Measurements of Cardiac Output and Management of Blood Transfusions During Burn Surgery-An Observational Prospective Study.

Burn surgery can cause extensive bleeding, which lead to perioperative blood transfusions. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether blood transfusions during burn surgery, guided by standard monitoring with inspection of the operative field, measurements of blood pressure, heart rate, hourly diuresis, and concentrations of hemoglobin and lactate could sustain the preoperative cardiac output (CO) till end of surgery. We investigated 15 patients ≥18 years of age scheduled for burn surgery, where the perioperative monitoring included an arterial line.

Use of the prognostic biomarker suPAR in the emergency department improves risk stratification but has no effect on mortality: a cluster-randomized clinical trial (TRIAGE III).

Background: Risk stratification of patients in the emergency department can be strengthened using prognostic biomarkers, but the impact on patient prognosis is unknown. The aim of the TRIAGE III trial was to investigate whether the introduction of the prognostic and nonspecific biomarker: soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) for risk stratification in the emergency department reduces mortality in acutely admitted patients.

Methods: The TRIAGE III trial was a cluster-randomized interventional trial conducted at emergency departments in the Capitol Region of Denmark.

Hospitalisation in short-stay units for adults with internal medicine diseases and conditions.

Background: Short-stay units are hospital units that provide short-term care for selected patients. Studies have indicated that short-stay units might reduce admission rates, time of hospital stays, hospital readmissions and expenditure without compromising the quality of care. Short-stay units are often defined by a target patient category, a target function, and a target time frame.

The long-term psychological effect of fatal accidents at sea on survivors: a cross-sectional study of North-Atlantic seamen.

Objective: This study aimed to ascertain whether disasters at sea had an enduring traumatic effect on psychological functioning, accident proneness, and on their interest to continue working at sea.

Method: Crew members of selected sea-disasters were contacted. The chosen disasters were of differing severity and in some cases fatalities had occurred.

[The prevalence of mental disorders in the Greater-Reykjavik area].

The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of mental disorders in a random sample of three age groups born in 1931, 1951 and 1971 and living in the Greater- Reykjavik Area. From the original sample of 300 in each birth cohort 805 were contacted and asked to take part in a survey of mental health. Of those 52% participated.

[The prevalence of personality disorders in the greater-Reykjavik area].

The prevalence of personality disorders was estimated in a sample of 805 individuals randomly selected from the greater Reykjavik area. The sample consisted of 3 equally large cohorts of persons born in 1931, 1951 and 1971. The individuals were asked to participate in a survey of mental health.

A variant associated with nicotine dependence, lung cancer and peripheral arterial disease.

Smoking is a leading cause of preventable death, causing about 5 million premature deaths worldwide each year. Evidence for genetic influence on smoking behaviour and nicotine dependence (ND) has prompted a search for susceptibility genes. Furthermore, assessing the impact of sequence variants on smoking-related diseases is important to public health.

Anxiety with panic disorder linked to chromosome 9q in Iceland.

The results of a genomewide scan for genes conferring susceptibility to anxiety disorders in the Icelandic population are described. The aim of the study was to locate genes that predispose to anxiety by utilizing the extensive genealogical records and the relative homogeneity of the Icelandic population. Participants were recruited in two stages: (1) Initial case-identification by a population screening for anxiety disorders, using the Stamm Screening Questionnaire, was followed by aggregation into extended families, with the help of our genealogy database; and (2) those who fulfilled the diagnostic and family aggregation criteria underwent a more detailed diagnostic workup based on the Composite International Diagnostic Interview.

The prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome in Iceland - a national comparison by gender drawing on four different criteria.

The study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) in Iceland. No previous prevalence studies known to us have been undertaken in Iceland or in Scandinavia. A 95-item custom-made questionnaire was sent to 4000 randomly selected people.

Seasonal affective disorders: relevance of Icelandic and Icelandic-Canadian evidence to etiologic hypotheses.

Objective: This study tests the suggestion of earlier studies concerning the importance of genetic factors in the etiology of winter seasonal affective disorders (SADs) and subsyndromal winter SAD (S-SAD).

Method: Two study populations of Winnipeg, Manitoba residents were canvassed: 250 adults of wholly Icelandic descent and 1000 adults of non-Icelandic descent. We distributed the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire by mail to these 2 populations, yielding 204 and 449 valid responses, respectively.

Anxiety disorders: a result of long-term chronic fatigue--the psychiatric characteristics of the sufferers of Iceland disease.

Objective: In order to clarify the lifetime likelihood of developing psychiatric disorder following the Akureyri disease, we have investigated 55 well documented cases of the Akureyri disease.

Materials And Methods: All participants were interviewed and diagnosed as to psychiatric disorders according to DSM-III.

Results: Of the 55 subjects included in this analysis 53 were women.

Connection between smoking and back pain--findings from an Icelandic general population study.

The association between pain in general, back pain and smoking was studied in a sample of subjects from the general public (n = 862). The results show that smoking men had pain problems more frequently than women (p < 0.0001).

[Neuropsychiatric manifestations in an unselected group of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in Iceland.].

Introduction: There has been substantial difference in the reported frequency of neuropsychiatric manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This difference can at least partly be explained by methodological difference, especially in case identification.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study in a group of 65 unselected SLE patients was performed.

Psychiatric disorders among subjects with systemic lupus erythematosus in an unselected population.

The prevalence of lifetime psychiatric disorders was investigated among all known systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients in Iceland. The participation rate was 81%. Over 49% of the subjects received a lifetime psychiatric diagnosis.

The qualitative difference of visions and visual hallucinations: a comparison of a general-population and clinical sample.

Our objective was to analyze the frequency and quality of visions in a general-population sample compared with those experienced among schizophrenics. A sample group from the general population (n = 862) was compared with a group of schizophrenic patients (n = 19). Significant and qualitative differences were found in visions experienced by schizophrenic patients compared with subjects in the population sample.

Period prevalence rates of specific mental disorders in an Icelandic cohort.

This paper presents the 1-month, 6-month and 1-year prevalence rates for mental disorders in a random sample of people born in Iceland in 1931 and interviewed at the age of 55-57 years. The diagnoses were made according to DSM-III, on the basis of the National Institute of Mental Health's Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) used by trained lay interviewers. The period prevalence rates were found to be similar to those obtained by other studies using the DIS as a survey instrument.

Prevalence of seasonal affective disorder in Iceland.

Objective: To investigate seasonal patterns in mood and behavior and estimate the prevalence of seasonal affective disorder (SAD) and subsyndromal seasonal affective disorder (S-SAD) in the Icelandic population.

Participants And Setting: A random sample generated from the Icelandic National Register, consisting of 1000 men and women aged 17 to 67 years from all parts of Iceland. It represents 6.

The lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders in Iceland as estimated by the US National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule.

The lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders was estimated in a study of the prevalence of mental disorders in Iceland. The survey instrument was an Icelandic translation of the US National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule. The cohort consisted of one half of those born in the year 1931.

The lifetime prevalence of psychosexual dysfunction among 55 to 57-year-olds in Iceland.

In this study, the largest Nordic study of its kind, investigated psychosexual dysfunction among subjects aged 55-57 years. The cohort included 862 subjects of both sexes and all were interviewed using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS). Results showed that 122 subjects had a lifetime diagnosis of psychosexual dysfunction.