Massive interstitial solid solution alloys achieve near-theoretical strength.

Interstitials, e.g., C, N, and O, are attractive alloying elements as small atoms on interstitial sites create strong lattice distortions and hence substantially strengthen metals.

Photons and particles emitted from cold atmospheric-pressure plasma inactivate bacteria and biomolecules independently and synergistically.

Cold atmospheric-pressure plasmas are currently in use in medicine as surgical tools and are being evaluated for new applications, including wound treatment and cosmetic care. The disinfecting properties of plasmas are of particular interest, given the threat of antibiotic resistance to modern medicine. Plasma effluents comprise (V)UV photons and various reactive particles, such as accelerated ions and radicals, that modify biomolecules; however, a full understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie plasma-based disinfection has been lacking.

Fundamental differences in mechanical behavior between two types of crystals at the nanoscale.

We present differences in the mechanical behavior of nanoscale gold and molybdenum single crystals. A significant strength increase is observed as the size is reduced to 100 nm. Both nanocrystals exhibit discrete strain bursts during plastic deformation.