NTCP Calculations of Five Different Irradiation Techniques for the Treatment of Thymoma.

This study provided normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) calculations from photon radiotherapy techniques in eleven patients with thymoma. Five plans were created for each participant using three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT), five-field intensity modulated radiotherapy (5F-IMRT), seven-field IMRT (7F-IMRT), and volumetric modulated arc therapy with full arcs (FA-VMAT) and partial arcs (PA-VMAT). The target coverage, homogeneity index and conformation number for the planning target volume (PTV) and dosimetric parameters for the organs-at-risk (OARs) were taken from the fifty-five generated plans.

Circulating miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy.

Introduction: Disease recurrence is a major concern in patients with localized prostate cancer (PCa) following treatment with radiotherapy (RT), and few studies have evaluated the clinical relevance of microRNAs (miRNAs) prior and post-RT.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the significance of miRNAs in the outcomes of prostate cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy and to identify the related pathways through bioinformatics analysis.

Materials And Methods: The expression levels of miR-21, miR-106b, miR-141 and miR-375 involved in the response to radiotherapy were assessed by RT-qPCR in the serum of PCa patients (n=56) prior- and post-RT.

VMAT for prostate cancer with 6-MV and 10-MV photons: Impact of beam energy on treatment plan quality and model-based secondary cancer risk estimates.

The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of the photon beam energy on the volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plan quality for prostate cancer and on the risk of secondary carcinogenesis. Separate VMAT plans with 6-MV and 10-MV photons were created for 11 low-risk patients with prostate cancer. The prescribed tumor dose was 70 Gy delivered in 28 fractions.

Secondary bladder and rectal cancer risk estimates following standard fractionated and moderately hypofractionated VMAT for prostate carcinoma.

Purpose: To estimate the risk for bladder and rectal cancer induction due to standard fractionated (SF) and moderately hypofractionated (HF) volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for prostate carcinoma.

Methods: Twelve patients with low or intermediate-risk of prostate cancer referred for external-beam radiotherapy were included in this study. Three computed tomography-based VMAT plans were created for each study participant.

SECOND CANCER RISK FROM RADIATION THERAPY FOR COMMON SOLID TUMORS DIAGNOSED IN REPRODUCTIVE-AGED FEMALES.

This study provided second cancer risk estimates from radiation therapy for common solid tumors presented in reproductive-aged females. Three-dimensional treatment plans were generated for 10 patients with cervical, uterine, rectal, lung or breast carcinomas. The organ equivalent dose (OED) and the lifetime attributable risk (LAR) for carcinogenesis to organs receiving high doses were estimated for all study participants with a mechanistic model.

Peripheral organ doses from radiotherapy for heterotopic ossification of non-hip joints: is there a risk for radiation-induced malignancies?

Radiotherapy, used for heterotopic ossification (HO) management, may increase radiation risk to patients. This study aimed to determine the peripheral dose to radiosensitive organs and the associated cancer risks due to radiotherapy of HO in common non-hip joints. A Monte Carlo model of a medical linear accelerator combined with a mathematical phantom representing an average adult patient were employed to simulate radiotherapy for HO with standard AP and PA fields in the regions of shoulder, elbow and knee.

Postoperative treatment with docetaxel, cisplatin, and capecitabine (DCX) and chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with capecitabine for resected gastric adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: We conducted a feasibility study on docetaxel/capecitabine/cisplatin (DCX) with chemoradiotherapy as adjuvant treatment for gastric cancer patients.

Methods: Patients were scheduled to receive 2 cycles of DCX, followed by 50.4 Gy plus capecitabine as radiotherapy, followed by an additional 2-DCX cycles.

Intensity modulated radiation therapy versus three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy for the treatment of high grade glioma: a dosimetric comparison.

The present study compared the dosimetry of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) techniques in patients treated for high-grade glioma. A total of 20 patients underwent computed tomography treatment planning in conjunction with magnetic resonance imaging fusion. Prescription dose and normal-tissue constraints were identical for the 3D-CRT and IMRT plans.

Scattered dose to gonads and associated risks from radiotherapy for common pediatric malignancies : a phantom study.

Purpose: To measure the scattered dose to ovaries and testes from radiotherapy for common pediatric malignancies and to assess the relevant risks for radiation-induced gonadal damage and hereditary disorders in future generations.

Material And Methods: Radiotherapy for central nervous system tumors, acute leukemia, neuroblastoma, Hodgkin's disease, Wilms' tumor, and sarcoma was simulated on three humanoid phantoms representing patients of 5, 10, and 15 years of age. Ovarian and testicular dose measurements were performed using thermoluminescent dosimeters on a linear accelerator with multileaf collimator (MLC) producing 6-MV X-rays.

Scattered dose to thyroid from prophylactic cranial irradiation during childhood: a Monte Carlo study.

The purpose of this study was to estimate the scattered dose to thyroid from prophylactic cranial irradiation during childhood. The MCNP transport code and mathematical phantoms representing the average individual at ages 3, 5, 10, 15 and 18 years old were employed to simulate cranial radiotherapy using two lateral opposed fields. The mean radiation dose received by the thyroid gland was calculated.

Phase I/II trial of external irradiation plus medium-dose brachytherapy given concurrently to liposomal doxorubicin and cisplatin for advanced uterine cervix carcinoma.

Background And Purpose: Although the standard of care for patients with locally advanced uterine cervix carcinoma is cisplatin-(CDDP-)based chemotherapy and irradiation (RT), the optimal regimen remains to be elucidated. A phase I/II study was conducted to evaluate the dose limiting toxicity (DLT) and the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of liposomal doxorubicin (Caelyx) combined with CDDP and RT for cervical cancer.

Patients And Methods: 24 patients with stage IIB-IVA were enrolled (Table 1).