The accuracy of V_{ud} determinations from superallowed β decays critically hinges on control over radiative corrections. Recently, substantial progress has been made on the single-nucleon, universal corrections, while nucleus-dependent effects, typically parametrized by a quantity δ_{NS}, are much less well constrained. Here, we lay out a program to evaluate this correction from effective field theory (EFT), highlighting the dominant terms as predicted by the EFT power counting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground & Objective: This systematic review evaluates the impact of guidelines on healthcare professionals' behavior and explores the resulting outcomes.
Methods: Using PRISMA methodology, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched, yielding 624 results. After applying inclusion criteria, 67 articles were selected for in-depth analysis.
Purpose: To assess the safety and efficacy of the yellow sub-threshold micropulse laser (YSML) in eyes with uveitic macula edema (UME).
Methods: A prospective interventional study. Eyes with non-infectious UME and an unsatisfactory response to prior conventional treatments underwent navigated YSML (NAVILAS).
UAVs are nowadays used for several surveying activities, some of which imply flying close to tall walls, in and out of tunnels, under bridges, and so forth. In these applications, RTK GNSS positioning delivers results with very variable quality. It allows for centimetric-level kinematic navigation in real time in ideal conditions, but limitations in sky visibility or strong multipath effects negatively impact the positioning quality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhilos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci
July 2024
We employ constrained path Auxiliary Field Quantum Monte Carlo (AFQMC) in the pursuit of studying physical nuclear systems using a lattice formalism. Since AFQMC has been widely used in the study of condensed-matter systems such as the Hubbard model, we benchmark our method against published results for both one- and two-dimensional Hubbard model calculations. We then turn our attention to cold atomic and nuclear systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The aim of the Posner-Schlossman Syndrome European Study Group (PSS-ESG) is to acquire a comprehensive dataset of European patients with PSS. Here, we present the first report on the study protocol and the clinical findings of the patients at baseline.
Methods: The PSS-ESG is a retrospective, multicentre study designed to evaluate patients with PSS.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to search for contaminants in silicone oil tamponades removed from eyes treated for retinal detachment, and to correlate chemical results with some clinical/functional parameters of the considered eyes.
Methods: We examined a sequential cohort of eyes grouped according to the tamponade received: (1) Siluron2000 (S2), (2) RS-OIL ECS5000 (S5), and (3) Densiron Xtra (DX). Samples were collected at the beginning of the scheduled removal and analyzed by untargeted headspace gas-chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-GC-MS).
Life expectancy, quality of life and satisfaction of oncologic patients highly depend on access to adequate specialized services, that consider their conditions in a holistic way. The present study aims to evaluate the introduction of oncology services in an outpatient setting in a mountain village in Northern Italy. The initiative is evaluated using the three pillars of sustainability (social, economic and environmental) as dimensions that are often overlooked by healthcare policy makers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cataract extraction on intraocular pressure at 6, 12, and 24 months and their difference compared to the baseline in diverse glaucoma subtypes.
Materials And Methods: We carried out research in the MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and EMBASE databases, as of April 2022 for relevant papers, filtered according to established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The meta-analysis evaluated the Mean Reduction and relative Standard Error in these subpopulations at predetermined times.
Background: Endothelial Keratoplasty (EK) is now considered as the standard treatment for Congenital Hereditary Endothelial Dystrophy (CHED) by many surgeons. We present the 12-year clinical outcome of the youngest operated patient with CHED in which we successfully performed a bilateral EK procedure without removing the recipient endothelium-Descemet complex.
Case Presentation: In November 2010 we performed EK without Descemet Stripping in a 3-month female newborn, thinking that the lower manipulation obtained by leaving the recipient endothelium-Descemet complex could be the key factor for the success of our surgery.
