Modulation of the Human Erythrocyte Antioxidant System by the 5- and 6-Membered Heterocycle-Based Nitroxides.

Nitroxides are stable radicals consisting of a nitroxyl group, >N-O, which carries an unpaired electron. This group is responsible for the paramagnetic and antioxidant properties of these compounds. A recent study evaluated the effects of pyrrolidine and pyrroline derivatives of nitroxides on the antioxidant system of human red blood cells (RBCs).

The Effect of Piperidine Nitroxides on the Properties of Metalloproteins in Human Red Blood Cells.

Nitroxides are stable, low molecular-weight radicals containing a nitroxide group that has an unpaired electron. The presence of a nitroxide group determines their redox properties. The effect of the piperidine nitroxides, Tempo, Tempol, and Tempamine, on metalloproteins (hemoglobin, superoxide dismutase, catalase) and lactate dehydrogenase in red blood cells was investigated in this research.

Urinary concentration of selected nonpersistent endocrine disrupting chemicals-reproductive outcomes among women from a fertility clinic.

Parabens and benzophenones are compounds widely used in cosmetics and personal care products. Although human exposure is widespread there is a limited number of epidemiological studies assessing the relationship between exposure to these chemicals and female reproductive health. The aim of the study is to explore the relationship between paraben and benzophenone concentrations and reproductive outcomes among women attending a fertility center.

Evaluation of exposure to nano-sized particles among transport and vehicle service workers.

Background: Exposure to fine and ultrafine particles from transport processes is a main consequence of emissions from engines, especially those with self-ignition. The particles released in these processes are a source of occupational and environmental particles exposure. The aim of this study was to assess the fine and nano-sized particles emission degree during work connected with transport and vehicle servicing.

[Emission of nanometer size particles during selected processes with construction materials using].

Background: The aim of the presented work was the assessment of occupational exposure to nanoparticles and ultrafine particles during selected processes of using construction materials.

Material And Methods: The tests were carried out at the following workplaces: abrasion and pouring of 2 products - nanomortar and nanocrete. Measurements were carried out using the following devices: DiSCmini measurer, GRIMM 1.

Exposure to diesel exhaust fumes in the context of exposure to ultrafine particles.

Objectives: Diesel exhaust fumes emission is a significant source of ultrafine particles, the size of which is expressed in nanometers. People occupationally exposed to diesel exhaust particles include mainly workers servicing vehicles with engines of this type. This article presents the analysis of measurements of ultrafine particle concentrations occurring in the bus depot premises during the work connected with everyday technical servicing of buses.

[New sector of employment--a review of data on nanoproduction, research and development in the field of nanotechnology in Poland].

Nanotechnology is currently one of the fastest developing areas of science, focusing on the design, manufacture and use of nanomaterials. The term "nanomaterial" means any product made of nanometer-size (1-100 nm) structures. Due to the small size and unique properties of the applied nanomaterials there is a growing interest in their aplication in various fields of industry and science.

[Worker exposure to ultrafine particles during carbon black treatment].

Background: The aim of the project was to assess the exposure of workers to ultrafine particles released during handling and packing of carbon black. The assessment included the results of the measurements performed in a carbon black handling plant before, during, and after work shift.

Material And Methods: The number concentration of particles within the dimension range 10-1000 nm and 10-100 nm was assayed by a condensation particle counter (CPC).

[Exposure to respirable asbestos fibers at various stage of asbestos removal work].

Background: Damaged asbestos-containing materials are the source of asbestos fibers released into the outdoor or indoor environment. The highest risk concerns asbestos removal workers, and also other people staying near the performed work. The aim of this project was to analyze and assess air concentrations of asbestos fibers in different types of buildings with asbestos-containing elements under normal operation, as well as during demolition, renovation and maintenance work.

[Analysis of workers' exposure to dust in various chemical industry plants based on measurements conducted by work environment reseach laboratories in Poland in 2001-2005].

Background: The aim of this publication is to present the results of a detailed analysis of dust exposure in the production and processing of chemical substances, including the kind of produced materials, workposts and type of emitted dusts.

Material And Methods: Data on dust exposure were based on measurements of dust concentrations performed by industrial hygiene laboratories. Their results were obtained from sanitary and epidemiological stations operating throughout Poland.

[Dust concentration analysis in non-coal mining. Exposure evaluation based on measurements performed by occupational hygiene laboratories in the years 2001-2005 in Poland].

Background: Non-coal mining includes the extraction of materials for construction (stone, gravel, sand and clay), chemical industry (salt and sulfur), metallurgy (metal ores, uranium and thorium) and other mining and quarrying. Regardless of the type of mining company one of the most common health hazards in this sector is exposure to high concentrations of dust occurring during the extraction of materials. Such activities as drilling, use of blasting agents, processing of raw material, its transportation and loading are the source of large amounts of dust containing crystalline silica.

Airborne asbestos fibers detection in microscope images using re-initialization free active contours.

Breathing in asbestos fibers can lead to a number of diseases, the fibers become trapped in the lung and cannot be removed by either coughing or the person's immune system. Atmospheric concentrations of carcinogenic asbestos fibers, have traditionally been measured visually using phase contrast microscopy. However, because this measurement method requires great skill, and has poor reproducibility and objectivity, the development of automatic counting methods has been long anticipated.

[Exposure to silica dust in coal-mining. Analysis based on measurements made by industrial hygiene laboratories in Poland, 2001-2005].

Background: Exposure to dust is associated with a number of activities of the mining industry at every stage of the output process. Crushing machines, paving loaders, drilling blast holes, loading and transportation of excavated material are the major sources of dust emissions. The purpose of this study was to assess occupational exposure to silica dust in the hard and brown coal mines in Poland.

[Occupational exposure to nanoparticles. Assessment of workplace exposure].

Nanotechnology is currently one of the most popular branch of science. It is a technology that enables designing, manufacturing and application of materials and structures of very small dimensions, and its products are applied in almost every field of life. Nanoparticles are the structures having one or more dimensions of the order of 100 nm or less.

[Dust exposure assessment among construction workers in Poland, 2001-2005].

Background: Dust emitted during construction and renovation works is one of the most important occupational hazards in the construction branch of industry. A considerable amount of silica-containing dust emission occur during demolition, materials treatment, grinding and polishing, crushing and sieving of loose materials. The aim of the presented study was to analyze the dust exposure among construction workers employed at different workposts.

[Occupational exposure to silica dust by selected sectors of national economy in Poland based on electronic database].

Background: To evaluate occupational exposure to dusts, the Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine in Łódź, in collaboration with the Chief Sanitary Inspectorate, has developed the national database to store the results of routine dust exposure measurements performed by occupational hygiene and environmental protection laboratories in Poland in the years 2001-2005. It was assumed that the collected information will be useful in analyzing workers' exposure to free crystalline silica (WKK)-containing dusts in Poland, identyfing exceeded hygiene standards and showing relevant trends, which illustrate the dynamics of exposure in the years under study.

Material And Methods: Inhalable and respirable dust measurement using personal dosimetry were done according to polish standard PN-91/Z-04030/05 and PN-91/Z-04030/06.