Bridging the Translation of ICG-1-Maltotriose: A Multimodal Sensor for Monitoring and Detecting Bacterial Infections.

Bacterial infections lack reliable, specific, and quick detection methods, which incur substantial costs to patients and caretakers. Our team conjugated the FDA-approved fluorescent dye indocyanine green (ICG) with a maltotriose sugar, resulting in two highly specific imaging agents (ICG-DBCO-1-Maltotriose and ICG-Amide-1-Maltotriose) for detecting bacterial infections. We then evaluated the two derivatives using fluorescence imaging (FLI), bioluminescence imaging (BLI), and photoacoustic imaging (PAI) in bacterial infection murine models.

Prophylactic Unfractionated Heparin in Antepartum Hospitalizations: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To assess the effect of gestational age-based dosing of unfractionated heparin (UFH) compared with standard dosing of UFH for thromboprophylaxis on an elevated serum activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) during prolonged antepartum hospitalizations.

Methods: This was a randomized trial of pregnant persons who were admitted in the antepartum period for at least 72 hours. Participants were randomly allocated to the standard dose of UFH (5,000 units subcutaneously every 12 hours) or the gestational age-based dose of UFH (first trimester [less than 14 weeks]: 5,000 units subcutaneously every 12 hours; second trimester [14-27 6/7 weeks]: 7,500 units subcutaneously every 12 hours; third trimester (28 weeks or more): 10,000 units subcutaneously every 12 hours).

Teaching airway teachers: a post-course quantitative and qualitative survey.

Background: Airway management is a crucial skill for many clinicians. Besides mastering the technical skills of establishing a patent airway, human factors including leadership and team collaboration are essential. Teaching these human factors is often challenging for instructors who lack dedicated training.

Stimulus-Induced Theta-Band LFP Oscillations Format Neuronal Representations of Social Chemosignals in the Mouse Accessory Olfactory Bulb.

Social communication is crucial for the survival of many species. In most vertebrates, a dedicated chemosensory system, the vomeronasal system (VNS), evolved to process ethologically relevant chemosensory cues. The first central processing stage of the VNS is the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB), which sends information to downstream brain regions via AOB mitral cells (AMCs).

Effects of CPAP and FiO on respiratory effort and lung stress in early COVID-19 pneumonia: a randomized, crossover study.

Background: in COVID-19 acute respiratory failure, the effects of CPAP and FiO on respiratory effort and lung stress are unclear. We hypothesize that, in the compliant lungs of early Sars-CoV-2 pneumonia, the application of positive pressure through Helmet-CPAP may not decrease respiratory effort, and rather worsen lung stress and oxygenation when compared to higher FiO delivered via oxygen masks.

Methods: In this single-center (S.

Viability assessment of livers donated after circulatory determination of death during normothermic regional perfusion.

Background: Abdominal normothermic regional perfusion (A-NRP) allows in-situ reperfusion and recovery of abdominal organs metabolism in donors after circulatory death (DCD). Besides improving liver transplantation outcomes, liver injury and function can be assessed during A-NRP.

Methods: To refine liver viability assessment during A-NRP, prospectively collected data of controlled DCD donors managed at our Institution between October 2019 and May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.

Continuing complexity: The university careers of a scientific elite in relation to their class origins and schooling.

We report on continuing research on the UK scientific elite, intended to illustrate a proposed new approach to elite studies and based on a prosopography of Fellows of the Royal Society born from 1900. We extend analyses previously reported of Fellows' social origins and secondary schooling to take in their university careers as under- and postgraduates. The composite term 'Oxbridge', as often applied in elite studies, is called into question, as members of the scientific elite prove to have been recruited more from Cambridge than from Oxford.

High- versus Low-Flow Extracorporeal Respiratory Support in Experimental Hypoxemic Acute Lung Injury.

In the EOLIA (ECMO to Rescue Lung Injury in Severe ARDS) trial, oxygenation was similar between intervention and conventional groups, whereas [Formula: see text]e was reduced in the intervention group. Comparable reductions in ventilation intensity are theoretically possible with low-flow extracorporeal CO removal (ECCOR), provided oxygenation remains acceptable. To compare the effects of ECCOR and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) on gas exchange, respiratory mechanics, and hemodynamics in animal models of pulmonary (intratracheal hydrochloric acid) and extrapulmonary (intravenous oleic acid) lung injury.

Naphthalimide-Piperazine Derivatives as Multifunctional "On" and "Off" Fluorescent Switches for pH, Hg and Cu Ions.

Novel 1,8-naphthalimide-based fluorescent probes and were designed and screened for use as chemosensors for detection of heavy metal ions. Two moieties, methylpyridine () and hydroxyphenyl (), were attached via piperazine at the C-4 position of the napthalimide core resulting in a notable effect on their spectroscopic properties. and are pH sensitive and show an increase in fluorescence intensity at around 525 nm (switch "on") in the acidic environment, with p values at 4.

Impact of intubated vs. non-intubated anesthesia on postoperative diaphragmatic function: Results from a prospective observational study.

An altered diaphragmatic function was associated with the development of postoperative pulmonary complications following thoracic surgery. To evaluate the impact of different anesthetic techniques on postoperative diaphragmatic dysfunction, patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lung biopsy for interstitial lung disease were enrolled in a monocentric observational prospective study. Patients received intubated or non-intubated anesthesia according to risk assessment and preferences following multidisciplinary discussion.

Clinical performance of lung ultrasound in predicting time-dependent changes in lung aeration in ARDS patients.

