Effectiveness of Machine Learning Based Adjustments to an eHealth Intervention Targeting Mild Alcohol Use.

This study aimed to evaluate effects of three machine learning based adjustments made to an eHealth intervention for mild alcohol use disorder, regarding a) early dropout, b) participation duration, and c) success in reaching personal alcohol use goals. Additionally, we aimed to replicate earlier machine learning analyses. We used three cohorts of observational log data from the Jellinek Digital Self-help intervention.

Patients Managing Their Medical Data in Personal Electronic Health Records: Scoping Review.

Background: Personal electronic health records (PEHRs) allow patients to view, generate, and manage their personal and medical data that are relevant across illness episodes, such as their medications, allergies, immunizations, and their medical, social, and family health history. Thus, patients can actively participate in the management of their health care by ensuring that their health care providers have an updated and accurate overview of the patients' medical records. However, the uptake of PEHRs remains low, especially in terms of patients entering and managing their personal and medical data in their PEHR.

Need for numbers: assessing cancer survivors' needs for personalized and generic statistical information.

Background: Statistical information (e.g., on long-term survival or side effects) may be valuable for healthcare providers to share with their patients to facilitate shared decision making on treatment options.

[Communicating personalised health information].

Due to the large increase in relevant data, we can increasingly better estimate medical chances and risks and tailor them to the individual patient. In this article, we discuss why communicating such personalized information is so complicated, and how doctors can best discuss it with their patients.

Clinical outcomes of preterm infants while using automated controllers during standard care: comparison of cohorts with different automated titration strategies.

Objective: To compare short-term clinical outcome after using two different automated oxygen controllers (OxyGenie and CLiO).

Design: Propensity score-matched retrospective observational study.

Setting: Tertiary-level neonatal unit in the Netherlands.

Communication, perception, and use of personalized side-effect risks in prostate cancer treatment-decision making: An observational and interview study.

Objective: We investigated how healthcare professionals (HPs) communicate personalized risks of treatment side-effects to patients with localized prostate cancer during consultations, and explored how these patients perceive and use such risks during treatment decision-making.

Methods: Patient consultations with nurse practitioners and urologists discussing personalized risks of urinary incontinence after prostatectomy were audiotaped, transcribed, and coded. Patients (n = 27) were then interviewed to explore their perceptions and use of personalized side-effect risks.

A latent-class heteroskedastic hurdle trajectory model: patterns of adherence in obstructive sleep apnea patients on CPAP therapy.

Background: Sleep apnea patients on CPAP therapy exhibit differences in how they adhere to the therapy. Previous studies have demonstrated the benefit of describing adherence in terms of discernible longitudinal patterns. However, these analyses have been done on a limited number of patients, and did not properly represent the temporal characteristics and heterogeneity of adherence.

Exploring Cancer Survivor Needs and Preferences for Communicating Personalized Cancer Statistics From Registry Data: Qualitative Multimethod Study.

Background: Disclosure of cancer statistics (eg, survival or incidence rates) based on a representative group of patients can help increase cancer survivors' understanding of their own diagnostic and prognostic situation, and care planning. More recently, there has been an increasing interest in the use of cancer registry data for disclosing and communicating personalized cancer statistics (tailored toward personal and clinical characteristics) to cancer survivors and relatives.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore breast cancer (BCa) and prostate cancer (PCa) survivor needs and preferences for disclosing (what) and presenting (how) personalized statistics from a large Dutch population-based data set, the Netherlands Cancer Registry (NCR).

Predicting Success of a Digital Self-Help Intervention for Alcohol and Substance Use With Machine Learning.

Background: Digital self-help interventions for reducing the use of alcohol tobacco and other drugs (ATOD) have generally shown positive but small effects in controlling substance use and improving the quality of life of participants. Nonetheless, low adherence rates remain a major drawback of these digital interventions, with mixed results in (prolonged) participation and outcome. To prevent non-adherence, we developed models to predict success in the early stages of an ATOD digital self-help intervention and explore the predictors associated with participant's goal achievement.

Comparison of two devices for automated oxygen control in preterm infants: a randomised crossover trial.

Objective: To compare the effect of two different automated oxygen control devices on target range (TR) time and occurrence of hypoxaemic and hyperoxaemic episodes.

Design: Randomised cross-over study.

Setting: Tertiary level neonatal unit in the Netherlands.

Heterogeneity in Quality of Life of Long-Term Colon Cancer Survivors: A Latent Class Analysis of the Population-Based PROFILES Registry.

Background: Long-term colon cancer survivors present heterogeneous health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes. We determined unobserved subgroups (classes) of survivors with similar HRQOL patterns and investigated their stability over time and the association of clinical covariates with these classes.

Materials And Methods: Data from the population-based PROFILES registry were used.

