A multicentre randomised controlled trial of a guided self-help cognitive behavioural therapy to MANage the impact of hot flushes and night sweats in patients with prostate CANcer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (MANCAN2).

Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is prescribed to almost half of all men diagnosed with prostate cancer. Although ADT is effective treatment, with virtually all men with advanced disease showing initial clinical response, it is associated with troublesome side effects including hot flushes and night sweats (HFNS). HFNS can be both frequent and severe and can have a significant impact on quality of life (QoL).

Digital Interventions for PTSD Symptoms in the General Population: a Review.

There has been a significant development of digital interventions for the treatment of Post-Traumatic Symptom Disorder (PTSD) over the past two decades. However, the majority of research has examined their clinical efficacy for military service members and veteran populations whereas community-based trauma survivors have received significantly less attention. Their effectiveness for this population, therefore, remains unclear.

Combining particle tracking microrheology and viscometry for the study of DNA aqueous solutions.

We use video particle tracking microrheology (VPTMR) in order to investigate the viscoelasticity of salmon DNA and correlate it to its steady-flow shear-thinning viscosity. Aqueous solutions of DNA are tested in a wide concentration range from the dilute to the semidilute unentangled concentration regime. The observed mean squared displacement shows power-law scaling with lag-time which is equivalent to power-law behavior of the complex modulus as a function of frequency that is, |G (ω)| = S ∙ ω .

Digitally Delivered Psychological Interventions for Anxiety Disorders: a Comprehensive Review.

Digital interventions for anxiety disorders have been well-researched over the past two decades. However, reviews to date have focused on internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT), whereas other psychological interventions have received less attention. The aim of this review was therefore to evaluate the effectiveness of digitally delivered psychological therapies (CBT, Attention Bias Modification, Exposure Therapy, Applied Relaxation, Bibliotherapy, Psychodynamic Therapy, Mindfulness, Behavioural Stress Management, Counselling) compared with control conditions and/or other psychological interventions for anxiety disorders (Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), Health Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Specific Phobias, Panic Disorder (PD), Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD)].

Are Digitally Delivered Psychological Interventions for Depression the Way Forward? A Review.

Digitally delivered interventions aim to make psychological treatments more widely accessible and minimize clinician input. Although their clinical efficacy against wait-list, control conditions is well established, comparative outcome studies are a much better way to examine if psychotherapies are equally effective. Such reviews are still relatively lacking.

Mind-body interventions for vasomotor symptoms in healthy menopausal women and breast cancer survivors. A systematic review.

Mind-body therapies are commonly recommended to treat vasomotor symptoms, such as hot flushes and night sweats (HFNS). The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the available evidence to date for the efficacy of different mind-body therapies to alleviate HFNS in healthy menopausal women and breast cancer survivors. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified using seven electronic search engines, direct searches of specific journals and backwards searches through reference lists of related publications.

Vasomotor symptoms in prostate cancer survivors undergoing androgen deprivation therapy.

Objective: Hot flushes and night sweats (HFNS) are common but under-researched in prostate cancer survivors undergoing androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). We aimed to examine subjective reports and physiological measures of HFNS, and the influence of sociodemographic, clinical and psychological factors on HFNS in men undergoing ADT.

Methods: Sixty-eight men undergoing ADT for prostate cancer attended an assessment interview, completed questionnaires (assessing HFNS frequency and problem-rating, mood, stress, optimism, somatosensory amplification, HFNS beliefs/behaviors) and wore an ambulatory sternal skin conductance (SSC) monitor for 48 h.

A randomised controlled trial of a brief cognitive behavioural intervention for men who have hot flushes following prostate cancer treatment (MANCAN).

Objective: Hot flushes and night sweats (HFNS) are experienced by up to 80% of prostate cancer patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). This study evaluates the effects of a guided self-help cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) intervention on HFNS problem-rating (primary outcome), HFNS frequency, mood and health-related quality of life (secondary outcomes) in patients undergoing ADT.

Methods: Patients reporting treatment-induced HFNS were randomly assigned to CBT (n = 33) or treatment as usual (TAU) (n = 35), stratified for cancer type.

Neurokinin B administration induces hot flushes in women.

Neurokinin B (NKB) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide binding preferentially to the neurokinin 3 receptor. Expression of the gene encoding NKB is elevated in postmenopausal women. Furthermore, rodent studies suggest that NKB signalling may mediate menopausal hot flushes.

The Hot Flush Beliefs and Behaviour Scale for Men (HFBBS-Men) undergoing treatment for prostate cancer.

Objective: Hot flushes and night sweats (HFNS) are commonly experienced by men receiving treatment for prostate cancer. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) has been found to be an effective treatment for HFNS in women, but cognitions and behavioural reactions to HFNS in men are under-researched. This study describes the development of the HFNS beliefs and behaviour scale for men.

Are attentional control resources reduced by worry in generalized anxiety disorder?

This is the first study to examine attentional control capacities in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). GAD is characterized by uncontrollable worry. Individuals diagnosed with GAD and healthy participants (HPs) performed a random key-pressing task while thinking about a worrisome or a positive future event, to assess the extent to which attentional control resources are used by worry.

IMS study of climate, altitude, temperature and vasomotor symptoms in the United Arab Emirates.

Objective: To examine the relationships between temperature, season (summer versus winter), lifestyle, health, mood, beliefs, and experience of hot flushes and night sweats (HFNS), amongst mid-aged women living in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Methods: The UAE climate is hyper-arid, being a hot desert climate, with warm winters and hot summers. A total of 372 peri- and postmenopausal women, aged from 45 to 55 years, from urban UAE regions were included.

Symptom perception in healthy menopausal women: Can we predict concordance between subjective and physiological measures of vasomotor symptoms?

Objectives: Perception of physical symptoms is an important factor in medical help-seeking. We aimed to examine both physiological and subjective measures of a commonly reported physical symptom-vasomotor symptoms (hot flushes and night sweats; HF/NS), and to investigate factors that might influence symptom perception, that is, concordance, over-reporting, and under-reporting of symptoms in healthy menopausal women.

Methods: One hundred and forty women completed questionnaires assessing depressed mood, anxiety, stress, somatic symptoms, beliefs about HF/NS, and somatic amplification.

Telephone-guided Self-Help Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for menopausal symptoms.

Objectives: Group and Self-Help forms of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) are effective treatment options for women with problematic menopausal hot flushes and night sweats (HF/NS). However, some women are unable to attend face-to-face sessions. This study investigates whether Self-Help CBT for HF/NS is as effective when rolled out to women living at a distance with minimal telephone guidance.

An International Menopause Society study of climate, altitude, temperature (IMS-CAT) and vasomotor symptoms in urban Indian regions.

Objective: To examine the relationships between climate (season, temperature, humidity), lifestyle, health, mood and beliefs and experience of hot flushes and night sweats amongst mid-aged women living in eight urban Indian centers.

Methods: A total of 717 peri- and postmenopausal women, aged 45-55 years, from urban centers in different regions of India were included. Data were collected during both summer and winter months.

Does pattern recognition software using the Bahr monitor improve the sensitivity, specificity, and concordance of ambulatory skin conductance monitoring of hot flushes?

Objective: The aim of this study was to validate the performance of a new pattern recognition method for quantifying physiological hot flushes against conventional fixed criterion methods and to explore its suitability for use in ambulatory clinical trials.

Methods: This study performed a secondary analysis of baseline and outcome sternal skin conductance monitoring data from two recent randomized controlled trials of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for hot flushes in breast cancer patients (MENOS1) and healthy peri- and postmenopausal women (MENOS2) using a revised pattern recognition method (Bahr monitor; software version 1.1.

A randomised controlled trial of a cognitive behavioural intervention for men who have hot flushes following prostate cancer treatment (MANCAN): trial protocol.

Background: This randomised controlled trial (RCT) aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a guided self-help cognitive behavioural intervention to alleviate problematic hot flushes (HF) and night sweats (NS) in men who are undergoing prostate cancer treatment. The trial and the self-help materials have been adapted from a previous RCT, which showed that a cognitive behavioural intervention reduced the self-reported problem-rating of hot flushes in women with menopausal symptoms, and in women undergoing breast cancer treatment. We hypothesize that guided self-help will be more effective than usual care in reducing HF/NS problem-rating at post treatment assessment.

Global assessment of psychosocial functioning and predictors of outcome in schizophrenia.

Objective: This study identified predictors of psychosocial outcome in schizophrenia.

Method: A mixed group of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia were assessed as part of a routine clinical evaluation. A linear regression analysis was conducted in order to examine the effect of duration of untreated illness, number of previous hospitalisations, history of psychotic episodes and age at illness onset on patients' functioning, as assessed with the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale.

Health visitor views on consultation using the Solihull approach: a grounded theory study.

Consultation is integral to maintaining competence for health professionals and involves a collaborative relationship between specialist and primary care services. Although consultation aims to support them in their work, existing literature exploring health visitors' experiences of consultation is limited. This study explored health visitors' experiences of consultation in relation to their clinical practice, their experience of their work and its impact on the wider service.

Insight, global functioning and psychopathology amongst in-patient clients with schizophrenia.

To explore whether cognitive impairment and global functioning can predict the degree of insight into illness as well as whether insight is mediated by specific symptom dimensions of psychopathology in schizophrenia. A dimensional/cross sectional approach was used. A mixed group of clients (n = 36) were assessed as part of a routine clinical evaluation.

Cognitive functioning in patients with affective disorders and schizophrenia: a meta-analysis.

There is considerable evidence for cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia and affective disorders, but the pattern of potential similarities or differences between diagnostic groups remains uncertain. The objective of this study was to conduct a quantitative review of studies on cognitive performance in schizophrenia and affective disorders. Relevant articles were identified through literature search in major databases for the period between January 1980 and December 2005.