To evaluate whether lung ultrasound is reliable bedside tool to monitor changes of lung aeration at the early and late stages of ARDS. LUS was performed in ARDS patients that underwent at least two consecutive CT scan at ICU admission and at least 1 week after admission. Twelve fields were evaluated and graded from 0 (normal) to 3 (consolidation).

The social origins and schooling of a scientific elite: Fellows of the royal society born from 1900.

We present an analysis of the social composition of the UK scientific elite, as represented by Fellows of the Royal Society, in terms of Fellows' social class origins and type of secondary schooling. From various sources, we have assembled data for 1691 Fellows, representing 80% of our target population of all Fellows born from 1900 onwards whose scientific careers were spent predominantly in the UK. We find that while these elite scientists come largely from more advantaged class backgrounds, it is professional rather than business or managerial families that are the main source of their recruitment-and, increasingly, such families where a parent is in a STEM occupation.

Mechanical power thresholds during mechanical ventilation: An experimental study.

The extent of ventilator-induced lung injury may be related to the intensity of mechanical ventilation--expressed as mechanical power. In the present study, we investigated whether there is a safe threshold, below which lung damage is absent. Three groups of six healthy pigs (29.

Design, Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterisation and In Vitro Cytostatic Evaluation of Novel Bis(coumarin-1,2,3-triazolyl)benzenes and Hybrid Coumarin-1,2,3-triazolyl-aryl Derivatives.

In this work, a series of novel 1,2,3-triazolyl-coumarin hybrid systems were designed as potential antitumour agents. The structural modification of the coumarin ring was carried out by Cu(I)-catalysed Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 7-azido-4-methylcoumarin and terminal aromatic alkynes to obtain 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazolyl-coumarin conjugates -, bis(1,2,3-triazolyl-coumarin)benzenes - and coumarin-1,2,3-triazolyl-benzazole hybrids -. The newly synthesised hybrid molecules were investigated for in vitro antitumour activity against five human cancer cell lines, colon carcinoma HCT116, breast carcinoma MCF-7, lung carcinoma H 460, human T-lymphocyte cells CEM, cervix carcinoma cells HeLa, as well as human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1).

Lung Ultrasound and Electrical Impedance Tomography During Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury.

Objectives: Lung damage during mechanical ventilation involves lung volume and alveolar water content, and lung ultrasound (LUS) and electrical impedance tomography changes are related to these variables. We investigated whether these techniques may detect any signal modification during the development of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI).

Design: Experimental animal study.

Mechanisms of oxygenation responses to proning and recruitment in COVID-19 pneumonia.

Purpose: This study aimed at investigating the mechanisms underlying the oxygenation response to proning and recruitment maneuvers in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia.

Methods: Twenty-five patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, at variable times since admission (from 1 to 3 weeks), underwent computed tomography (CT) lung scans, gas-exchange and lung-mechanics measurement in supine and prone positions at 5 cmHO and during recruiting maneuver (supine, 35 cmHO). Within the non-aerated tissue, we differentiated the atelectatic and consolidated tissue (recruitable and non-recruitable at 35 cmHO of airway pressure).

Noninvasive and Highly Multiplexed Five-Color Tumor Imaging of Multicore Near-Infrared Resonant Surface-Enhanced Raman Nanoparticles .

multiplexed imaging aims for noninvasive monitoring of tumors with multiple channels without excision of the tissue. While most of the preclinical imaging has provided a number of multiplexing channels up to three, Raman imaging with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanoparticles was suggested to offer higher multiplexing capability originating from their narrow spectral width. However, multiplexed SERS imaging is still in its infancy for multichannel visualization of tumors, which require both sufficient multiplicity and high sensitivity concurrently.

COVID-19 pneumonia: pathophysiology and management.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia is an evolving disease. We will focus on the development of its pathophysiologic characteristics over time, and how these time-related changes determine modifications in treatment. In the emergency department: the peculiar characteristic is the coexistence, in a significant fraction of patients, of severe hypoxaemia, near-normal lung computed tomography imaging, lung gas volume and respiratory mechanics.

Role of Fluid and Sodium Retention in Experimental Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury.

Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) via respiratory mechanics is deeply interwoven with hemodynamic, kidney and fluid/electrolyte changes. We aimed to assess the role of positive fluid balance in the framework of ventilation-induced lung injury. analysis of seventy-eight pigs invasively ventilated for 48 h with mechanical power ranging from 18 to 137 J/min and divided into two groups: high vs.

Role of total lung stress on the progression of early COVID-19 pneumonia.

Purpose: We investigated if the stress applied to the lung during non-invasive respiratory support may contribute to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) progression.

Methods: Single-center, prospective, cohort study of 140 consecutive COVID-19 pneumonia patients treated in high-dependency unit with continuous positive airway pressure (n = 131) or non-invasive ventilation (n = 9). We measured quantitative lung computed tomography, esophageal pressure swings and total lung stress.

Multiparametric Photoacoustic Analysis of Human Thyroid Cancers .

Thyroid cancer is one of the most common cancers, with a global increase in incidence rate for both genders. Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration is the current gold standard to diagnose thyroid cancers, but the results are inaccurate, leading to repeated biopsies and unnecessary surgeries. To reduce the number of unnecessary biopsies, we explored the use of multiparametric photoacoustic (PA) analysis in combination with the American Thyroid Association (ATA) Guideline (ATAP).

End-tidal to arterial PCO ratio: a bedside meter of the overall gas exchanger performance.

Background: The physiological dead space is a strong indicator of severity and outcome of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The "ideal" alveolar PCO, in equilibrium with pulmonary capillary PCO, is a central concept in the physiological dead space measurement. As it cannot be measured, it is surrogated by arterial PCO which, unfortunately, may be far higher than ideal alveolar PCO, when the right-to-left venous admixture is present.