Femoral neck fracture: the reliability of radiologic classifications.

Background: Femoral neck fractures (FNF) are one of the most common injury in the elderly. A valid radiographic classification system is mandatory to perform the correct treatment and to allow surgeons to facilitate communication. This study aims to evaluate reliability of 2018 AO/OTA Classification, AO/OTA simplified and Garden classification.

Ceramic-on-ceramic versus ceramic-on-polyethylene in total hip arthroplasty: a comparative study at a minimum of 13 years follow-up.

Background: Nowadays hip replacement is one of the most successful surgery in terms of clinical outcome and patient's satisfaction. Therefore, the choice of biomaterials in hip replacement is increasingly important with the aim of obtaining a long-term satisfaction of patient and a greater survivorship of the implants. Ceramic-on-polyethylene (COP) and ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC) bearings are two common coupling used in total hip arthroplasty.

Small joints replacement for hand osteoarthritis: a systematic review.

Introduction: Small joints replacement is a valid treatment for moderate to severe osteoarthritis of the hand. Several design and materials are now available for prostethic procedures with very different clinical and functional outcomes.

Sources Of Data: An online search was carried out using Medline, Cochrane and Google scholar online databases, searching for studies on small joints replacement in hand surgery.

Is there a role for endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of lumbar disc degeneration? A hypothesis that needs to be tested.

Low back pain is a painful condition affecting most people at least once in their life. It can be the expression of lumbar disc degeneration, a condition whose progression is influenced by environmental, individual and genetic factors. The pathogenesis of this condition implies the reduction of sustenance for the tissues within the intervertebral disc (ID) due to a decreased blood flow in the local microcirculation.

Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of Achilles tendinopathy: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Several pharmacological interventions have been proposed for the management of Achilles tendinopathy, with no agreement on which is the overall best option available. This systematic review investigates the efficacy and safety of different local pharmacological treatments for Achilles tendinopathy.

Sources Of Data: We included only randomized controlled studies (RCTs) focusing on clinical and functional outcomes of therapies consisting in injection of a substance or local application.

Hamstring Tendon Regeneration After Harvest for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: To assess whether the portions of the semitendinosus and gracilis tendons harvested for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction have the potential to regenerate and, if so, to evaluate the histologic properties and actual function of this newly formed tissue.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive search of CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Embase, Medline, the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials, and SPORTDiscus from inception of the databases to July 2014, using various combinations of keywords. Studies focusing on hamstring tendon and muscle regeneration through imaging and histology, as well as on the related functional outcomes, were selected.

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and return to sport activity: postural control as the key to success.

Purpose: The risk for re-tear following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is influenced by several hormonal, neuromuscular, biomechanical and anatomic factors. One of the most important negative prognostic factors that markedly increase the risk for ACL re-tear is the presence of high knee-abduction moment (KAM), which can be measured immediately by landing on both feet after a vertical jump. We evaluated the effect in postoperative values for KAM according to the type of graft used for ACL reconstruction (hamstring vs patellar tendon) and a specific rehabilitation protocol focusing on recovery of muscular strength, proprioception and joint stabilisation.

Complications involving the extensor mechanism after total knee arthroplasty.

Purpose: To overview the complications involving extensor apparatus of the knee following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and to summarize which are the lines of treatment available and their reported outcomes in literature.

Methods: A comprehensive search of several databases was performed using as basic keywords "complications after TKA", "extensor mechanism disruption", "periprosthetic patellar fracture", "quadriceps tendon rupture", "quadriceps tendon rupture" isolated or combined with other terms by using Boolean operators. The methodological quality of each article was also evaluated using the Coleman methodology score (CMS).

The arthroscopic treatment of shoulder instability: bioabsorbable and standard metallic anchors produce equivalent clinical results.

Purpose: To investigate whether there are any differences in clinical outcomes and complications between absorbable and nonabsorbable suture anchors in the treatment of shoulder instability.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive search of Medline, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Embase, and the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials, from inception of the databases, using various combinations of keywords. Only studies focusing on clinical outcomes of patients who underwent arthroscopic shoulder stabilization with suture anchors were selected.

Metallic or bioabsorbable interference screw for graft fixation in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction?

Background: Approximately 100,000 anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions are performed in the USA each year. Interference screw fixation is considered the standard for rigid fixation of the graft and provides higher fixation strength compared with other devices such as staples or buttons. The present study summarizes the latest evidence comparing the effectiveness of the available classes of interference screws for fixation of ACL grafts.

Home-based vs supervised rehabilitation programs following knee surgery: a systematic review.

Introduction: Following knee surgery, rehabilitation can dramatically affect the postoperative course and the final outcomes of the procedure. We systematically reviewed the current literature comparing clinical outcomes of home-based and outpatient supervised rehabilitation protocols following knee surgery.

Sources Of Data: We searched Medline, CINAHL, Embase, Google Scholar, The Cochrane Library and SPORTDiscus.

Complications of osteotomies about the knee.

High tibial osteotomy and distal femoral osteotomy are 2 popular techniques for the treatment of monocompartmental osteoarthritis of the knee joint in young patients. Injury to the popliteal neurovascular bundle is still considered to be the most severe complication during an osteotomy procedure even if the rate of occurrence is very low. Loss of correction and hardware failures are more frequent, but not as devastating.

Scaffolds for partial meniscal replacement: an updated systematic review.

Introduction: Meniscectomy, a most common orthopaedic procedure, results in increased contact area of the articular surfaces of tibia and femur leading to early osteoarthritis. We systematically review the literature on clinical outcomes following partial meniscal replacement using different scaffolds.

Sources Of Data: We performed a comprehensive search of Medline, CINAHL, Embase and the Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials.

Meniscal root tears: from basic science to ultimate surgery.

Background: In meniscal root tears (MRTs), the disruption of collagen fibers that provide hoop strength results in extrusion of the menisci, altering their biomechanical properties. Clinical diagnosis is difficult, but magnetic resonance imaging usually allows to identify the lesion. Located into the vascularized zone of the meniscus, management is preferentially arthroscopic, aimed at repairing the lesions with arthroscopic transosseous sutures or suture anchors.

Augmentation techniques for rotator cuff repair.

Introduction: There is a high rate of recurrence of tear and failed healing after rotator cuff repair. Several strategies have proposed to augment rotator cuff repairs to improve postoperative outcome and shoulder performance. We systematically review the literature on clinical outcome following rotator cuff augmentation.