifact. The purpose of this prospective study was to intra-individually compare DWI of the liver acquired with conventional monopolar and FloCo diffusion encoding for assessing metastatic FLLs in non-cirrhotic patients.

Humoral and T-Cell Response before and after a Fourth BNT162b2 Vaccine Dose in Adults ≥60 Years.

Both humoral and cellular anamnestic responses are significant for protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2. In the current study, the responses in elderly people before and after a fourth vaccine dose of BNT162b2 were compared to those of individuals immunized with three vaccine doses. Although a boost effect was observed, the high response following the third administration questions the necessity of an early fourth boost.

Palbociclib in combination with sunitinib exerts a synergistic anti-cancer effect in patient-derived xenograft models of various human cancers types.

The efficacy/safety of combining palbociclib (a CDK4/6 inhibitor) and sunitinib (a multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor) was evaluated, using patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Twenty-three PDX mice models were developed from patients with various solid tumors. The mice were randomized to 4 groups (5-6 mice in each): control/palbociclib (100 mg/kg)/sunitinib (50 mg/kg)/combination.

Improving Cardiovascular Disease Prediction Using Automated Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring from Existing Chest CTs.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prediction models are widely used in modern medicine and are incorporated into prominent guidelines. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) is a marker of coronary atherosclerotic disease and has proven utility for predicting cardiovascular disease. Despite this, current guidelines recommend against including CAC scores in CVD prediction models due to the medical and financial costs of acquiring it, and the insufficient evidence concerning its ability to improve existing models.

Immunogenicity of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in patients with primary brain tumors: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: Immunogenicity of Covid-19 vaccines may be negatively impacted by anti-cancer treatment. The management of primary brain tumors (PBTs) routinely includes temozolomide and steroids, which are immune-suppressive. We aimed to determine the rate of seropositivity in PBT patients following receipt of two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine.

Antibody Titers Before and After a Third Dose of the SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 Vaccine in Adults Aged ≥60 Years.

This study assesses antispike (anti-S) IgG antibody titers before and after a third BNT162b2 dose (booster) in individuals aged 60 years and older in Israel.

Iterative denoising accelerated 3D SPACE FLAIR sequence for brain MR imaging at 3T.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate image quality of three-dimensional fluid attenuated inversion recovery (3D-FLAIR) sequence acquired with a high acceleration factor and reconstructed with iterative denoising (ID) for brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3-T.

Material And Methods: Patients with brain tumor who underwent brain MRI were consecutively included. Two 3D-FLAIR sequences were successively performed for each patient.

Impact of the F-FDG-PET/MRI on Metastatic Staging in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Initial Results from 104 Patients.

Optimal HCC therapeutic management relies on accurate tumor staging. Our aim was to assess the impact of F-FDG-WB-PET/MRI on HCC metastatic staging, compared with the standard of care CT-CAP/liver MRI combination, in patients with HCC referred on a curative intent or before transarterial radioembolization. One hundred and four consecutive patients followed for HCC were retrospectively included.