Cell type-specific regulation of ciliary transition zone assembly in vertebrates.

Ciliopathies are life-threatening human diseases caused by defective cilia. They can often be traced back to mutations of genes encoding transition zone (TZ) proteins demonstrating that the understanding of TZ organisation is of paramount importance. The TZ consists of multimeric protein modules that are subject to a stringent assembly hierarchy.

FTO is a relevant factor for the development of the metabolic syndrome in mice.

The metabolic syndrome is a worldwide problem mainly caused by obesity. FTO was found to be a obesity-risk gene in humans and FTO deficiency in mice led to reduction in adipose tissue. Thus, FTO is an important factor for the development of obesity.

The ciliary protein Ftm is required for ventricular wall and septal development.

Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) are the most common congenital heart defects in humans. Despite several studies of the molecular mechanisms involved in ventricular septum (VS) development, very little is known about VS-forming signaling. We observed perimembranous and muscular VSDs in Fantom (Ftm)-negative mice.

Foreign body reaction in vaginally eroded and noneroded polypropylene suburethral slings in the female: a case series.

Introduction And Hypothesis: Aim of this study was to investigate the pattern of the foreign body reaction of macroporous polypropylene mesh (MPPM) used in females for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence and to compare this pattern between eroded and noneroded tapes.

Methods: Ten explanted suburethral slings, five eroded and five noneroded, were examined immunohistochemically under light microscopy; the tissue reaction was compared between eroded and noneroded materials.

Results: Eroded material showed a significantly higher accumulation of macrophages around the filaments of the mesh.

The effect of global versus local processing styles on assimilation versus contrast in social judgment.

The authors propose a global/local processing style model (GLOMO) for assimilation and contrast effects in social judgment. GLOMO is based on Schwarz and Bless' (1992, 2007) inclusion-exclusion model, which suggests that when information is included into a category, assimilation occurs, whereas when information is excluded from a category, contrast occurs. According to GLOMO, inclusion versus exclusion should be influenced by whether people process information globally or locally.

Botulinum toxin-A for idiopathic overactivity of the vesical detrusor: a 2-year follow-up.

The aim of this trial was to examine the effects after 2 years of a single intravesical botulinum toxin-A injection (BTX-A). This prospective, observational study was conducted using urodynamic measurements and quality of life (QoL) assessment to document the effect after 2 years of a single 100 I.U.

Results on function and safety of the Safyre-t, a hybrid transobturator vaginal sling for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence.

Aims: To examine the efficacy and safety of the Safyre-t vaginal sling.

Methods: 108 women with a Safyre-t were invited for a gynecological follow up examination.

Results: 79/108 patients showed up for an examination at 20 +/- 4 months 59.

Demands and properties of alloplastic implants for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence.

Surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence changed dramatically with the introduction of the tension-free vaginal tape. Owing to its high efficacy and minimal patient discomfort this new minimally invasive procedure quickly obtained widespread acceptance and superseded the abdominal colposuspension as the gold standard. In the course of success of the original method a number of tension-free vaginal tapes flooded the market, varying in approach and material.

Outpatient psychotherapy for mothers--first empirical results.

MOTHERHOOD is a vulnerable phase in the life of any woman, one that may be associated with an increased risk of mental illness. Despite the major clinical significance of this patient group, only a few psychotherapeutic treatment programs are tailored to the needs of mothers of infants. Even when treatment is urgently needed, many mothers of infants reject inpatient psychotherapy so as not to be separated from their children.

A disrupted balance between Bmp/Wnt and Fgf signaling underlies the ventralization of the Gli3 mutant telencephalon.

Regionalization of the neural plate and the early neural tube is controlled by several signaling centers that direct the generation of molecularly distinct domains. In the developing telencephalon, the anterior neural ridge (ANR) and the roof and floor plate act as such organizing centers via the production of Fgfs, Bmps/Wnts, and Shh, respectively. It remains largely unknown, however, how the combination of these different signals is used to coordinate the generation of different telencephalic territories.