Personality matters in extremely demanding environments: A bed rest performance study.

Introduction: Personality is a rather neglected aspect in bed rest studies. The aim of the study was to clarify which specific personality pattern may predict the performance of bed rest study participants.

Materials And Methods: Personality traits were correlated with participants' performance rated by the team running the study.

Do applicants from Generation X, Y, Z differ in personality traits? data from selection procedures in aviation (1987-2019).

Introduction: The objective of this study is to research personality trait differences across generations and the impact of age, gender and self-presentation on these traits.

Methods: A total of 82,147 applicants (aged 17-24) for aviation training (pilot, air traffic controller), born between 1965 and 2002, were divided into three cohorts (Generation X, Y, Z). We analysed data from the (TSS) personality questionnaire, which was collected during selection procedures between 1987 and 2019.

Individual differences in the temporal progression of motion sickness and anxiety: the role of passengers' trait anxiety and motion sickness history.

The objective of the study is to show that trait anxiety and motion sickness history are responsible for different temporal progressions of sickness in passengers. The level of inflight anxiety and inflight sickness severity was monitored for 124 passengers in a full-motion cabin simulator during a short-haul flight with four different flight segments. Four groups with different characteristics in trait anxiety and motion sickness susceptibility showed different profiles of inflight sickness development.

Emotional and Cognitive Modulation of Cybersickness: The Role of Pain Catastrophizing and Body Awareness.

Objective: The goal was to investigate the influence of the tendency to catastrophize somatic symptoms and body awareness on motion-related sickness.

Background: Influences of emotional and cognitive-evaluative processes on the genesis of motion sickness or cybersickness have rarely been investigated. Brain imaging studies showed activation during cybersickness, resembling the pattern found for pain processing.

CYP24A1 variant modifies the association between use of oestrogen plus progestogen therapy and colorectal cancer risk.

Background: Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) use has been consistently associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in women. Our aim was to use a genome-wide gene-environment interaction analysis to identify genetic modifiers of CRC risk associated with use of MHT.

Methods: We included 10 835 postmenopausal women (5419 cases and 5416 controls) from 10 studies.

Toward Rigorous Data Harmonization in Cancer Epidemiology Research: One Approach.

Cancer epidemiologists have a long history of combining data sets in pooled analyses, often harmonizing heterogeneous data from multiple studies into 1 large data set. Although there are useful websites on data harmonization with recommendations and support, there is little research on best practices in data harmonization; each project conducts harmonization according to its own internal standards. The field would be greatly served by charting the process of data harmonization to enhance the quality of the harmonized data.

Gene-environment interaction involving recently identified colorectal cancer susceptibility Loci.

Background: Genome-wide association studies have identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with risk of colorectal cancer. Prior research has evaluated the presence of gene-environment interaction involving the first 10 identified susceptibility loci, but little work has been conducted on interaction involving SNPs at recently identified susceptibility loci, including: rs10911251, rs6691170, rs6687758, rs11903757, rs10936599, rs647161, rs1321311, rs719725, rs1665650, rs3824999, rs7136702, rs11169552, rs59336, rs3217810, rs4925386, and rs2423279.

Methods: Data on 9,160 cases and 9,280 controls from the Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium (GECCO) and Colon Cancer Family Registry (CCFR) were used to evaluate the presence of interaction involving the above-listed SNPs and sex, body mass index (BMI), alcohol consumption, smoking, aspirin use, postmenopausal hormone (PMH) use, as well as intake of dietary calcium, dietary fiber, dietary folate, red meat, processed meat, fruit, and vegetables.

A pooled analysis of smoking and colorectal cancer: timing of exposure and interactions with environmental factors.

Background: Considerable evidence suggests that cigarette smoking is associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). What is unclear, however, is the impact of quitting smoking on risk attenuation and whether other risk factors for CRC modify this association.

Methods: We conducted a pooled analysis of eight studies, including 6,796 CRC cases and 7,770 controls, to evaluate the association between cigarette smoking history and CRC risk and to investigate potential effect modification by other risk factors.

Characterization of gene-environment interactions for colorectal cancer susceptibility loci.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than a dozen loci associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Here, we examined potential effect-modification between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at 10 of these loci and probable or established environmental risk factors for CRC in 7,016 CRC cases and 9,723 controls from nine cohort and case-control studies. We used meta-analysis of an efficient empirical-Bayes estimator to detect potential multiplicative interactions between each of the SNPs [rs16892766 at 8q23.