Digital vs manual axis marking for toric phakic intraocular lens alignment: prospective randomized intraindividual trial.

Purpose: To compare visual and refractive outcomes and postoperative axis alignment for toric implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation in astigmatic myopia using manual vs digital marking techniques.

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

Design: Prospective randomized single-centered intraindividual comparison.

Paracentral acute middle maculopathy in otherwise, young healthy female patients.

Purpose: The retina is supplied with blood through superficial and deep capillary systems. Paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) is a relatively new terminology based on pathognomonic findings in the spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). A connection with various retinal vascular diseases has been described, which is indicative of an ischemic etiology.

Automated Measurement and Three-Dimensional Fitting of Corneal Ulcerations and Erosions via AI-Based Image Analysis.

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI)-tools hold great potential to compensate for missing resources in health-care systems but often fail to be implemented in clinical routine. Intriguingly, no-code and low-code technologies allow clinicians to develop Artificial intelligence (AI)-tools without requiring in-depth programming knowledge. Clinician-driven projects allow to adequately identify and address real clinical needs and, therefore, hold superior potential for clinical implementation.

The impact of surgeon's experience and sex on the incidence of cystoid macular edema after uneventful cataract surgery.

Purpose: To assess the rate of pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (pCME) in uneventful cataract surgery in surgeons in training vs experienced surgeons and to analyze the rate of pCME according to surgeon's sex.

Methods: Medical reports post phacoemulsification between 2010 and 2018 at the Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Graz, Austria, were reviewed for pCME. A running lifetime number of preceding cataract surgeries was used to express hands-on experience.

Evaluation of Acanthamoeba keratitis cases in a tertiary medical care centre over 21 years.

To report on Acanthamoeba keratitis cases in a tertiary university eye-hospital in Graz, Austria, over a 21-year period. Retrospective study. Parameters included demographics, diagnostics, clinical courses, medical therapies, surgical interventions, secondary complications, and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA).

Prion Protein on Human Leukocytes Is Reduced in Iron Deficiency - Possible Implications for Age-related Macular Degeneration?

Materials And Methods: Patients presenting to the department of ophthalmology of the Medical University of Graz for reasons unrelated to prion diseases were enrolled. Parameters of iron metabolism, including ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor were measured by routine laboratory tests. Serum prion protein was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

[SMILE - Small Incision Lenticule Extraction].

Refractive lenticule extraction is a corneal surgical technique that uses a femtosecond laser exclusively to create an intrastromal refractive lenticule for the correction of myopia and myopic astigmatism. In small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) the generated refractive lenticule is subsequently extracted through a small incision. The reported efficacy, predictability and safety of the flap-less SMILE procedure is similar to those of femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).

[Enhancements after Refractive Corneal Surgery].

This review article focusses on the management of enhancements after corneal refractive laser surgery. Fundamental issues regarding enhancement embrace identification of the underlying reason for postoperative ametropia, assurance of stability of refraction, type of primary refractive laser treatment and thorough evaluation of the given anatomical parameters of the cornea. With respect to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, different surgical options for enhancement strategies are displayed with their particular advantages and disadvantages including preoperative planning of the according laser parameters and postoperative patient management.

Characteristics of preoperative and postoperative astigmatism in patients having Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty.

Purpose: To evaluate the characteristics of preoperative and postoperative astigmatism in patients having Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Does Home-Based Progressive Resistance or High-Intensity Circuit Training Improve Strength, Function, Activity or Participation in Children With Cerebral Palsy?

Objective: Does home-based progressive resistance or high-intensity circuit training improve strength, function, activity, or participation in children with cerebral palsy (CP)?

Design: This was the first study on high-intensity circuit training for children with CP. This study was conducted as a randomized prospective controlled pilot study.

Setting: Evaluation took place at the gait laboratory of the university hospital, training sessions were performed at home.

Impact of a Displaced Corneal Apex in Small Incision Lenticule Extraction.

Purpose: To evaluate the possible impact of a displaced corneal apex (point of maximum curvature) on visual results and tomographic parameters after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

Methods: In this retrospective evaluation, eyes with uncomplicated SMILE for myopia correction were classified in two groups based on their preoperative distance between the corneal apex and corneal vertex (corneal intercept with the patient's line of sight) of 1 mm or greater (large A-V distance) or less than 1 mm (small A-V distance). All surgeries were performed during the early learning curve of two surgeons.

