Ten-Year Antimicrobial Resistance Trend in Uropathogenic (UPEC) Isolated from Dogs and Cats Admitted to a Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Italy.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common occurrence in cats and dogs. Surveillance of antibiotic resistance trends helps in the prudent selection of suitable antimicrobial agents. However, there are limited available data on this matter in Italy.

Sulfonamide resistance evaluation in five animal species and first report of sul4 in companion animals.

Sulfonamides are one of the oldest groups of antibacterial agents with a broad-spectrum, used as first line treatment in bacterial infections. Their widespread use produced a selective pressure on bacteria, as observed by the high incidence of sulfonamides resistance mainly in Gram negative bacteria isolated from animals. In this research, the presence of sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, sul3, and sul4) in phenotypically resistant Escherichia coli isolates has been studied.

Detection and genetic characterization of chicken astrovirus and avian nephritis virus from hatchery to farm.

Identified the role of the hatchery in astrovirus transmission.Sequenced the avian nephritis virus complete genome.Investigated tissue distribution of astrovirus from egg to chicks.

Cytokine Biomarkers of Exacerbations in Sputum From Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: We determined the relationships between cytokine expression in sputum and clinical data to characterize and understand chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations in people with COPD.

Methods: We measured 30 cytokines in 936 sputum samples, collected at stable state and exacerbation visits from 99 participants in the Acute Exacerbation and Respiratory InfectionS in COPD (AERIS) study (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01360398).

In vitro effects of different ozone preparations on microorganisms responsible for endometritis in the mare.

Infectious endometritis is considered one of the major causes of infertility and it can affect up to 60% of barren mares. It is characterized by the presence of one or more microorganisms in the reproductive tract and it is treated with the administration of antibiotics, ecbolic agents and uterine lavages. Ozone, thanks to its antimicrobial properties that are based on its high oxidative potential, could represent an effective alternative treatment for endometritis.

Biosecurity and Hygiene Procedures in Pig Farms: Effects of a Tailor-Made Approach as Monitored by Environmental Samples.

In livestock, the importance of hygiene management is gaining importance within the context of biosecurity. The aim of this study was to monitor the implementation of biosecurity and hygiene procedures in 20 swine herds over a 12-month period, as driven by tailor-made plans, including training on-farm. The measure of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) environmental contents was used as an output biomarker.

Antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli in wild birds hospitalised in a wildlife rescue centre.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the consequence of a hospitalisation period on antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from wild bird species admitted in the wildlife rescue centre of the Department of Veterinary Sciences (Turin University, Italy). Samples were collected from 121 raptors and 51 synanthropic animals, at the time of arrival as well as 5 and 10 days afterwards for a total of 372 faecal samples, and the susceptibility of E. coli strains was tested to a panel of seven antibacterials.

Resistance to Critical Important Antibacterials in Strains of Veterinary Origin.

Staphylococcal infections represent a challenge in companion animals and hospitalized patients. This study aimed to assess the resistance of isolates, against a broad panel of antibacterials, including exclusive to human medicine. A total of 40 were collected from clinical specimens of dogs ( = 31) and cats ( = 5).

Towards time resolved characterization of electrochemical reactions: electrochemically-induced Raman spectroscopy.

Structural characterization of transient electrochemical species in the sub-millisecond time scale is the all-time wish of any electrochemist. Presently, common time resolution of structural spectro-electrochemical methods is about 0.1 seconds.

Staphylococci isolated from cats in Italy with superficial pyoderma and allergic dermatitis: Characterisation of isolates and their resistance to antimicrobials.

Background: In cats, superficial pyoderma traditionally is considered rare and few reports are available. There is a particular lack of studies concerning Staphylococcus species associated with pyoderma in subjects affected by allergic skin diseases.

Hypothesis/objectives: (i) To evaluate the association between Staphylococcus spp.

Homozygous CADPS2 Mutations Cause Neurodegenerative Disease with Lewy Body-like Pathology in Parrots.

Background: Several genetic models that recapitulate neurodegenerative features of Parkinson's disease (PD) exist, which have been largely based on genes discovered in monogenic PD families. However, spontaneous genetic mutations have not been linked to the pathological hallmarks of PD in non-human vertebrates.

Objective: To describe the genetic and pathological findings of three Yellow-crowned parrot (Amazona ochrocepahala) siblings with a severe and rapidly progressive neurological phenotype.

Feasibility of 16S rRNA sequencing for cerebrospinal fluid microbiome analysis in cattle with neurological disorders: a pilot study.

Bacterial infection of the central nervous system (CNS) in cattle requires prompt and adequate antimicrobial treatment. The current gold standard for antemortem etiological diagnosis is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture, which often yields false negative results. CSF has long been considered a sterile district in healthy patients, but this notion has been recently challenged.

The Anesthetic Techniques for Earthquake Victims in Indonesia.

Introduction: In Lombok, three-large magnitude earthquakes occurred in July 2018 and caused major losses: 564 victims died, 1684 were injured, 445,343 people became refugees, and 215,628 houses were damaged. It damaged 408 health facilities, consisting of 89 public health centers, 13 hospitals, 174 auxiliary public health centers, 132 village health posts.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to describe the anesthetic techniques that were used to treat earthquake victims.