Communicating tailored risk information of cancer treatment side effects: Only words or also numbers?

Background: The increased availability of patient reported outcome data makes it feasible to provide patients tailored risk information of cancer treatment side effects. However, it is unclear how such information influences patients' risk interpretations compared to generic population-based risks, and which message format should be used to communicate such individualized statistics.

Methods: A web-based experiment was conducted in which participants (n = 141) read a hypothetical treatment decision-making scenario about four side effect risks of adjuvant chemotherapy for advanced colon cancer.

Impact of hospitalisation on health-related quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure.

Background: Empirical identification of the direct impact of hospitalisation in the change in utility could provide an interpretation for some of the unexplained variance in quality of life responses in clinical practice and clinical trials and provide assistance to researchers in assessing the impact of a hospitalisation in the context of economic evaluations. This study had the goal of determining the impact of nonfatal hospitalisations on the quality of life of a cohort of patients previously diagnosed with heart failure by using their quality of life measurements before and after hospitalisation.

Methods: The impact of hospitalisation on health-related quality of life was estimated by calculating the difference in utility measured using the EQ-5D-3L in patients that were hospitalised and had records of utility before and after hospitalisation.

Towards eHealth to support the health journey of headache patients: a scoping review.

Objective: The aim of this study is to (1) review the digital health tools that have been used in headache studies, and (2) discuss the effectivity and reliability of these tools.

Background: Many headache patients travel a long and troublesome journey from first symptoms until a meaningful care plan. eHealth, mHealth, and digital therapeutic modalities have been advocated as the way forward to improve patient care.

Assessing the quality and communicative aspects of patient decision aids for early-stage breast cancer treatment: a systematic review.

Purpose: Decision aids (DAs) support patients in shared decision-making by providing balanced evidence-based treatment information and eliciting patients' preferences. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the quality and communicative aspects of DAs for women diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer.

Methods: Twenty-one currently available patient DAs were identified through both published literature (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and PsycINFO) and online sources.

Tidal volumes at birth as predictor for adverse outcome in congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Objective: To assess the predictive value of tidal volume (Vt) of spontaneous breaths at birth in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Tertiary neonatal intensive care unit.

Communicative aspects of decision aids for localized prostate cancer treatment - A systematic review.

Context: Despite increasing interest in the development and use of decision aids (DAs) for patients with localized prostate cancer (LPC), little attention has been paid to communicative aspects (CAs) of such tools.

Objective: To identify DAs for LPC treatment, and review these tools for various CAs.

Materials And Methods: DAs were identified through both published literature (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and PsycINFO; 1990-2018) and online sources, in compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Telehealth for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a highly prevalent chronic disease characterised by persistent respiratory symptoms. A focus of COPD interventional studies is directed towards prevention of exacerbations leading to hospital readmissions. Telehealth as a method of remote patient monitoring and care delivery may be implemented to reduce hospital readmissions and improve self-management of disease.

Correlation and Interchangeability of Venous and Capillary Blood Gases in Non-Critically Ill Neonates.

Background: Venous blood gas (VBG) is frequently used in the neonatal unit as alternative for capillary blood gas (CBG). However, studies reporting correlation are conflicting and data on interchangeability in neonates are lacking.

Objective: We investigated the correlation and interchangeability of the components between VBG and CBG in infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.

Effect of Tactile Stimulation on Termination and Prevention of Apnea of Prematurity: A Systematic Review.

Apnea of prematurity (AOP) is one of the most common diagnoses in preterm infants. Severe and recurrent apneas are associated with cerebral injury and adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. Despite pharmacotherapy and respiratory support to prevent apneas, a proportion of infants continue to have apneas and often need tactile stimulation, mask, and bag ventilation and/or extra oxygen.

Prognostic value of psychosocial factors for first and recurrent hospitalizations and mortality in heart failure patients: insights from the OPERA-HF study.

Aims: Psychosocial factors are rarely collected in studies investigating the prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF), and only time to first event is commonly reported. We investigated the prognostic value of psychosocial factors for predicting first or recurrent events after discharge following hospitalization for HF.

Methods And Results: OPERA-HF is an observational study enrolling patients hospitalized for HF.

Effect of a smaller target range on the compliance in targeting and distribution of oxygen saturation in preterm infants.

Background: Following recent recommendations, the oxygen saturation (SpO) target range for preterm infants in our nursery was narrowed towards the higher end from 85%-95% to 90%-95%. We determined the effect of narrowing the SpO target range on the compliance in target range and distribution of SpO in preterm infants.

Methods: Before and after changing the target range from 85%-95% to 90%-95%, infants <30 weeks of gestation receiving oxygen were compared during their admission on the neonatal intensive care unit.