Publications by authors named "Steinn Jonsson"

Article Synopsis
  • Researchers analyzed genetic data from nearly 130,000 cancer patients and over 730,000 healthy controls to identify variants linked to cancer risk across 22 cancer types.
  • Four high-risk genes were found: BIK (prostate cancer), ATG12 (colorectal cancer), TG (thyroid cancer), and CMTR2 (lung cancer and melanoma).
  • Additionally, two genes, AURKB (general cancer risk) and PPP1R15A (breast cancer), were associated with decreased cancer risk, indicating potential pathways for cancer prevention strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • - Bronchial squamous carcinoma in situ (CIS) is a precursor to invasive carcinoma, and a study from 1992 to 2016 examined its prevalence, molecular markers, and outcomes among affected individuals.
  • - Out of 31 CIS cases, 22 were found alongside invasive carcinomas, with some invasive tumors being undetectable through imaging; CIS can sometimes spread to other lung areas or transform into invasive cancer.
  • - Although isolated CIS can regress, it often accompanies invasive tumors, and genetic findings, such as TP53 mutations and chromosomal changes, may help understand the progression of these lesions in the airways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Lung cancer is the second and third most common cancer in Iceland for females and males, respectively. Although the incidence is declining, lung cancer still has the highest mortality of all cancers in Iceland. Symptoms of lung cancer can be specific and localized to the lungs, but more commonly they are unspecific and result in significant diagnostic delay.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the role of the patient's background and perceived healthcare-related factors in symptoms of acute stress after lung cancer diagnosis.

Methods: The study population consisted of 89 individuals referred for diagnostic work-up at Landspitali National University Hospital in Iceland and subsequently diagnosed with lung cancer. Before diagnosis, the patients completed questionnaires on sociodemographic characteristics, pre-diagnostic distress (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), social support, and resilience.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Pulmonary carcinoids (PCs) represent only a minority of all primary pulmonary malignancies but they are the most common type of pulmonary malignancy diagnosed in children and adolescents. In this nationwide study, we analyzed data on all PC tumours in the Icelandic population over a 60-year period and concentrated especially on incidence and patient outcomes.

Methods: We studied all cases of PCs diagnosed in Iceland in the period 1955‒2015.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: We studied the outcome of pulmonary resection with curative intent for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a nationwide study covering a 24-year period, focusing on survival.

Methods: All patients who underwent pulmonary resection for NSCLC in Iceland in the period 1991-2014 were reviewed for demographics, TNM stage and survival. Median length of follow-up was 45 months.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: A minority of European countries have participated in international comparisons with high level data on lung cancer. However, the nature and extent of data collection across the continent is simply unknown, and without accurate data collection it is not possible to compare practice and set benchmarks to which lung cancer services can aspire.

Methods: Using an established network of lung cancer specialists in 37 European countries, a survey was distributed in December 2014.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Most pathogenic mutations in the BRCA2 gene carry a high risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). However, a stop-gain mutation, K3326* (rs11571833), confers risk of lung cancer and cancers of the upper-aero-digestive tract but only a modest risk of breast or ovarian cancer. The Icelandic population provides an opportunity for comprehensive characterization of the cancer risk profiles of K3326* and HBOC mutations because a single mutation, BRCA2 999del5, is responsible for almost all BRCA2-related HBOC in the population.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

We studied the rate of incidental detection of lung carcinomas and its effect on long-term survival in a nationwide cohort of patients operated for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). All patients operated for NSCLC in Iceland during 1991-2010 were included. Demographic and clinicopathological features were compared in patients diagnosed incidentally using chest radiography or computed tomography (CT), and in those with symptomatic presentation.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics of patients who underwent a fast diagnostic track (FDT) due to suspected lung cancer at Landspitali University Hospital, Iceland.