High coverage of diverse invasive meningococcal serogroup B strains by the 4-component vaccine 4CMenB in Australia, 2007-2011: Concordant predictions between MATS and genetic MATS.

Meningococcal serogroup B (MenB) accounts for an important proportion of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). The 4-component vaccine against MenB (4CMenB) is composed of factor H binding protein (fHbp), neisserial heparin-binding antigen (NHBA), adhesin A (NadA), and outer membrane vesicles of the New Zealand strain with Porin 1.4.

ANERGY TO SYNERGY-THE ENERGY FUELING THE RXCOVEA FRAMEWORK.

We write to introduce our novel group formed to confront some of the issues raised by the COVID-19 pandemic. Information about the group, which we named "cure COVid for Ever and for All" (RxCOVEA), its dynamic membership (changing regularly), and some of its activities-described in more technical detail for expert perusal and commentary-are available upon request.

Evaluation of Innate Immune Mediators Related to Respiratory Viruses in the Lung of Stable COPD Patients.

Little is known about the innate immune response to viral infections in stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Objectives: To evaluate the innate immune mediators related to respiratory viruses in the bronchial biopsies and lung parenchyma of stable COPD patients. We evaluated the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of Toll-like receptors 3-7-8-9 (TLR-3-7-8-9), TIR domain-containing adaptor inducing IFNβ (TRIF), Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), Phospho interferon regulatory factor 3  ( pIRF3), Interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), Phospho interferon regulatory factor 7 (pIRF7), retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG1), melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DHX58 ( LGP2), Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS), Stimulator of interferon genes (STING), DNA-dependent activator of IFN regulatory factors (DAI), forkhead box protein A3(FOXA3), Interferon alfa (IFNα), and Interferon beta (IFNβ) in the bronchial mucosa of patients with mild/moderate ( = 16), severe/very severe ( = 18) stable COPD, control smokers (CS) ( = 12), and control non-smokers (CNS) ( = 12).

Culture-Confirmed Invasive Meningococcal Disease in Canada, 2010 to 2014: Characterization of Serogroup B Strains and Their Predicted Coverage by the 4CMenB Vaccine.

The molecular epidemiology of culture-confirmed invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in Canada from 2010 to 2014 was studied with an emphasis on serogroup B (MenB) isolates, including their predicted coverage by the 4CMenB vaccine. The mean annual incidence rates of culture confirmed IMD varied from 0.19/100,000 in Ontario to 0.

Does vaccination with 4CMenB convey protection against meningococcal serogroup B strains not predicted to be covered by MATS? A study of the UK clonal complex cc269.

The Meningococcal Antigen Typing System (MATS) has been developed as an hSBA surrogate to evaluate potential coverage afforded by the 4-component meningococcal serogroup B vaccine (4CMenB: , GSK). We investigated whether the lower value of MATS coverage among invasive Meningococcus serogroup B clonal complex 269 strains from the United Kingdom (53% in 2014-2015 versus 73% in 2007-2008) reflected the lower bactericidal activity of the vaccine against these isolates. A total of 34 MATS-negative strains (31 were cc269 or closely related) were tested against pooled sera from 32 or 72 4CMenB-vaccinated infants in a serum bactericidal antibody assay in presence of human complement (hSBA).

Novel Multiplex Immunoassays for Quantification of IgG against Group B Capsular Polysaccharides in Human Sera.

Group B (GBS) infections constitute a major cause of invasive disease during the first three months of life and an unmet medical need that could be addressed by maternal vaccination. The GBS capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) have shown promise as vaccine targets in clinical studies. A highly specific serological assay to quantify maternal and neonatal anti-CPS antibody levels will be instrumental for GBS vaccine licensure.

The effect of opioid therapy on sleep quality in patients with chronic non-malignant pain: A systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis.

Current guidelines recommend opioid therapy to chronic non-malignant pain (CNP) patients when the benefits for pain and function outweigh risks. This systematic review examined the effects of opioid therapy on sleep - a valued functional outcome- in CNP. Electronic and hand searches of relevant studies up through July 2017 identified 18 eligible studies providing data from 3,746 CNP patients for analysis.

Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and spotted fever group rickettsiae in small rodents and attached ticks in the Northern Apennines, Italy.

Ticks and ear biopsies were collected from wild small rodents in 2011 and 2012 in the northern Apennines (Italy), up to 1650 m above sea level. Apodemus spp. (n = 83) and Myodes glareolus (n = 22) were infested by Ixodes ricinus (192 larvae and two nymphs), Dermacentor marginatus (179 larvae and 29 nymphs), and Ixodes trianguliceps (three larvae and two nymphs).

Meningococcal Antigen Typing System (MATS)-Based Serogroup B Coverage Prediction for the MenB-4C Vaccine in the United States.

is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children and young adults worldwide. A 4-component vaccine against serogroup B (MenB) disease (MenB-4C [Bexsero]; GSK) combining factor H binding protein (fHBP), neisserial heparin binding protein (NHBA), neisserial adhesin A (NadA), and PorA-containing outer membrane vesicles was recently approved for use in the United States and other countries worldwide. Because the public health impact of MenB-4C in the United States is unclear, we used the meningococcal antigen typing system (MATS) to assess the strain coverage in a panel of strains representative of serogroup B (NmB) disease in the United States.