Visual results after implantation of a trifocal intraocular lens in high myopes.

Purpose: To report visual and refractive outcomes after implantation of a trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) in highly myopic patients.

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Evaluation of keratoconus progression.

Aim: To define variables for the evaluation of keratoconus progression and to determine cut-off values.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study (2010-2016), 265 eyes of 165 patients diagnosed with keratoconus underwent two Scheimpflug measurements (Pentacam) that took place 1 year apart ±3 months. Variables used for keratoconus detection were evaluated for progression and a correlation analysis was performed.

Comparison of standard and accelerated corneal cross-linking for the treatment of keratoconus: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: To compare results between standard and accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) for the treatment of progressive keratoconus.

Methods: We performed literature searches in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ISRCTN registry, ClinicalTrials.gov, and EMBASE for studies comparing conventional Dresden (C-CXL) and accelerated CXL (A-CXL).

Comparison of Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking Protocols Measured With Scheimpflug Tomography.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of corneal collagen cross-linking with Dresden and accelerated protocols to treat keratoconus by Scheimpflug tomography.

Methods: Fifty-eight eyes with manifest keratoconus were measured preoperatively at least twice with the Pentacam. The difference of relevant variables for keratoconus progression (eg, D value, thinnest pachymetry, Kmax) was established.

Refractive Outcomes After Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery in Eyes With Anterior Chamber Phakic Intraocular Lenses.

Purpose: To report the efficacy, predictability, and safety of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) in eyes with anterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses (IOLs).

Methods: This retrospective case series included eyes with previous implantation of an angle-supported and an iris-fixated phakic IOL for the correction of myopia that underwent a combined procedure of phakic IOL ex-plantation and FLACS with in-the-bag implantation of a posterior chamber IOL. Postoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), predictability of refractive outcome, and occurrence of intraoperative and postoperative complications were analyzed.

Early Tomographic Changes in the Eyes of Patients With Keratoconus.

Purpose: To identify tomographic variables best suited for detecting keratoconus before manifestation of ectatic changes and showing disease progression in the early stage.

Methods: Twenty-seven patients with diagnosed unilateral keratoconus were followed up for their fellow eye, which had not yet shown any ectatic changes, to determine initial change indicators toward keratoconus disease. Variables were compared to 50 normal eyes without any known disease.

Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery in eyes with foldable anterior or posterior chamber phakic intraocular lenses.

We describe a technique for the application of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery in eyes with cataract and previous implantation of a foldable anterior or posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (pIOL). In 2 eyes with an anterior chamber pIOL (angle-supported Acrysof Cachet) and 3 eyes with a posterior chamber pIOL (2 eyes with an Implantable Collamer Lens pIOL; 1 eye with a Phakic Refractive Lens), a femtosecond laser was used to create a capsulotomy, perform lens fragmentation, and create corneal incisions with the pIOL in situ. In all cases, the capsulotomy was created successfully.

Vitreous hyper-reflective dots in pseudophakic cystoid macular edema assessed with optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: This study compares the presence of vitreous hyper-reflective dots (VHDs) detected with optical coherence tomography (OCT) between eyes with pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (CME) and those with no CME after cataract surgery. In addition, we evaluated the impact of VHDs on the responsiveness of pseudophakic CME to cortisone treatment.

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.

Depth of focus after implantation of spherical or aspheric intraocular lenses in hyperopic and emmetropic patients.

Purpose: To evaluate whether hyperopic patients with short axial length and high dioptric intraocular lens (IOL) power can achieve a higher depth of focus after implantation of a monofocal spherical or aspheric IOL than emmetropic patients.

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.

Design: Prospective case series.

Long-term development of gait after multilevel surgery in children with cerebral palsy: a multicentre cohort study.

Aim: We investigated the long-term efficacy and safety of multilevel surgery (MLS) in ambulatory children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy (CP).

Method: Two hundred and thirty-one children were evaluated at short term (1.1y, SD 0.