Material And Methods: Hospital records were reviewed on background characteristics, diagnosis, staging, waiting times and survival of all 550 patients (mean age 68.1 years, 57% female) that participated in the FDT from February 1, 2008 to January 31, 2015.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objectives: An increasing number of elderly patients are diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We compared the surgical resection rate, operability and survival in this age group (≥75 years) to younger patients using centralized databases in Iceland.

Methods: The study population comprised all patients diagnosed with NSCLC in Iceland from 1991 to 2014.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Adenocarcinoma is the most common histological type of lung carcinoma. Recently the histologic classification of adenocarcinomas in the lung was modified to better reflect biologic properties and prognosis. We reviewed the histology of all primary lung adenocarcinomas operated on in Iceland during a 20-year period and assessed the impact of histology on survival.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: Pancoast tumors are lung carcinomas that invade the apical chest wall and surrounding structures. Treatment is complex and often involves surgery together with radio- and chemotherapy. We studied the outcome of surgical resection for Pancoast tumors in Iceland.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung disease of unknown origin, where an amorphous lipoprotein material accumulates in the alveoli of the lungs. We describe a young male with a four month history of progressive dyspnea, low grade fever, hypoxemia and weight loss. Chest X-ray showed diffuse interstitial and alveolar infiltrates in both lungs.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Following resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), patients are usually admitted to the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU)for a few hours before admission to a general ward (GW). However, some patients need ICU-admission, either immediately post-surgery or from the PACU or GW. The aim of this study was to investigate the indications and risk factors for ICU-admission.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The proportion of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who undergo surgery with curative intent is one measure of effectiveness in treating lung cancer. To the best of our knowledge, surgical resection rate (SRR) for a whole nation has never been reported before. We studied the SRR and surgical outcome of NSCLC patients in Iceland during a recent 15-year period.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) can benefit patients with severe emphysema. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of LVRS performed in Iceland.

Materials And Methods: A prospective study of 16 consecutive patients who underwent bilateral LVRS through median sternotomy between January 1996 and December 2008.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: A sublobar resection is performed on patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who are not candidates for a lobectomy due to reduced pulmonary function or comorbid disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the outcomes of these operations in Iceland.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study of all patients with NSCLC who underwent wedge resection or segmentectomy with curative intent during 1994-2008.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have pinpointed three genomic regions linked to lung cancer risk, but no new significant associations were found in large meta-analyses.
  • This study aimed to confirm seven variants with possible connections to lung cancer, discovering that three variants at 15q15.2 exhibited significant associations, while others did not.
  • The most notable variant, rs748404, has a strong link to lung cancer, with further validation showing its significance independent of coding variants in the TP53BP1 gene, indicating other risk variants at 15q15.2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Smoking is a common risk factor for many diseases. We conducted genome-wide association meta-analyses for the number of cigarettes smoked per day (CPD) in smokers (n = 31,266) and smoking initiation (n = 46,481) using samples from the ENGAGE Consortium. In a second stage, we tested selected SNPs with in silico replication in the Tobacco and Genetics (TAG) and Glaxo Smith Kline (Ox-GSK) consortia cohorts (n = 45,691 smokers) and assessed some of those in a third sample of European ancestry (n = 9,040).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To study the impact of TNM stage and various preoperative functional parameters on survival in patients who underwent lobectomy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Iceland from 1999 to 2008.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective study including 213 patients (mean age 66.9 yrs, equal male/female ratio) that underwent lobectomy for NSCLC.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: Non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the second most common cancer in Iceland. We studied the indications and surgical outcome of lobectomy for NSCLC in Iceland.

Materials And Methods: 213 consecutive patients underwent lobectomy for NSCLC between 1999 and 2008.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: Study the indications, complications and surgical outcome of pneumonectomy for non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Iceland

Material And Methods: A retrospective study of all pneumonectomies performed for NSCLC in Iceland from 1988 to 2007. Information was obtained from medical records and data on operative indications, postoperative TNM stage, complications, survival and survival predictors was analysed.

Results: 77 patients (64% males) with mean age of 62.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF