Population and functional changes in a multispecies co-culture of marine microalgae and cyanobacteria under a combination of different salinity and temperature levels.

Changes in the temperature or salinity of ocean waters can affect marine organisms at multiple trophic levels. Both environmental variables could have an impact on marine microalgae populations. Therefore, the effect of the combination of three levels of temperature (20, 24 and 28 °C), and three levels of salinity (33, 36, and 39 PSU) were evaluated on the growth of a multispecies community of five common species of phytoplankton: (one cyanobacteria, Synechococcus sp.

Insulin therapy for the non-specialist physician.

Insulin is required for all people living with type 1 diabetes, and may be required in nearly half of those with type 2 diabetes. It is a complex drug, manufactured in several forms and utilised in various regimens and devices. There is evidence that non-specialist professionals lack confidence in insulin therapy and, in addition, insulin-related prescribing errors are common in hospital care.

Hypoglycaemia: causes, risk factors and pathophysiology.

This article examines the prevalence, symptoms, risk factors, management and prevention of hypoglycaemia in adults. Relevant research and government policies are discussed, and recent guidelines on the management of hypoglycaemia are presented. Standard 7 of the National Service Framework for Diabetes focuses on the need for improved knowledge and skills of healthcare professionals when dealing with diabetic emergencies.

Suppression of glomerulonephritis in lupus-prone NZB × NZW mice by RN486, a selective inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase.

Objective: Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) plays a critical role in B cell development and function. We recently described a selective BTK inhibitor, RN486, that blocks B cell receptor (BCR) and Fcγ receptor signaling and is efficacious in animal models of arthritis. The aim of this study was to examine the potential efficacy of BTK in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), using an NZB × NZW mouse model of spontaneous SLE.

Nuclear medicine approaches in the monitoring of thyroid cancer patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the role of some nuclear medicine approaches such as (99m)Tc-MIBI scan and (131)I whole-body scintigraphy (WBS) in the monitoring of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).

Patients And Methods: 95 patients (69F/26M) aged 17-74 years (mean 44.2) with DTC (56 cases with papillary, 20 with follicular and 19 with papillary-follicular carcinoma) were assessed.

Effect of alprazolam on the benzodiazepine receptors in brain of experimental animals.

We studied the effect of the benzodiazepine derivative alprazolam on [3H]-flunitrazepam binding with a brain synaptosomal fraction of experimental animals in vitro and in vivo. The in vivo experiments were carried out in intact cats and mice with social isolation. Alprazolam did not change the density of benzodiazepine receptors in intact animals, but restored their number, strongly reduced in a model of social aggression.