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common inherited retinal disease (IRD) and is characterized by photoreceptor degeneration and progressive vision loss. We report 4 patients presenting with RP from 3 unrelated families with variants in TBC1D32, which to date has never been associated with an IRD. To validate TBC1D32 as a putative RP causative gene, we combined Xenopus in vivo approaches and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived (iPSC-derived) retinal models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough topical medical therapy and selective-laser-trabeculoplasty represent the treatments of choice to reduce intraocular pressure, many patients do not achieve adequate glaucoma control; therefore, they require further options and eventually surgery. Trabeculectomy is still considered the gold standard, but the surgical management of glaucoma has undergone continuous advances in recent years, XEN-gel-stent has been introduced as a safer and less traumatic means of lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG). This study aimed to review the effectiveness and safety of clinical data on XEN-stent in OAG patients with a Synthesis-Without-Meta-analysis (SWiM) methodology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPars plana vitrectomy is today a common first-line procedure for treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Removal or preservation of the natural lens at the time of vitrectomy is associated with both advantages and disadvantages. The combination of cataract extraction (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Herein we describe the change in the amount of macular oedema in one eye after contralateral intravitreal brolucizumab injections in a patient with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).
Case Report: A patient with bilateral nAMD underwent intravitreal bevacizumab injections in both eyes with little improvement in the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular exudation. The treatment was switched to aflibercept, but there was incomplete drying of the macula in both eyes.
Glaucoma is currently considered one of the leading causes of severe visual impairment and blindness worldwide. Topical medical therapy represents the treatment of choice for many glaucoma patients. Introduction of latanoprost, 25 years ago, with an entirely new mechanism of action from that of the antiglaucoma drugs used up to that time was a very important milestone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The dynamics of the posterior capsule during femtosecond laser lens fragmentation has received little attention in the literature. We analysed the movements of the posterior capsule to identify the rupture risk factors, if any, and to suggest possible modification of the laser spot energy pattern during fragmentation.
Materials And Methods: Posterior capsule ruptures during fragmentation were identified over a 10-year period of femtosecond laser use.
Automated refraction (Scheiner principle) is universally used to start a visual examination. Although the results are reliable in eyes implanted with monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs), they may be less precise with multifocal (mIOL) or extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) IOLs and can even indicate a refractive error that does not clinically exist. Autorefractor results with monofocal, multifocal, and EDOF IOLs were investigated through literature search analyzing the papers reporting the difference between automated and clinical refraction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To describe the unexpected one-year course of a probable Tobacco Alcohol Optic Neuropathy (TAON) and the unprecedented Laser Speckle Flowgraphy (LSFG) assessment.
Case Report: A 49-year-old Caucasian man with no family history of visual impairment referred because of unilateral and painless visual acuity (VA) decrease in the right eye (RE). Also, color vision and visual evoked potentials were unilaterally altered.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol
August 2023
Purpose: We evaluated the pupillary characteristics and response to light and drugs in eyes with posterior chamber (PC) placement of iris-claw intraocular lens (IC-IOL).
Methods: In this cross-sectional, comparative study, we included adults with an IC-IOL implanted in the PC of a single eye. We excluded patients with ocular trauma, postoperative IC-IOL displacement or complications, and extended iris atrophy.
Purpose: This retrospective case-control study was conducted to quantitatively and qualitatively assess the visual impairment in eyes with Epithelial Basement Membrane Dystrophy (EBMD) after regular cataract surgery.
Methods: EBMD pseudophakic eyes were compared with matched pseudophakic eyes free from surface disorders. At least 3 weeks after surgery we evaluated uncorrected and best-corrected distance visual acuity (UDVA and CDVA), objective aberrometry, Point Spread Function (PSF), Modulation Transfer Function (MTF), and patient complaints.
Introduction: To compare the short-term visual and aberrometric outcomes and the long-term capsulotomy incidence in a cohort of patients receiving IOLs with similar structural profile but with a hydrophobic matrix in one eye (PHOB group) and a hydrophilic matrix in the other one (PHIL group).
Methods: In this retrospective, contralateral study, 26 patients sequentially undergoing phacoemulsification were implanted as mentioned above. Refraction and aberrometry were evaluated 6 months after surgery.
Lens-sparing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) is often followed by cataract development. However, there have been few prospective studies evaluating the timing of cataract progression and potential associated factors. This was an observational study conducted at the Ophthalmology Unit of the University Hospital of Parma (Parma, Italy).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To investigate the advantages/disadvantages of a 1.0 D toric IOL vs spherical IOL after regular phacoemulsification in eyes with preoperative astigmatism ≤ 1 D.
Methods: Retrospective comparative series involving pseudophakic eyes with preoperative topographic astigmatism ≤ 1.